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    CAN HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOMORPHOMETRICAL CHANGES BE INDUCED IN RAT MANDIBULAR CONDYLE FOLLOWING OVARIECTOMY AND LONG-TERM EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY MAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE?
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) Ulku, Sabiha Zelal; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Yavuz, Izzet; Celik, Mustafa Salih; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin
    The quantity and quality of maxillary and mandibular bone have long been a focus of attention for dental clinicians. The mandibular condyle is a major growth site and plays an important role during mandibular growth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of long-term extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) and hormonal changes produced by bilateral ovariectomy on the histologic and histomorphometric structure of rat mandibular condyle. Forty mature female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four different groups (n = 10): control (Cnt), ovariectomy (OVX), ELF-MF exposure (ELF-MF), ELF-MF exposure with OVX application (ELF-MF+OVX). All rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy except those in Cnt and ELF-MF groups. ELF-MF and ELF-MF+OVX groups were exposed to 1.5 mT ELF-MF during 6 months, 4 h a day After all applications, left condyle of rats were removed to examine histopathologically. Some histopathologic changes were observed, such as irregular appearance in bone marrow cavities in rat condyles of OVX, ELF-MF and ELF-MF+OVX groups. Some disorders in transition from hypertrophic field to ossification layer and irregular appearance in calcification were determined in OVX group. In OVX+ELF-MF and ELF-MF groups, there was significant disruption and latency in calcification and ossification areas. However, no significant differences were found in the thickness of the condylar cartilage layer between groups (P > 0.05). It was suggested that long-term ELF-MF exposure and ELF-MF exposure with ovariectomy application can affect the histologic structure of rats' condyle. Consequently, it was concluded that long-term ELF-MF exposure and ovariectomy application can induce histopathological changes in the structure of the condyle and ELF-MF exposure cannot alter ovariectomy-induced changes.
  • Küçük Resim
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    Composition of abomasal mucins in hair goats
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Karakoç, Zelal; Topaloğlu, Uğur; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin
    The mucosal epithelium of the digestive tract is covered by a layer of mucusthat protects against chemical, enzymatic and mechanical damage, and pathogenic microorganisms. We investigated the composition of the mucin in the abomasum of goat kids using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. We used 6 - 8-month-old goat kids; samples were collected from the cardia, fundus and pylorus regions of the abomasum. Alcian blue (pH.2.5)-PAS, Alcian blue (pH.2.5)-aldehyde fuchsin, phenylhydrazine-PAS histochemical staining methods were used as well as Muc1, Muc2, Muc5ac and Muc6 immunohistochemistry. We found that neutral mucins, carboxylic mucins and N-acetyl sialomucins were present in the stomachs of the kids. Muc1 was expressed in all glandular epithelium cells and was expressed intensely by the mucous neck cells in the fundus. Although Muc2 expression was not observed in the cardia and fundus, weak expression was found in the surface epithelial cells and mucus secreting cells of the pylorus. Muc5ac was expressed intensely in all glandular epithelial cells and in mucous neck cells of the fundus as well as mucus secreting cells in the pylorus. Moderately intense Muc6 expression also was found in the cardia and fundus; it was expressed intensely in the mucus secreting cells of the pylorus.
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    EXPRESSION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF GHRELIN, OBESTATIN, AND LEPTIN IN DEFERENT DUCTS OF THE BULL AND RAM
    (Univ Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, 2018) Saruhan, Berna Guney; Erdogan, Serkan; Topaloglu, Ugur; Akbalik, Mehmet Erdem; Bayram, Bayram; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin; Sagsoz, Hakan
    It is known that ghrelin, obestatin and leptin are involved in many biological processes such as appetite-energy regulation, growth hormone release and cell proliferation. In addition to these biological activities of in human and rodents, direct effects of these hormones on reproductive functions and regulation of smooth muscle contractions have gained importance in recent years. In mammals, gonadal functions are regulated by using a complex network of autocrine, paracrine and endocrine signals. The signals involved in the control of energy balance regulate reproductive functions by acting on different hypothalamic pituitary-gonadal axis. The underlying molecular mechanism of gonad is poorly understood and appears to be controlled on genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Ghrelin, obestatin and leptin, three recently discovered hormones, are especially co-expressed in endocrine cells. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the immunohistochemical expression and potential biological activity of bull and ram deferent ducts (DD) in relation to the tissue concentration of ghrelin, obestatin and leptin. Ghrelin, obestatin and leptin expression observed in the DD sections were restricted to the cytoplasm of the epithelial and muscle cells. Both ghrelin and leptin expressions were found in smooth muscle cells in muscular layer of DD and smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, and obestatin expression was found in the basal epithelial cells of the luminal epithelium. In conclusion, ghrelin, obestatin and leptin were expressed in varying concentrations in epithelial and muscle cells as well as blood vessels of the deferent ducts of both species. Given the multifunctional biological roles of these peptide hormones, we can suggest that these hormones function in the contraction and hypertrophy of smooth muscles, proliferation or apoptosis of epithelial and muscle cells in DD.
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    Histological Changes in the Gingival Tissues of Rats Subjected to Surgical Extraction of the Adrenal Glands
    (Medwell Online, 2009) Dag, Ahmet; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin; Zengingul, Ali Ihsan; Uysal, Ersin; Baskan, Zelal
    Hormones are specific regulatory molecules that have potent effects on the major determinants of the development and the integrity of the skeleton and oral cavity also including periodontal tissues. The aim of this study, is to investigate the effect of adrenalectomy on rat gingival tissue. Twenty-eight mature Wistar albino female and male rats divided randomly into 2 groups and in one group adrenalectomy was performed. After 21 days recovery period, Control and Experimental groups were sacrificed under Ketamin HCi anesthesia and clinical and histological observations were made. Microscopic findings, revealed significant changes in adrenalectomized rats. Hypertrophy and thickness of gingival epitelium was apparent in the gingival epithelium of ADX group. Increase in mitotic activity in stratum basale layer of gingival epitelium and increase in keratinisaton layer were observed in adrenalectomized rats. A decrease in collagen fibrils and irregularity of papilla was seen in adrenalectomized rats. Our findings demonstrate the importance of adrenal glands in the development of gingival tissue and suggest that adrenal glands deficiency is one mechanism, by which gingival disorder susceptibility may be increased.
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    Histological investigation of the impact of streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes on the healthy gingivae of rats
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Dag, Ahmet; Firat, Ela Tules; Uysal, Ersin; Ketani, Sennur; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin
    This study was aimed at the histological investigation of the impact of experimental diabetes on the healthy gingiva of rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15) prior to the experiment. Group 1 experimental diabetes was created by streptozotocin injection in 15 rats. Group 2 comprised the control group (15 rats). On the 7th, 14th and 21st days after the induction of diabetes by streptozotocin, five animals from each group were euthanized by cardiac puncture. The gingiva of the maxillary left first molar tooth of the sacrificed animals was extracted for histological examination. Histological examination demonstrated that, when compared to the control group, the diabetes group displayed marked hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis of the gingival epithelium on day 21 post-induction. Furthermore, the diabetes group presented with an increased number of inflammatory cells and vasodilatation of the capillaries, in comparison to the controls. The overall evaluation of the findings obtained in this study suggested that diabetes alone could cause changes in the periodontium and affect periodontal health.
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    IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALISATION OF OESTROGEN AND EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTORS OF THE BITCH UTERUS IN THE SEXUAL CYCLE
    (Natl Veterinary Research Inst, 2010) Ozyurtlu, Nihat; Sagsoz, Hakan; Saruhan, Berna Guney; Zonturlu, Abuzer Kaffar; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin; Akbalik, Mehmet Erdem
    The localisation of oestrogen (ER) and epidermal growth Factor receptors (EGFR) in the various cell types of the bitch uterine was determined. In this study, 23 adult, healthy crossbred bitches brought to the clinic for ovariohisterectomy were used. ER and EGFR positive staining was detected in all cell types of the uterus. A distinct staining was seen in the luminal and glandular epithelium; while stromal and myometrial cells showed weak or moderate staining. The endothelial and smooth muscle cells of the vessels in the endometrium and myometrium sometimes appeared positive. No staining was observed in the mesothelium. The results of this study suggested that ER and EGFR were expressed at various levels in different cell types of bitch uterus. In light of the previous studies, and data of the presented investigations, it may be necesssary to elicit the harmonious proliferation and differentiation of epithelial and stromal cells that are considered essential for the preparation of the uterus for implantation.
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    IMMUNOLOCALIZATION OF HOXA11 AND HLX PROTEINS IN COW PLACENTA DURING PREGNANCY
    (Univ Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, 2022) Topaloglu, Ugur; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin; Akbalik, Mehmet Erdem; Sagsoz, Hakan; Saruhan, Berna Guney; Bayram, Bayram
    In addition to its many functions, the placenta is characterized by the intensity and characteristics of its hormonal functions. It has been reported that the development and vascularization of the placenta with normal fetal growth is regulated by many factors such as growth factors, transcriptional factors, and homeobox proteins. This study was conducted to deter-mine the distribution and possible physiological roles of HOXA11 and HLX in the uterus and placenta of pregnant cows. In this study, 27 pregnant Holstein breed cow uteri and placentas obtained from private slaughterhouses were used as tissue samples. In order to determine the pregnancy period of the obtained uterus, the ages of the fetuses were calculated according to the age calculation formula. The uteri were classified under three different groups as the first (69-89 days), second (99-178 days), and third (190-269 days) periods of pregnancy so that there are 9 animals in each group. Tissue samples were then sub-jected to immunohistochemistryto demonstrate the presence of HOXA11 and HLX proteins. It was observed that HOXA11 and HLX immunoreactions occurred prominently in the luminal and glandular epithelial cells of the uterus during pregnancy, and the maternal epithelial cells of the placenta and UTC and TGC/BNCs. In addition, it was determined that HOXA11 immunore-action also formed in some vascular endothelial cells. Immunohistochemical findings in this study suggested that Hoxa11 and HLX may affect the proliferation and differentiation of cells in the uterus and placenta during pregnancy in cows, and that these proteins may contribute to normal uterine physiology, placentation formation, and continuity of pregnancy in cows.
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    Preliminary study of efficacy of hyaluronic acid on caustic esophageal burns in an experimental rat model
    (W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2013) Cevik, Muazez; Demir, Tuncer; Karadag, Cetin Ali; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin; Celik, Hakim; Kaplan, Davut Sinan; Boleken, Mehmet Emin
    Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid on the prevention of esophageal damage and stricture formation after experimental caustic (alkaline) esophageal injury in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups. A caustic esophageal burn was created following the Gehanno model: Group 1 (n=7) underwent operation, but no injury; Group 2 (n=7) was injured and left untreated; and Group 3 (n=7) was injured and treated with hyaluronic acid, first topically and then orally by gavage (2 x 0.3 mL; 12.5 mg/mL for 7 days). The caustic esophageal burn was created by instilling 25% NaOH into the distal esophagus. All rats were euthanized on day 22 for evaluation. The efficacy of hyaluronic acid treatment was assessed histopathologically and biochemically via blood determination of the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and sulfhydryl group (SH) and lipid hydroperoxidase (LOOH) levels. Statistical analyses were performed. Results: Weight gain was significantly lower in Group 2 than in the other two groups (P<0.05). The mean stenosis index, histopathologic damage score, TAS, TOS, OSI, and SH and LOOH levels were higher in Group 2 than in the other two groups. The mean stenosis index, inflammation, TAS, SH and OSI in Group 2 were significantly different than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid treatment is effective in treating damage and preventing strictures after caustic esophageal burn in rats. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    The role of estrogen receptors, erbB receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors, and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor in the development of the rat mammary gland
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Sagsoz, Hakan; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydin
    We identified the localization and distribution of cell-specific epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs erbB-1, erbB-2, erbB-3, erbB-4), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptors [VEGFRs VEGF-R1 (fit-1), VEGF-R2 (flk-1/KDR), VEGF-R3 (fit-4)], vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI), and estrogen receptor (ER), and determined whether or not these growth factors in rat mammary glands are functional Thirty-five adult female Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided Into five groups, each of which were at the 7th, 14th, and 21st day of pregnancy, 7th day post-delivery, and 7th day after weaning It was determined that erbB, VEGF and its receptors, VEGI, and ER stained at different intensities Intense staining was observed, in particular, in erbB receptors during pregnancy and involution, and also in VEGF and its receptors during lactation, while ER stained during the last periods of pregnancy and lactation In conclusion, the expression of erbB, VEGF and its receptors, and ER were determined at varying intensities at different sites of the mammary gland during pregnancy, lactation, and involution periods