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    Biochemical and histopathological investigation of resveratrol, gliclazide, and losartan protective effects on renal damage in a diabetic rat model
    (Science Printers and Publishers Inc., 2015) Ezel T.; Kocyigit Y.; Deveci E.; Atamer Y.; Sermet A.; Uysal E.; Aktaş A.
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the protective effects of resveratrol, gliclazide, and losartan, at biochemical and histopathological levels, on the rat kidney with experimentally induced type 1 diabetes. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 35 adult male Wistar rats were divided into control, diabetic, diabetic gliclazide, diabetic resveratrol, and diabetic losartan groups. For biochemical analysis, based on one of the kidneys, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and catalase were used for measurement. The other kidney was stained for histochemical and immunohistochemical markers and examined by light microscopy. RESULTS: Nephropathy due to diabetes was developed at the end of the third week in the diabetic group: in the glomeruli, contraction from Bowman distance, diffuse mesangial matrix increasing and tubular dilation, and cytoplasmic vacuolar changes were observed. In tubulointerstitial areas, some tubular structures, an increased expression of VEGF was observed. CONCLUSION: As a result, in diabetic rats, the effects of gliclazide, resveratrol, and losartan cure were equivalent to each other according to the parameters which were followed. Resveratrol, gliclazide, and losartan significantly protected renal glomeruli and the proximal and distal tubules. © Science Printers and Publishers, Inc.
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    Effect of exercise on blood antioxidant status and erythrocyte lipid perodixation: Role of dietary supplementation of vitamin E
    (1999) Kelle M.; Diken H.; Sermet A.; Atmaca M.; Tumer C.
    We tested the effects of moderate physical exercise on the blood antioxidant capacity and erythrocyte lipid peroxidation in 21 Wistar albino rats. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased significantly (p<0.05) in control exercised animals (C-Ex), but catalase activity did not change. SOD activity was decreased by dietary supplementation of vitamin E (p<0.05). In vitamin E supplemented group (E-Ex), catalase activity was reduced in comparison to C-Ex group. Total glutathione (total GSH) level was unaffected by the exercise. However, significant reduction was observed in reduced glutathione (GSH), whereas oxidized glutathione (GSSG) increased (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). In E-Ex animals, total GSH and GSH were increased in comparison to C-Ex group. GSH/GSSG ratio decreased abnormally in both exercised groups (p<0.001). Serum cholesterol and uric acid levels increased significantly after exercise (p<0.05). The susceptibility of erythrocytes to in vitro peroxidation increased in C-Ex and E-Ex animals (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). Elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in serum attained statistical significance after exercise. However, this elevation was prevented by vitamin E supplementation. Our results indicated that moderate intensive treadmill running exercise was sufficient to result in muscle damage and increases in the susceptibility of erythrocytes to in vitro peroxidation. In addition, dietary supplementation of vitamin E is able to minimize oxidative damage caused by exercise.
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    Effect of fish oil on indometacin-induced gastric lesions in rats
    (1995) Guzel C.; Ulak G.; Sermet A.; Cicek R.; Ulak M.
    The effect of fish oil in promoting the healing of indometacin-induced gastric lesions was investigated in Wistar albino rats. After indometacin treatment (30 mg/kg, s.c.), animals were given fish oil, olive oil, or normal diet for 48 h. The ulcer index was found to be decreased to 2.1 ± 1.8 mm with fish oil, 13.7 ± 5.4 mm with olive oil, and 14.6 ± 2.4 mm with normal diet. Fish oil showed a potent healing-promoting effect on acute gastric erosions and ulcers induced by indometacin and significantly enhanced the mucus content of the mucosa (p < 0.05).
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    Effect of oral pyridoxine hydrochloride supplementation on in vitro platelet sensitivity to different agonists
    (1995) Sermet A.; Aybak M.; Ulak G.; Guzel C.; Denli O.
    Effect of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine-HCl, CAS 58-56-0) on platelet aggregation, plasma lipids and serum zinc level was investigated. The trial comprised 24 healthy male volunteers, aged between 19-24 years. The subjects were randomized in two groups of 12 and treated for 4 weeks by a single daily oral dose of 5 mg/kg vitamin B6 or placebo. Pyridoxine inhibited ADP- or epinephrine-induced aggregation by 48% and 41% (p < 0.001), respectively, whereas there was no change in control group. No significant effect on either, bleeding time, coagulation time or on platelet count was demonstrated in subjects given placebo. Pyridoxine prolonged both bleeding and coagulation time but not over the physiological limits. It had no effect on platelet count. These observations strongly suggest that vitamin B6, with no effect on platelet count, not only inhibits platelet aggregation but also prelongs clotting time. Pyridoxine significantly reduced total plasma lipid and cholesterol levels, whereas it enhanced HDL-cholesterol level. Serum zinc level was also significantly increased by pyridoxine (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that oral vitamin B6 inhibits platelet aggregation in normal subjects.
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    Effect of vitamin B6 intake on tissue zinc levels in the rat
    (1995) Sermet A.; Atmaca M.; Ulak G.; Diken H.; Ulak M.
    Effect of vitamin B6 intake on tissue zinc (Zn) concentrations was investigated in weanling, male Wistar albino rats (100-120 g). The animals were divided into two groups (n = 9) and treated for 4 weeks by intraperitoneal 5 mg/kg/day pyridoxine-HCl or placebo. The Zn content of the liver, spleen, right kidney and right femur were determined. Increases in weight gain in the control and Pyridoxine-treated group were 29.20 ± 1.43% and 51.20 ± 4.53%, respectively (P < 0.001). Dried weights of liver, kidney and femur were significantly higher than those of control group (p < 0.01; p < 0.02; p < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was observed between the serum Zn concentrations of the experimental and control group (P > 0.05). The Zn content of the liver, spleen, kidney and femur for both total and dry weight per gram of organ weight were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to controls. These findings suggested that pyridoxine affects Zn metabolism in young rats.
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    Insulin regulates plasma ghrelin concentrations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    (University of Dicle, 2014) Tasdemir E.; Obay B.D.; Bilgin H.M.; Sermet A.; Yildirim Y.; Kocyigit Y.
    Ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide produced in the stomach has shown to elicit peripheral actions including regulation of pancreatic ß-cell function. The aim of the study is to clarify the regulation of plasma ghrelin concentrations by insulin in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into control and three experimental groups as each group had 7 rats (n=28). To investigate the role of ghrelin in the hyperphagic response to uncontrolled diabetes, experimental groups of rats were injected once daily for 7 days with either STZ (70 mg/kg i.p.) or insulin subcutaneously (5-7 U). Plasma insulin, ghrelin and glucose concentrations were measured. STZ-induced diabetic rats were markedly hyperphagic as accompanied by hyperglycemia. Treatment of diabetic rats with insulin reversed these changes. STZ- induced diabetic rats had higher plasma ghrelin concentrations than control rats. Ghrelin levels were attenuated by the subcutaneous injection of insulin (5-7 U over 7 days). Insulin treatment also partially reversed hyperphagia observed in STZ- induced diabetic rats and there was a decrease in plasma ghrelin concentrations compared with STZ-INS pair fed rat. The results indicate that insulin treatment reverses elevated plasma ghrelin concentrations in STZ- induced diabetic rats suggesting the pathophysiological significance of ghrelin in diabetes.
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    Protective effect of fish oil against stress-induced gastric injury in rats
    (1995) Ulak G.; Cicek B.; Sermet A.; Guzel C.; Ulak M.; Denli O.
    The effect of fish oil and olive oil on the gastric mucosal damage induced by cold-restraint stress was investigated in rats. The oils were dietary supplemented for 3 weeks. The results demonstrate that a diet containing fish oil, when ingested for 3 weeks before exposure to stress, protected from gastric ulceration significantly (p < 0.01) and led to a statistically significant increase both in mucus and phospholipid content of the gastric mucosal barrier (p < 0.02 and p < 0.001, resp.) in cold-restraint stress-induced gastric injury in rats. However, further studies are required to determine the role of dietary fish oils in the prophylaxis and treatment of peptic ulcer.