Shading in the outdoor environments of climate-friendly hot and dry historical streets: The passageways of Sanliurfa, Turkey

This paper examines shading in the climate-friendly, outdoor spaces of a historical environment with a hot and dry climate using the example of the traditional streets of Sanliurfa, Turkey. The study aims to investigate the effects of traditional design forms in the outdoor environmental conditions of passageways. The analysis was carried out to examine the factors of air temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and relative humidity, all of which affect thermal comfort. The goal of this research is to investigate the design principles for achieving thermal comfort in the historical environment of Sanliurfa by means of shading. The study used 10 measurement points to analyse the effects of shading on thermal comfort conditions. The research reveals that the design of the traditional, outdoor shaded spaces of Sanliurfa provides a microclimate in the hot and dry summers of the region, and offers a social space enhanced by comfortable conditions. The microclimatic effects of the passageways on the formation of climate-friendly spaces in Sanliurfa were researched to identify the construction techniques and materials and to see how they contribute to thermal comfort conditions. The results are an approach to the design criteria for creating shaded outdoor spaces in hot and dry climates.