Dissolved heavy metals in the Tigris River (Turkey): spatial and temporal variations

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dc.contributor.authorVarol, Memet
dc.contributor.authorGokot, Bulent
dc.contributor.authorBekleyen, Aysel
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-24T16:02:27Z
dc.date.available2024-04-24T16:02:27Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.departmentDicle Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractMultivariate statistical techniques, such as analysis of variance, cluster analysis (CA), correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and factor analysis (FA), were applied to determine the spatial and temporal variations of dissolved heavy metals in the Tigris River at 7 different sites spread over the river stretch of about 500 km during the period of February 2008 to January 2009. The results indicated that Fe, Cr, and Ni were the most abundant elements in the river water, whereas Cd and As were the less abundant. Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn showed significant spatial variations, reflecting the influence of anthropogenic activities. The lowest total concentration of heavy metals was found at site 2 downstream of the Dicle Dam due to clean water from the dam. The concentrations of most metals were found lower when compared with results of previous studies due to reduction of the activity of the copper mine plant and the construction of two dams on the river. The lowest total concentrations were determined in February due to high precipitation and snow melts. Hierarchical agglomerative CA classified all the sampling sites into three main groups of spatial similarities. Clusters 1 (Maden and Bismil), 2 (Cizre), and 3 (Egil, DiyarbakA +/- r, Batman, and Hasankeyf) corresponded to moderate polluted and relatively low polluted regions, respectively. PCA/FA, CA, and correlation analysis suggest that Cu, Ni, and Zn are controlled by anthropogenic sources.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11356-013-1627-8
dc.identifier.endpage6108en_US
dc.identifier.issn0944-1344
dc.identifier.issn1614-7499
dc.identifier.issue9en_US
dc.identifier.pmid23536275
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84880843321
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage6096en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1627-8
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11468/14796
dc.identifier.volume20en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000322155400019
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringer Heidelbergen_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Science and Pollution Research
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectHeavymetalsen_US
dc.subjectMultivariate Statistical Techniquesen_US
dc.subjectSource Identificationen_US
dc.subjectAnthropogenic And Lithogenic Sourcesen_US
dc.titleDissolved heavy metals in the Tigris River (Turkey): spatial and temporal variationsen_US
dc.titleDissolved heavy metals in the Tigris River (Turkey): spatial and temporal variations
dc.typeArticleen_US

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