Types of Rickets, Dental and Histologic Findings: Review of the Literature

Introduction: A disease that occurs during childhood, rickets is the failure of growing bone to mineralize. Many skeletal and radiographic changes can ocur because of the lack of calcified osteoid and the buildup of unossified cartilage. Proper bone formation requires a complex interplay of several organs and chemicals, and vitamin D deserves special mention because any disturbance in its production, absorption, or metabolism is paramount in the development of rickets. The pathophysiology of the disease is thought to be impaired phosphate transport, especially decreased phosphate resorption in the renal proximal tubule, as well as in the intestine. In most cases, the diagnosis is established with a thorough history and physical examination and confirmed by laboratory evaluation. Early diagnosis is essential because morbidity can be minimized if children are treated before eight months of age. Objective: The aim of this literature review is to present various types of rickets with clinical features and the dental findings, preventive measurements and treatments. Conclusion: The denrist as well as the pediatrician should be made aware of the features of this disorder so that early intervention can prevent subsequent serious and more invasive dental procedures.