Umudu uzakta aramak: Süryanilerin Turabdin'den göçü
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Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
International Balkan University
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Göç sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik bir değişim süreci olduğu gibi, aynı zamanda, göçe maruz kalanlar için bir semptomdur. Her ne kadar dünyanın farklı coğrafyalarındaki göç ve göçmenlerin ortak deneyimleri varsa da, kendi başına kompleks ve farklı bir olgu olan göçün, hemen her birey ve grup üzerinde özgün etkileri de vardır. Bu çalışmada bu özgünlüklerden birisi olan Süryani göçü üzerinde durulacaktır. Her ne kadar Süryanilerin göçü konuda Türkiye'de yapılmış kayda değer çalışma yoksa da, Süryanilerin göçmen oldukları ülkelerde farklı bilim disiplinlerince yapılmış ve yapılmakta olan çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Ortadoğulu Ortodoks1 Hıristiyan bir etno-dinsel grup olan Süryaniler, günümüz Türkiye'sinde başta Mardin ve İstanbul olmak üzere Antakya, Diyarbakır ve Şırnak gibi illerde yaşamaktadırlar. Müslüman olmayan toplulukların Türkiye'den göçü 1900'lere uzansa da, Süryaniler sosyopolitik ve ekonomik nedenlerle 1942, 1955, 1974 yılları ve daha yoğun olarak 1980'in ikinci yarısında memleketlerinden yoğun bir şekilde Avrupa ülkeleri, Amerika ve Avustralya'ya göç etmişlerdir ve kuşkusuz pek çok sorunla da karşılaşmışlardır. Bunun yanında, ekonomik gelişmelerle birlikte Süryanilerde eğitim ve dolayısıyla politik konularda gelişmeler de olmuştur. Son yıllarda memleketlerine kesin dönüş yapan Süryani ailelerde bu etki ve gelişmeler rahatça izlenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Süryani göçünün nedenlerine kısaca değinildikten sonra, göçün Süryaniler üzerindeki etkileri bağlamında; son zamanlarda anavatanları olarak gördükleri Turabdin'e2 geri dönen Süryanilerde geri dönüş sürecinin oluşum dinamikleri yanında; geri döndüklerinde "ev"lerinde karşılaştıkları ve karşılaşmaları olası sosyo-ekonomik, siyasal ve kültürel olgular ele alınmıştır.
The history of humanity is the history of migration. Migration in Turkey also has a long history, affecting the people who migrated and those who have stayed. Research on migration from Turkey frequently concentrates on the economic reasons that caused migration, while research on migrants in the receiving countries considers the social, cultural and religious “problems” that the migrants might have created in their new “homes.” This article focuses on the effects of Assyrian migration from Turkey to Europe, and their return migration to their homelands in Turkey. The Assyrians, who belong to the OrthodoxChristian groups of the Middle East, today live in Mardin and Istanbul in addition to small populations in Antakya, Diyarbakır, and Şırnak in Turkey. The mass migration of non-Muslims from Turkey to Europe, the U.S., and Australia dates back to the 1900s. However, Assyrians had migrated from Turkey in various waves in 1942, 1955, 1974, and especially after the coup d'etat in 1980 for various social and political reasons. I conclude that the migration from Turkey, in return, created an upward mobility in education and politics in their homeland, which can be seen in the returnee Assyrians and their families in the past few years. After briefly considering the causes of Assyrian migration, I will particularly focus on the returnees in their traditional homeland in Turabdin (Mardin) in recent years, and examine the socio-psychological effects of migration and return migration. I will also consider the social, cultural, and political contexts which the Assyrians face upon their return. As such, the article will shed light on important aspects of the Assyrian migration and contribute to the studies on Assyrians, which are very much neglected in Turkey.
The history of humanity is the history of migration. Migration in Turkey also has a long history, affecting the people who migrated and those who have stayed. Research on migration from Turkey frequently concentrates on the economic reasons that caused migration, while research on migrants in the receiving countries considers the social, cultural and religious “problems” that the migrants might have created in their new “homes.” This article focuses on the effects of Assyrian migration from Turkey to Europe, and their return migration to their homelands in Turkey. The Assyrians, who belong to the OrthodoxChristian groups of the Middle East, today live in Mardin and Istanbul in addition to small populations in Antakya, Diyarbakır, and Şırnak in Turkey. The mass migration of non-Muslims from Turkey to Europe, the U.S., and Australia dates back to the 1900s. However, Assyrians had migrated from Turkey in various waves in 1942, 1955, 1974, and especially after the coup d'etat in 1980 for various social and political reasons. I conclude that the migration from Turkey, in return, created an upward mobility in education and politics in their homeland, which can be seen in the returnee Assyrians and their families in the past few years. After briefly considering the causes of Assyrian migration, I will particularly focus on the returnees in their traditional homeland in Turabdin (Mardin) in recent years, and examine the socio-psychological effects of migration and return migration. I will also consider the social, cultural, and political contexts which the Assyrians face upon their return. As such, the article will shed light on important aspects of the Assyrian migration and contribute to the studies on Assyrians, which are very much neglected in Turkey.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Turabdin, Süryaniler, Göç, Geri dönüş, Assyrians, Migration, Turn back
Kaynak
Turkish Studies (Elektronik)
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
12
Sayı
2
Künye
Özmen, A. (2017). Umudu uzakta aramak: Süryanilerin Turabdin'den göçü. Turkish Studies (Elektronik), 12(2), 167-178.
