Fikhu’s-sîre literatürü ve öne çıkan üç eserin mukayesesi
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Tarih
2022
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Şarkiyat Araştırmaları Derneği
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çağdaş dönemde siyer-i nebiyi kronolojik olarak anlatıp ondan çıkarılacak ibret, öğüt ve hükümlere yoğunlaşan “fıkhu’s-sîre” adlı eserler dikkat çekmektedir. Özellikle bu eser türünün ilk ve en önemli örnekleri olan Muhammed el-Gazzâlî, Ramazan el- Bûtî ve Munîr el-Gadbân’ın Fıkhu’s-sîre adlı eserleri büyük ilgi ve kabul görmüştür. Makalemizde fıkhu’s-sîre’nin tanımı verilmiş ve henüz kavramlaşmadığı tespiti yapılmış, bunun muhtemel nedeni izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Günümüzde “fıkhu’s-sîre” adıyla biri Türkçe diğerleri Arapça yazılmış; on dördü kitap, biri doktora tezi olmak üzere toplam on beş eser vardır. Ayrıca doğrudan “Fıkhu’s-sîre” adını taşımamakla birlikte bu içeriğe sahip dokuz da çağdaş Arapça eser tespit edilmiştir. Önemine binaen Gazzâlî, Bûtî ve Gadbân’ın kitapları; takip ettikleri metot, hedefleri, konuların işleniş tarzı, içerikleri ve kaynakları açısından bir makale çerçevesinde tanıtılıp mukayese edilmiştir. Bu üç eser, Hz. Peygamber’in doğru anlaşılması ve örnek alınması amacına matuf olarak yazılmıştır. Onun için söz konusu üç eserde siyerle ilgili sahîh bilgilerin verilmesine ve herkesin anlayabileceği bir dil kullanılmasına özen gösterilmiştir. Siyer konuları; Gazzâlî ve Bûtî’de içerik, Gadbân’da ise Mekke ve Medine dönemleri itibara alınarak işlenmiştir. Bûtî’nin eseri, diğer ikisine göre daha sistematik gözükmektedir. Gazzâlî ve Bûtî olayları kompoze ederek anlatırken, Gadbân çoğunlukla ilgili âyet ve rivayetleri sıralamayı tercih etmiştir. Üç yazar da ağırlıklı olarak hadis kitapları ile İbn İshâk’ın Siyer’inden yararlanmıştır. Gadbân bunlara ilaveten İbn Kesîr’in el-Bidâye ve’n-nihâye’sinden de çokça istifade etmiştir. Bunların dışında klasik ve modern çeşitli kaynaklardan faydalanmışlardır. Bûtî ve Gadbân’ın kullandığı kaynakların, Gazzâlî’ye göre daha zengin olduğu görülmektedir.
In the contemporary period, the works called “fiqh al-sirah”, which tell the life of The Prophet chronologically and focus on the lessons, advice and judgments to be drawn from him, draw attention. Especially the works of Muhammed al-Ghazali, Ramadan al-Bouti and Munir al-Gadban called Fiqh al-sirah, which are the first and most important examples of this type of work, have received great attention and acceptance. In our article, the definition of fiqh al-sirah has been given and it has been determined that it has not been conceptualized yet, and the possible reason for this has been tried to be explained. Today, one of them is written in Turkish and the other in Arabic under the name of “fiqh al-sirah”; There are a total of fifteen works, of which fourteen are books and one is a doctoral thesis. In addition, nine contemporary Arabic works with this content, although not directly named “Fiqh al-sirah”, have been identified. Due to its importance, the books of Ghazali, Bouti and Gadban; They were introduced and compared within the framework of an article in terms of the method they followed, their goals, the way the subjects were handled, their contents and sources. These three works was written with the aim of understanding The Prophet correctly and taking an example. For this reason, care has been taken to provide authentic information about the life of The Prophet and to use a language that everyone can understand. Sirah topics; It has been divided into sections according to its content in Ghazali and Bouti, and in the form of Mecca and Medina Periods in Gadban. Bouti’s work seems more systematic than the other two. While Ghazali and Bouti were telling the events by composing, Gadban mostly preferred to list the related verses and narrations. All three authors mainly benefited from hadith books and Ibn Ishaq’s Sirah. In addition to these, Gadban also benefited a lot from Ibn Kathir’s Al-Bidaya wan Nihaya. Apart from these, they benefited from various classical and modern sources. It is seen that the sources used by Bouti and Gadban are richer than Ghazali.
In the contemporary period, the works called “fiqh al-sirah”, which tell the life of The Prophet chronologically and focus on the lessons, advice and judgments to be drawn from him, draw attention. Especially the works of Muhammed al-Ghazali, Ramadan al-Bouti and Munir al-Gadban called Fiqh al-sirah, which are the first and most important examples of this type of work, have received great attention and acceptance. In our article, the definition of fiqh al-sirah has been given and it has been determined that it has not been conceptualized yet, and the possible reason for this has been tried to be explained. Today, one of them is written in Turkish and the other in Arabic under the name of “fiqh al-sirah”; There are a total of fifteen works, of which fourteen are books and one is a doctoral thesis. In addition, nine contemporary Arabic works with this content, although not directly named “Fiqh al-sirah”, have been identified. Due to its importance, the books of Ghazali, Bouti and Gadban; They were introduced and compared within the framework of an article in terms of the method they followed, their goals, the way the subjects were handled, their contents and sources. These three works was written with the aim of understanding The Prophet correctly and taking an example. For this reason, care has been taken to provide authentic information about the life of The Prophet and to use a language that everyone can understand. Sirah topics; It has been divided into sections according to its content in Ghazali and Bouti, and in the form of Mecca and Medina Periods in Gadban. Bouti’s work seems more systematic than the other two. While Ghazali and Bouti were telling the events by composing, Gadban mostly preferred to list the related verses and narrations. All three authors mainly benefited from hadith books and Ibn Ishaq’s Sirah. In addition to these, Gadban also benefited a lot from Ibn Kathir’s Al-Bidaya wan Nihaya. Apart from these, they benefited from various classical and modern sources. It is seen that the sources used by Bouti and Gadban are richer than Ghazali.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fıkıh (İslam Hukuku), Fıkhu’s-Sîre (Fıkhu’s-Siyre), Muhammed el-Gazzâlî, Ramazan el-Bûtî, Munîr el-Gadbân, Fiqh (Islamic Law), Fiqh Al-Sirah, Muhammed al-Ghazali, Ramadan Al-Bouti, Munir al-Gadban
Kaynak
e-Şarkıyat İlmi Araştırmalar Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
14
Sayı
3
Künye
Taş, A. (2022). Fikhu’s-sîre literatürü ve öne çıkan üç eserin mukayesesi. e-Şarkıyat İlmi Araştırmalar Dergisi, 14(3), 903-931.
