İslam hukukuna göre sarf akdinde banka kartlarının kullanımı
Yükleniyor...
Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Şarkiyat Araştırmaları Derneği
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İslam Hukukuna göre sarf akdinde ivazların aynı mecliste ve peşin olması esastır. Vade, taksit veya bir başkasına havale kabul görmemektedir. Ancak günümüzde banka kartlarının alışverişlerde yaygın biçimde kullanılması, zamanla sarf akdine de sirayet etmiştir. Çoğunlukla ihtiyaçtan dolayı banka kartlarıyla da altın alışverişi yapılmaktadır. Tek çekim yanında bazı kuyumcuların vade farkı koymadan taksitle de satış yaptıkları bir vakıadır. Vade farkı ister uygulansın, isterse uygulanmasın, sarf akdinde taksit meşru değildir. Bu hükümde İslam hukukçuları ittifak etmiştir. Ancak banka kartıyla ve tek çekimle altın alışverişi tartışmalıdır. Kimi İslam hukukçuları tek çekimle yapılan alışverişi meşru saymış, kimi ise saymamıştır. Ama genel olarak sarf akdinde aynı mecliste tarafların ivazları birlikte karşılıklı olarak teslim etmeleri gerektiği hususunda uzlaşmışlardır. Ne var ki, banka kartıyla yapılan alışverişte, bankanın devreye girmesi, altın karşılığı olan ivazın hesaba havalesi ve bu havalenin (hesaba yatan paranın) nakit paranın yerini alıp almadığı şüpheyle karşılanmıştır. Esasen hesaptaki paranın her türlü ve anında tasarrufa imkan verdiğini iddia etmek de mümkün değildir. Sözgelimi rehin bırakmak, nakdi sadakada bulunmak bunlardan bazılarıdır. Sarf akdinde ivazlar aynı mecliste karşılıklı olarak ve aynı anda elden ele teslim edilmelidir. Bu teslimle birlikte tarafların birbirlerine karşı borcu kalmamalıdır. Yani ilave bir işleme, kişiye, kuruluşa ihtiyaç duymadan ivaz üzerinde tek taraflı olarak tasarruf edilebilmelidir. Zira teslim alınan ivazlarla anında her türlü tasarrufta bulunabilmek, kabzın gerçekleşmiş sayılmasının ve geçerli olduğunun bir işaretidir. Tasarruf konusunda herhangi bir kısıtlama getirmek veya ek işlemlere başvurmak da doğru değildir. Bu çalışmamızda, teorik bilgiler yanında, günlük hayattaki pratiğini de göz önüne alarak, sarf akdinde banka kartlarının kullanımına ilişkin bazı şüpheli durum ve kaygıları ortaya koymaya çalıştık. Bunun için de öncelikle konumuzla ilgili gördüğümüz akademik çalışmaların yanında, banka mevzuatının ilgili kuralları ve nihayet İslam hukuku kaynaklarından yararlandık. Sonuç olarak özellikle sarf akdinde bankayı taraf kılmanın mahzurlu olacağı kanaatine ulaştık.
For the gold exchange contract, according to Islamic law is essential to have in advance and the same parliament. It does not accept maturity, installment or transfer to another person. But nowadays widely used in the exchange of bank cards, it has also spread to time to the gold exchange. Mostly, because of need, gold exchanges are also made with debit cards. In addition to one shot, some jewelers are selling in installments without paying any maturity difference. The installment is not legitimate, whether it is applied or not. Islamic lawyers have allied in this judgment. However, the exchange of gold with a bank card and single withdrawal is controversial. Some Islamic lawyers regarded the purchase made with one shot as legitimate, and some did not. However, in general, the contracting parties have agreed that the same parliamentary parties must mutually submit their obligations together. However, it was met with suspicion that the exchange made with the bank card, the bank's commissioning, the provision of gold, and the cash money of this bank transfer (the money in the account) have taken place. In fact, it is not possible to claim that the money in the account allows for any and all savings. It is some of them to be pledged, to be in a cash almighty. In the case of a consignment, the same obligations must be handed over to the same parliament in the same way and at the same time. With this delivery, the parties should not be liable to each other. In other words, an additional processing should be able to save unilaterally on the ivory without the need for a person or organization. Because, being able to find any kind of savings immediately upon receipt of the deliverables is an indication that the mattress has been realized and valid. It is also not right to impose any restrictions on saving or resort to additional operations. In this work, we have tried to put forward some suspicions and worries about the use of debit cards in the consumption account, taking into account the theoretical knowledge as well as the daily practice. For this, we first benefited from the relevant rules of banking legislation, and finally from Islamic legal sources, as well as the academic studies we have dealt with. As a result, we have come to the conclusion that it would be disadvantageous to bank the bank in particular.
For the gold exchange contract, according to Islamic law is essential to have in advance and the same parliament. It does not accept maturity, installment or transfer to another person. But nowadays widely used in the exchange of bank cards, it has also spread to time to the gold exchange. Mostly, because of need, gold exchanges are also made with debit cards. In addition to one shot, some jewelers are selling in installments without paying any maturity difference. The installment is not legitimate, whether it is applied or not. Islamic lawyers have allied in this judgment. However, the exchange of gold with a bank card and single withdrawal is controversial. Some Islamic lawyers regarded the purchase made with one shot as legitimate, and some did not. However, in general, the contracting parties have agreed that the same parliamentary parties must mutually submit their obligations together. However, it was met with suspicion that the exchange made with the bank card, the bank's commissioning, the provision of gold, and the cash money of this bank transfer (the money in the account) have taken place. In fact, it is not possible to claim that the money in the account allows for any and all savings. It is some of them to be pledged, to be in a cash almighty. In the case of a consignment, the same obligations must be handed over to the same parliament in the same way and at the same time. With this delivery, the parties should not be liable to each other. In other words, an additional processing should be able to save unilaterally on the ivory without the need for a person or organization. Because, being able to find any kind of savings immediately upon receipt of the deliverables is an indication that the mattress has been realized and valid. It is also not right to impose any restrictions on saving or resort to additional operations. In this work, we have tried to put forward some suspicions and worries about the use of debit cards in the consumption account, taking into account the theoretical knowledge as well as the daily practice. For this, we first benefited from the relevant rules of banking legislation, and finally from Islamic legal sources, as well as the academic studies we have dealt with. As a result, we have come to the conclusion that it would be disadvantageous to bank the bank in particular.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sarf akdi, İvaz, Banka havalesi, Kabz, Tasarruf, The gold exchange contract, Consideration, Bank transfer, Collection and receipt, Savings
Kaynak
e-Şarkiyat İlmi Araştırmalar Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
9
Sayı
2
Künye
Turan, M. H. (2017). İslam hukukuna göre sarf akdinde banka kartlarının kullanımı. e-Şarkiyat İlmi Araştırmalar Dergisi, 9(2), 823-838.
