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Öğe The Relationship between Helicobacter Pylori and intestinal parasites in patients with peptic ulcer(2023) Kaya, Yasemin; Karaman, Ülkü; Çolak, Cemil; Çınar, Hamza; Karataş, Ahmet; Arserim, Neval Berrin; Yolalan, GamzeAim: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), risk factors, and co-infection with intestinal parasites in adult patients presenting gastrointestinal complaints. Materials and Methods: The working group of the study consisted of 385 patients with gastrointestinal complaints. A questionnaire including questions aiming to canvass the socio-demographic features, lifestyles, and complaints of the patients was administered to the study population. Cellophane slide method, native-lugol, sedimentation and Modified kinyoun acid-fast methods were used for the diagnosis of parasites in stool, under microscope. The H. pylori antigen was studied in the stool sample taken for the diagnosis of H. pylori.Results: H. pylori positivity was found to be 27.79% in the patients included in the study. 76.6% of those who are positive for H. pylori are women, and the positivity rate was found to be higher at the age of 40 and over (75.7%). The majority of patients with H. pylori positivity expressed being married (73.8%), having middle / low-income (89.7%), having a low educational background (82.2%), living in a village (55.1%), and in a nuclear family (72.2%) (p<0.001). H. pylori positivity was higher in those who used tap water (40.2%) and those who had a vegetable-based diet (75.7%) (p<0.001). The study found a statistically significant correlation between Entamoeba histoloytica and Enterobius vermicularis positivity and H. pylori positivity (p<0.05 p<0.001, respectively). The calculated odds ratio showed that H. pylori positivity was 1.19 times higher in Entamoeba histoloytica positivity and 11.27 times higher in Enterobius vermicularis positivity. Conclusion: Larger and more comprehensive studies should be performed to understand better the epidemiology, clinical effects, treatment, and control of H. pylori co-infection.Öğe Increased expression of E-cadherin, endothelin-1, and CD68 in preeclamptic placentas(Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2016) İrtegün, Sevgi; Tekin, Mehmet Ali; Alpaycı, RojbinObjective: Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria in the second trimester of pregnancy. The pathogenesis of PE still remains unknown. Revealing the specific proteins involved in placental functions is important for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of PE. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression levels of E-cadherin, endothelin-1, and CD68 in both preeclamptic and normal placentas. Materials and Methods: In this study, placentas after birth at 35-38 weeks were included. Ten preeclamptic placentas and 10 normal placentas were used. The expression levels of E-cadherin, endothelin-1, and CD68 were measured by western blot. Results: It was observed that the expression of E-cadherin and endothelin-1 was not at detectable levels in normal placentas; however, E-cadherin and endothelin-1 were observed to be highly expressed in preeclamptic placentas. In addition, the expression of CD68 was found to be markedly increased in preeclamptic placentas in comparison to control placentas. Conclusion: The increased expression of E-cadherin, endothelin-1, and CD68 may play an important role in impaired trophoblast invasion, endothelial dysfunction, and inadequate spiral remodeling, which are key factors involved in the pathogenesis of PE.Öğe Conus Medullaris Position in an Adult Population: Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2016) Karabulut, Özlen; Akay, Hatice; Karabulut, Zülfü; Özevren, Hüseyin; Saka, Günay; Hatipoğlu, Savaş; Deveci, EnginThe objective of this study was to evaluate the variation in position of the conus medullaris (CM) in male and female patients without spinal deformity, to correlate the termination level in magnetic resonance (MR) images of the lumbar spine. 921 patients consisted of 607 men and 314 women were evaluated by MRI. The strength of T1 weighted MRI device was 1.5 Tesla. The patients were in supine position when measured. The termination level of the conus medullaris was recorded in relation to the upper, middle or lower third of the adjacent vertebra and the adjacent intervertebral disc. The patients in our study group were examined for low back pain. The members with spinal deformity were excluded. The distribution of conus medullaris localization was measured to range from T12 to L2-L3. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean conus medullaris position related to gender also a significant difference between increasing age and conus position in female patients. These findings suggest that the distribution of CM location in a large adult population was shown to range from the upper third of T12 to the lower third of L2-L3 disc space both in women and men.Öğe Expression of PECAM-1 and E-cadherin in the umblical cords of gestational diabetic mothers(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2015) Tahaoǧlu, Ali Emre; Toğrul, Cihan; Külahçıoğlu, Mehmet İrfan; Bademkıran, Muhammed Hanifi; Balsak, Deniz; Mavigök, Erkan; Ekinci, Cenap; Deveci, EnginThe purpose of this study is to examine the changes in the umbilical cord in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus In this study, as a control group human placental tissues from normotensive pregnancies was collected from diabetic women at 28-35 weeks of gestation. Gestational diabetes (n= 20) and normal umbilical cord (n= 20) for a total of 40 units were received. GDM groups compared to the control group was significantly higher values was detected (p<0.01). In GDM group, light microscopy showed erosion of the endothelium and complete rupture of the umbilical vessels resulting in extravasation of blood within Wharton's jelly. it was observed that the cytoplasmic fragments and cell infiltration of the spill to the subepithelial layer of apoptotic cell PECAM-1 positive reaction showed. E-Cadherin in endothelial side surface of diabetes group showed weak expression in the nucleus and showed positive reaction in smooth muscle.Öğe Comparative effects of pravastatin and rosuvastatin on carbohydrate metabolism in an experimental diabetic rat model(Sciendo, 2024) Kaya, Hacer Kayhan; Demirtaş, Berjan; Yokuş, Beran; Kesim, Dilek Aygün; Taşdemir, Ezel; Şermet, AbdurrahmanStatin treatment may increase the risk of diabetes; there is insufficient data on how statins affect glucose regulation and glycemic control and the effects of statins on liver enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism have not been fully studied. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of the statin derivatives, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin, on carbohydrate metabolism in an experimental diabetic rat model. Female Wistar albino rats were used and diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Thereafter, 10 and 20 mg kg(-1 )day(-1) doses of both pravastatin and rosuvastatin were administered by oral gavage to the diabetic rats for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, body masses, the levels of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), liver glycogen, and liver enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism were measured. Both doses of pravastatin significantly in creased the body mass in diabetic rats, however, rosuvastatin, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg(-1 )day(-1) reduced the body mass signi ficantly. Pravastatin, especially at a dose of 20 mg kg(-1 )day(-1), caused significant increases in liver glycogen synthase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels but significant decreases in the levels of glycogen phosphorylase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphatase. Hence, pravastatin partially ameliorated the adverse changes in liver enzymes caused by diabetes and, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg(-1 )day(-1), reduced the fasting blood glucose level and increased the liver glycogen content. However, rosuvastatin, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg(-1 )day(-1), significantly reduced the liver glycogen synthase and pyruvate kinase levels, but increased the glycogen phosphorylase level in diabetic rats. Rosuvastatin, 20 mg kg(-1 )day(-1 )dose, caused significant decreases in the body mass and the liver glycogen content of diabetic rats. It can be concluded that pravastatin, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg(-1 )day(-1) is more effective in ameliorating the negative effects of diabetes by modulating carbohydrate metabolism.Öğe Determination of chemical composition and antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibition activities of Rumex acetosella L. plant extract(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2024) Kandemir, Sevgi İrtegun; Aktepe, Necmettin; Baran, Ayse; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Keskin, Cumali; Karadağ, MusaPurpose The phenolic composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, enzyme inhibition activity, and cytotoxic activity potentials of the plant Rumex acetosella L. (R. acetosella) were examined in this study. Materials and Methods: The chemical composition of R. acetosella methanol extract was identified by the LC-MS/MS method. The antioxidant activity was tested using beta-carotene/linoleic acid, DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS cation radical scavenging, CUPRAC reducing power, and metal chelating activity methods. The cytotoxic activity was determined by the MTT assay using human ovarian adenocarcinoma (Skov-3), glioblastoma (U87), human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), and human colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) cell lines. The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts was tested on gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeuriginosa) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) using the in vitro minimum inhibition concentration method (MIC). Enzyme inhibition activity of R. acetosella methanol extract was measured spectrophotometrically against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. Results: The findings showed that the major components of the methanol extract content were luteolin-7-O-glucoside (1.599 m/L), polydatin (91,024 m/L), and shikimic acid (0.773 m/L). It was determined that the extract and standard antioxidant (a-tocopherol) results in DPPH center dot, and ABTS center dot + tests performed to determine the antioxidant activity were close to each other, and this value was more effective than the standard antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol) in the CUPRAC test. These results suggested that the plant's antioxidant potential was higher when compared with reference antioxidant compounds. It was determined that the methanol extract of R. acetosella had a weaker effect on the growth of the tested microorganisms than the antibiotics used as standard. The activity of the GST and AChE enzymes was found to be severely inhibited by the methanol extract of R. acetosella. Conclusion: Based on these findings, R. acetosella L. is a medicinal and commercially beneficial plant that warrants further investigation.Öğe Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles based on the Raphanus sativus leaf aqueous extract and their toxicological/microbiological activities(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Hatipoğlu, Abdulkerim; Baran, Ayşe; Keskin, Cumali; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Eftekhari, Aziz; Omarova, Sabina; Janas, DawidSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have several uses. Many scientists are working on producing AgNPs from plant extracts for use as biomedicines against drug-resistant bacteria and malignant cell lines. In the current study, plant-based AgNPs were synthesized using Raphanus sativus L. (RS) leaf aqua extract. Different concentrations of AgNO3 were used to optimize the synthesis process of RS-AgNPs from the aqueous leaf extract. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and UV-vis spectroscopy were used to analyze the generated materials. Furthermore, to evaluate the biological properties of the obtained materials, Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Candida albicans (C. albicans) pathogen strains were used for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. Subsequently, healthy cell lines (human dermal fibroblast (HDF)) and cancerous cell lines (glioma/U118, Ovarian/Skov-3, and colorectal adenocarcinoma/CaCo-2) were engaged to determine the cytotoxic effects of the synthesized NPs. The cytotoxic and anti-pathogenic potential of AgNPs synthesized by the proposed green approach was investigated. The results were encouraging compared to the standards and other controls. Plant-based AgNPs were found to be potential therapeutic agents against the human colon cancer cell (CaCo-2) and showed strong inhibitory activity on Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus growth. The RS-AgNPs generated have highly effective antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria. Our findings also show that green RS-AgNPs are more cytotoxic against cancerous cell lines than normal cell lines. Synthesized nanoparticles with desirable morphology and ease of preparation are thought to be promising materials for antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and catalytic applications.Öğe Angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors during the post-hatching growth of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) spleen(Wiley, 2024) Bayram, Bayram; Liman, Narin; Alan, Emel; Sağsöz, Hakan; 0000-0002-5738-918X; 0000-0001-5489-2719; 0000-0002-5456-697X; 0000-0003-4990-3991Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members are responsible for endothelial cells' growth, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and differentiation and proliferation of non-endothelial cell types. VEGF and its receptors are found in mammalian lymphoid organs. The present study was conceived to determine (a) the presence and localization of angiogenic VEGF and its receptors (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 [Flt1/fms], fetal liver kinase 1 [Flk1]/kinase insert domain receptor [KDR], Fms-like tyrosine kinase 4 [Flt4]) and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) in the quail spleen; and (b) whether their expressions in the spleen components change during the post-hatching growth of the organ, using immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical stainings showed that VEGI, VEGF, and VEGF receptors were expressed in many components, including the vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ellipsoid-associated cells (EACs), and immune cells, of quail spleen and that VEGF and its receptors' immunostaining intensity scores (ISs) varied depending on the post-hatching growth period, while VEGI-IS did not change. In addition, ISs of VEGI, VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 in EACs were weak to moderate, while flk1/KDR-IS in EACs adjacent to the capsule of Schweigger-Seidel sheaths (ellipsoids) was higher than other proteins, supports a more important and specific role of Flk1/KDR in the EAC function. These specific expressions of VEGI, VEGF, flt1/fms, flk1/KDR, and flt4 proteins in splenic cell types suggest their particular roles, in the functional development of splenic components and thus, are critical to post-hatching maturation of quail spleen. These findings indicate that the expression levels of VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4, except Flk1/KDR, are low in the quail spleen, and only a few components of the spleen express VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 under normal conditions.Öğe Investigation of new inflammatory biomarkers in patients with brucella(Public Library of Science, 2024) Erkan, Revşa Evin Canpolat; Tekin, RecepBackground Delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases, such as Brucella, lead to high rates of mortality and morbidity. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between serum levels of apelin, presepsin, and irisin with inflammation, laboratory parameters, and blood culture in patients with brucella. Patients and methods This prospective case-control study involves 30 patients with brucellosis and 30 healthy, matched control subjects. Thirty patients who were diagnosed with brucellosis were aged ≥ 18 years. Blood samples were taken from the patients on the first day they were diagnosed with brucellosis. The values of irisin, presepsin, and apelin were studied. In addition, blood samples were also taken from 30 healthy individuals for the control group. Irisin, presepsin, and apelin values that were measured in the patients on the first day were compared with those values measured in the control group. Results The sex and age statuses of the subjects are matched among the groups. The levels of irisin were significantly higher in patients with brucellosis compared to the control group (p<0.045). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of apelin and presepsin levels (p values 0.087 and 0.162, respectively). There was a positive correlation between irisin levels and elevated ALT levels, as well as positive blood cultures. Conclusions It appears that the measurement of irisin levels may be beneficial in patients with brucellosis. Irisin can be used as a diagnostic marker for brucella infection and may greatly clinicians to predict the severity disease and treatment response. © 2024 Canpolat Erkan, Tekin. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Öğe Prevalence of HLA B27 in patients diagnosed with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) in Diyarbakır, Southeastern Region of Turkey(2024) Oral, Diclehan; Erdal, Gülbahar G.; Tekeş, Selahattin; Yücel, İlyas; Em, SerdaAIM: The research to be conducted on human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 in patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Diyarbakır between 2019-2021 is to contribute to the understanding of the prevalence and effect of this genetic marker in the local population. As a researcher working on HLA-B27 and AS, our focus is to research the following. HLA-B27 Prevalence: To determine the prevalence of HLA-B27 in patients diagnosed with AS during the specified period in Diyarbakır. This information can provide insight into the genetic factors associated with the disease in the local population. Disease Severity: Investigate the relationship between HLA-B27 positivity and severity of AS symptoms. To examine factors such as disease progression, pain levels, functional impairment, and quality of life in HLA-B27 positive patients compared to HLA-B27 negative patients. By Genetic Associations: To enable the discovery of potential genetic relationships between HLA-B27 and other genetic markers known to be associated with AS. To investigate whether there are any specific genetic variants associated with HLA-B27 that contribute to disease susceptibility or severity. Researchers: We recommend considering the following approaches to generate knowledge on this topic globally: Literature Review: Conducting a comprehensive review of the available scientific literature on HLA-B27 and AS. It is to describe relevant studies conducted globally and summarize their findings to provide a broader understanding of the subject. Collaboration and Data Sharing: To encourage cooperation with researchers from other regions or countries doing similar studies on HLA-B27 and ASs. By sharing our data and collaborating on analysis, we can improve the global perspective and generalizability of your findings. International Conferences and Journals: Presenting our research findings at international conferences focusing on rheumatology, genetics or related fields. To disseminate our findings globally is to submit your research articles to reputable journals specializing in AS or genetic studies. Online Platforms: Using online platforms such as Researchgate.net, academia.edu or social media networks to share our research findings, connect with other researchers in the field and participate in discussions on a global scale. By using these fields, it is possible to contribute to the global knowledge and understanding of the relationship between HLA-B27 and AS. It is also to obtain insights from studies carried out in other regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 198 (104 male and 94 female) patients who applied to Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Clinic with AS symptoms between 2019-2021 and were referred to Dicle University Medical Biology and Genetics Department for evaluation. HLA-B27 positivity was included in our study as a case group. As the control group, 50 people (25 males, 25 females) were selected among the unrelated people who applied to our laboratory to be a bone marrow donor. In both groups, DNA isolation was performed from peripheral blood using the salt precipitation method. Rotar Gene Q device was used for real-time PCR analysis. As a statistical method in analysis; The prevalences of the variables of interest were calculated. The lower and upper limits of 95% were determined as the confidence interval. According to the presence of HLA 27 positivity, the mean of ESR, CRP, and age variables were compared. Mann-Whitney U test was used due to the small number of subjects. Also, correlations between ESR and CRP were calculated. Spearman rho correlation statistics were used as a statistical method. Analyzed. RESULT: Radiological examinations and laboratory tests were performed on 198 patients with suspicion AS and 50 healthy control group of 248 subjects. The prevalence of those with a definite diagnosis of AS was calculated as statistical analysis recalculated 20.16 (95% CI: 0.76-0.9552). The prevalence of HLA-B27 in 50 patients diagnosed with AS as a result of radiological examinations and laboratory tests was calculated as 92%. CONCLUSION: Our study is the first study covering the province of Diyarbakır in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, which we think will contribute to the literature in the evaluation of HLA-B27 positivity in AS patients. The prevalence of HLA-B27 in our region is higher than the prevalence in Turkey.Öğe Immunohistochemical analysis of vimentin and Zonula Occludens-1 in placentas of patients with PPROM(IMR Press Limited, 2024) Zaman, Fuat; Aşır, Fırat; Ermiş, Işılay Sezen; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi; Deveci, Engin; Oğlak, Süleyman CemilBackground: We aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical staining of vimentin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression in the placentas of pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Methods: Placentas of 25 healthy and 25 women with PPROM were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and further processed for paraffin wax tissue embedding. Demographic properties of patients were recorded. Placentas were histologically stained with hematoxylin-eosin and vimentin and ZO-1 expression immunostaining. Results: Vimentin expression was high in the decidual cells, fibroblasts, and connective tissue fibers in control group. Compared to control group, vimentin expression was decreased in the placental structures of PPROM group, where fetal membranes were degenerated and histologically irregular. Similar to vimentin expression, ZO-1 expression was also high in placental components of control group such as chorioamniotic membrane and amniotic epithelium. The PPROM group showed lower expression of ZO-1 expression in placental structures than in that of control. ZO-1 expression was significantly lowered in regions where fetal membrane integrity was weakened and lost. Conclusions: We suggest that ZO-1 and vimentin expression may show alteration in etiology premature rupture of membrane.Öğe Effects of potentilla fulgens as prophylactic agent in intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury(Universidad de la Frontera, 2015) Tunç, Nurettin; Taş, Mahmut; Görük, Mücahit; Kirman, Günsel; Deveci, EnginThe purpose of this study, ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, Potentilla fulgens is to investigate the protective effects. Wistar albino rats (n= 30) weighing 180-220 g were used in the experiment. Group 1 animals underwent sham laparotomy without ischemiareperfusion injury. Group 2 animals underwent laparotomy and occlusion of superior mesenteric arteries for 30 min followed by 20 min of reperfusion without pretreatment. The Potentilla fulgens group received 400 mg/kg/day Potentilla fulgens intraperitoneally 5 days before Ischemia-reperfusion injury. There was a significant difference between the group with ischemia-reperfusion group Potentilla fulgens (p<0.0001). In statistical analysis of the MDA level, data were obtained after a respective measurement in all groups. Potentilla fulgens group with ischemia-reperfusion group was a significant decrease in MDA (p<0.001). In the period after ischemia-reperfusion, marked PCNA immunoreactivities were observed in the nuclei of crypt and villus cell. In ischemia reperfusion group, the number of PCNA immunoreactivity is quite advanced and they extended throughout the middle part of the intestine folds. The number of TUNEL-positive nuclei were also developed. In ischemia-reperfusion plus P. fulgens group, the intestinal epithelium with only a few PCNA immunoreactive nuclei. TUNEL positive nuclei were noted in the gut lumen and mucosal close differentiated goblet cells. We showed that Potentilla fulgens extract significantly prevented mucosal lesions caused by intestinal ıschemia-reperfusion.Öğe Serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with invasive diseases in Turkey: 2008–2014(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2016) Ceyhan, Mehmet; Özsürekçi, Yasemin; Gürler, Nezahat; Öksüz, Lütfiye; Aydemir, Şöhret; Özkan, Şengül; Akpolat, NezahatSuccessful vaccination policies for protection from invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) dependent on determination of the exact serotype distribution in each country. We aimed to identify serotypes of pneumococcal strains causing IPD in children in Turkey and emphasize the change in the serotypes before and after vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) was included and PCV-13 was newly changed in Turkish National Immunization Program. Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were isolated at 22 different hospitals of Turkey, which provide healthcare services to approximately 65% of the Turkish population. Of the 335 diagnosed cases with S. pneumoniae over the whole period of 2008–2014, the most common vaccine serotypes were 19F (15.8%), 6B (5.9%), 14 (5.9%), and 3 (5.9%). During the first 5 y of age, which is the target population for vaccination, the potential serotype coverage ranged from 57.5 % to 36.8%, from 65.0% to 44.7%, and from 77.4% to 60.5% for PCV-7, PCV-10, and PCV-13 in 2008–2014, respectively. The ratio of non-vaccine serotypes was 27.2% in 2008–2010 whereas was 37.6% in 2011–2014 (p=0.045). S. penumoniae serotypes was less non-susceptible to penicillin as compared to our previous results (33.7 vs 16.5 %, p=0.001). The reduction of those serotype coverage in years may be attributed to increasing vaccinated children in Turkey and the increasing non-vaccine serotype may be explained by serotype replacement. Our ongoing IPD surveillance is a significant source of information for the decision-making processes on pneumococcal vaccination.Öğe Comparison of the results of sleeve gastrectomy, gastric pilication and liragulitide in obese rats(2023) Bilge, Hüseyin; Başol, Ömer; Yıldızhan, Eda; Ülger, Burak Veli; Temiz, Hakan; Akkuş, Murat; Yıldızhan, I.Obesity, which is generally seen in adults, is a serious health problem. Diseases caused by obesity are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Liraglutide (LG) is an analogue of glucagon-like peptide-1, which slows gastrointestinal motility, resulting in decreased food consumption. Gastric plication (GP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the reduction of stomach volume by surgical means. We examined and compared the body mass index (BMI) changes, metabolic changes and changes in gastric histology in obese rats after LG injection with surgical methods such as SG and GP. In this research, 35 Wistar Albino female rats were used. Rats were divided into 5 groups with 7 rats in each group. Group (G) 1: The control group, fed with a normal calorie diet for 8 weeks. G 2: Sham group, G 3: SG group, G 4: GP group and G 5: LG group, fed with high-calorie feed for 4 weeks. At the end of the 4th week, the study was terminated by making appropriate interventions for the groups. When the blood glucose (BG) levels measured at the beginning, 4th week and 8th week of the experiment were evaluated, it was monitored that the BG level at the 8th week was the lowest in the LG group (p<0.05). It was observed that the preop Ghrelin and Leptin levels of the LG group were lower than those of the SG and GP groups (p<0.05). As a consequence of our metabolic investigations, we observed that the use of LG is at least as effective as SG.Öğe Targeting soluble guanylate cyclase with Riociguat has potency to alleviate testicular ischaemia reperfusion injury via regulating various cellular pathways(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Şeker, Uğur; Kavak, Deniz Evrim; Güzel, Barış Can; Baygeldi, Saime Betül; Yüksel, Meral; Kandemir, Sevgi İrtegün; Şener, Dila; Demirel, Özlem UnayTesticular ischaemia reperfusion (I/R) injury results with serious dysfunctions in testis. This study aims to explore effects of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator Riociguat on experimental testicular I/R injury in rats. Twenty-one male rats were divided into three groups (Control, IR and IRR). The control group was not exposed to any application. Bilateral testis from IR and IRR animals were rotated 720° in opposite directions for 3 h to induce experimental testicular ischaemia. Animals in IR and IRR groups were subjected to 3 h of reperfusion. Isotonic and Riociguat were administered to the animals 30 min prior reperfusion by oral gavage. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and tissue samples were used for analyses. Riociguat treatment significantly decreased tissue malondialdehyde and Luminol levels compared to the IR group (p < 0.05). The pathological changes, pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Caspase 3, and Caspase 9) and apoptotic index in the IR group were down regulated in Riociguat treated animals (p < 0.05). Riociguat treatment was also significantly increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, but alleviated tissue injury via modulating pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β levels and significantly (p < 0.05) down-regulating NF-κB activity. Moreover, mTOR and ERK phosphorylation increased in IR group (p < 0.05), but Riociguat treatment reduced protein phosphorylation. Our experiment indicated that targeting sGC might support surgical interventions in testicular I/R injury by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic protein expression levels, but more detailed studies are required to explore the protective activity of Riociguat and underlying mechanisms in testicular I/R injury.Öğe Effects of 3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation on ghrelin, nesfatin-1, and irisin level in diabetic and healthy brains(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Bektaş, Hava; Algül, Şermin; Altındağ, Fikret; Yeğin, Korkut; Akdağ, Mehmet Zülküf; Daşdağ, SüleymanDiabetes, mobile phone use, and obesity have increased simultaneously in recent years. The radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted from mobile phones is largely absorbed in the heads of users. With 5 G, which has started to be used in some countries without the necessary precautions being taken, the amount of RFR to which living things are exposed will increase. In this study, the changes in energy homeostasis and redox balance caused by 5 G (3.5 GHz, GSM-modulated) were explored. The effects of RFR on the brains of diabetic and healthy rats were investigated and histopathological analysis was performed. Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into 4 groups as sham, RFR, diabetes, and RFR+diabetes groups (n = 7). The rats in each group were kept in a plexiglass carousel for 2 h a day for 30 days. While the rats in the experimental groups were exposed to RFR for 2 h a day, the rats in the sham group were kept under the same experimental conditions but with the radiofrequency generator turned off. At the end of the experiment, brain tissues were collected from euthanized rats. Total antioxidant (TAS), total oxidant (TOS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ghrelin, nesfatin-1, and irisin levels were determined. In addition, histopathological analyses of the brain tissues were performed. The specific absorption rate in the gray matter of the brain was calculated as 323 mW/kg and 195 mW/kg for 1 g and 10 g averaging, respectively. After RFR exposure among diabetic and healthy rats, decreased TAS levels and increased TOS and H2O2 levels were observed in brain tissues. RFR caused increases in ghrelin and irisin and a decrease in nesfatin-1 in the brain. It was also observed that RFR increased the number of degenerated neurons in the hippocampus. Our results indicate that 3.5 GHz RFR causes changes in the energy metabolism and appetite of both healthy and diabetic rats. Thus, 5 G may not be innocent in terms of its biological effects, especially in the presence of diabetes.Öğe Severe preeclampsia complicated by HELLP syndrome alters the structure of Hofbauer and syncytiotrophoblast cells: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study(Sciendo, 2023) Nergiz, Yusuf; Deveci, Engin; Sak, Erdal; Evsen, Sıddık; Tunik, Selçuk; Nergiz, Şebnem; Aşır, Fırat; Şeker, UğurBackground: Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome is generally considered to be a variant or complication of preeclampsia. It is a life-threatening obstetric complication. Objectives: To evaluate the immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural of syncytiotrophoblastand Hoffbauer cells in placental villi of patients with HELLP syndrome. Methods: Two groups of patients with a total of 50 full-term human placentas (n = 25 in each group) were assigned as the control (normotensive) and HELLP syndrome. Placental tissue samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and paraffin-embedding protocol was performed. We prepared 5 μm sections for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Sections were immunostained with Hoffbauer cell marker CD68. For transmission electron microscopy (TEM), placental tissue samples were fixed in 2.5% buffered glutaraldehyde and then, in 1% osmium tetroxide for routine ultrastructural examinations. Results: When the HELLP group fetal placental sections were examined, intracytoplasmic edema in syncytiotrophoblast, degenerative vacuoles, and degenerative findings on cell surface membranes were observed. Moreover, villous edema was remarkable. The number of CD68-positive Hoffbauer cells per villus control group sections was 0.23 ± 0.02 and the number of CD68-positive cells per villus in HELLP group placenta sections was 0.83 ± 0.12. The increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells per villus in the HELLP group was significant (P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, there was a significant increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells and syncytiotrophoblasts in the HELLP group, and degenerative changes were also observed in the ultrastructure of these cells. Conclusions: Pathology of the HELLP syndrome is in relation to CD68-positive placental macrophages.Öğe The protective effect of melatonin and Ganoderma lucidum against the negative effects of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields on pulp structure in rat teeth(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2017) Doğan, Mehmet Sinan; Yavaş, Mehmet Cihan; Günay, Ayşe; Yavuz, İzzet; Deveci, Engin; Akkuş, Zeki; Tanık, Abdülsamet; Akdağ, Mehmet ZülküfBackground/aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether Extremely low frequency electric and magnetic field (ELF-EMF) had any harmful effects on dental pulp tissue and examine histologically whether melatonin (MLT) and Ganoderma lucidum (GL) play a protective role against these harmful effects. Material and method: A total of 56 adult, male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. The rats were separated into 8 equal groups and were exposed to ELF-EMF, generated by high voltage source, for 8 hours/day for 26 days–Groups I, II and III and for 52 days-Groups V, VI and VII. For sham-control groups (Groups IV and VIII for 26 and 52 days), rats were placed into same experimental set-up as exposure groups and same procedure was applied except ELF-EMF exposure. GL (20 mg/kg/day) and MLT (10 mg/kg/day) were administered by oral gavage and the intraperitoneal route respectively. At the end of the study, the rats anterior teeth were examined immunohistochemicaly using vimentin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results: Degeneration in the odontoblast cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, dilatation of the blood vessels and haemorrhagic changes were determined in the pulp of the rats in Groups I and V. A statistically significant difference was determined in the groups treated with MLT and GL (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that exposure to ELF-EMF induced histological changes in the dental pulp of rats, the using of MLT and GL could have a protective effect against these effects.Öğe Seasonal effect on fatty acid composition in phospholipid classes and triacylglycerols of male Capoeta umbla(CSIC Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 2023) Kaçar, Semra; Kaya, Hacer Kayhan; Başhan, MehmetThe seasonal changes in muscle tissue, total lipids and fatty acid composition of phospholipids (PL), triacylglycerol (TAG), and phospholipid classes of male Capoeta umbla were investigated in this study. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine (PS) were identified as the major phospholipids (PLs) in the muscle tissue (PS). Triacylglycerols showed high contents of MUFA, 14:0, 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, and 18:3n-3; while phospholipids presented high contents of AA, DHA, and 18:0. Myristic acid, 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), linoleic acid (18:2n-6), and linolenic acid (18:3n-3) were shown to be present in larger concentrations in TAG than in PL classes. In PL classes, 16:0, 18:0, arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (ΣPUFA) were higher than the TAG fraction. The fatty acid composition of total lipid and lipid classes (TAG and PL) were affected by the seasonal variations and lipid fraction.Öğe Ecofriendly/Rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of waste parts of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and evaluation of their cytotoxic and antibacterial activities(Hindawi Limited, 2021) Baran, Ayşe; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Keskin, Cumali; Kandemir, Sevgi İrtegün; Valiyeva, Mahbuba; Mehraliyeva, Sevil; Khalilov, Rovshan; Eftekhari, AzizRecycling wastes and providing their use in useful fields attract attention every day. In our study, with the extract prepared from the parts of the Cynara scolymus L. (artichoke) plant that is not suitable for human consumption, silver nanoparticles were easily synthesized in an ec-friendly, energy-free way. Characterization of the obtained nanoparticles was done with a UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis.), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analysis data. In these data, it was determined that AgNPs have a maximum absorbance at 458.8 nm wavelength, a crystal nanosize of 28.78 nm, and a spherical appearance. The zeta potential of (-) 16.9 mV indicates that silver nanoparticles exhibit a stable structure. Particles show antimicrobial effects on pathogenic species at concentrations of 0.03-0.25 μg/ml, and it was determined by using the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) microdilution method. By examining their cytotoxic effects on U118, CaCo-2, and Skov-3 cancer cell lines and healthy HDF cell lines by the MTT method, concentrations of inhibitive effects on survival were determined.
