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    ACUTE TOXIC EFFECTS OF METHYL ALCOHOL ON THE RAT BRAIN: THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF CAFFEIC ACID PHENETHYL ESTER
    (Carbone Editore, 2014) Cevik, Mehmet Ugur; Varol, Sefer; Yucel, Yavuz; Akil, Esref; Uzar, E.; Kaplan, I; Can, Yazgan Umit
    Background: Efficiency of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in reducing free radicals generated by oxidative stress has been previously reported. In the present study, the protective effect of CAPE on methyl alcohol (MeOH) induced oxidative damages on rat brain were presented. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: Control, methotrexate (MTX) alone, MTX+MeOH, and MTX+MeOH+CAPE (CAPE treatment). All animals except the control group were treated with MTX for 7 days. MTX was diluted in sterile saline and administered (0.3 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (ip). At the eighth day, MeOH was administered (3gm/Kg) (ip) in MeOH+MTX and CAPE treatment groups. Four hours after MeOH administration in the CAPE group rats were treated with 10 mu mol/kg CAPE (ip), serum physiologic (i.p.) in MeOH+MTX group. After eight hours, rats were anaesthetized and sacrificed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity were measured on the cerebral tissue. Results: MTX+MeOH group compared to the MTX alone group; a statistically significant increase in MDA levels (p = 0.042) were detected. In addition, MTX+MeOH group than MTX MTX alone group in led to a statistically significant decrease in PON-I activity (p = 0.018). CAPE treatment, significantly decrease in MDA levels was compared with MeOH+MTX (p = 0.001). However, CAPE treatment caused an increase on PON-I activity in MeOH group, which was statistically significant (p = 0.009). Conclusion: Consequently, it was demonstrated for the first time that CAPE prevents acute MeOH intoxication induced brain injury by reducing the increase in lipid peroxidation, and elevating the decrease in PON-1 activity.
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    Combination of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/CT in demonstrating dedifferentiation in castration-resistant prostate cancer
    (Elsevier France-Editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2023) Kepenek, F.; Can, C.; Komek, H.; Kaplan, I; Gundogan, C.; Ebinc, S.; Guzel, Y.
    Aim of the study. - In this study, we aimed to determine the factors affecting increased glucose metabolism, which is one of the dedifferentiation mechanisms, by using [18F]FDG and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).Materials and method. - Ninety-three patients with CRPC were included in the study. Gleason score (GS), and total PSA and free PSA levels of the patients were recorded. Patient-and organ-based evaluations were performed according to the lesion uptakes as follows: score 0: PSMA (-) FDG (-), score 1: PSMA (+) FDG (-), score 2: PSMA (+) FDG (+) (FDG < PSMA), score 3: PSMA (+) FDG (+) (FDG = PSMA), score 4: PSMA (+) FDG (+) (FDG > PSMA), and score 5: PSMA (-) FDG (+). scores 1 and 2 were classified as group 1, and scores 3 to 5 were classified as group 2.Results. - The median age of our patients was 70 (51-88) years. Eighty-eight patients (94.6%) were PSMA-positive, 78 patients (83.8%) were FDG-positive, and 89 patients (95.6%) were or PSMA or FDG positive. When the two groups were compared in terms of patient-based parameters, the median age and GS were found to be significantly higher in group 2. ROC analyses revealed that age and GS were significant in predicting group 2.Conclusion. - Since glucose metabolism can increase in CRPC patients with advanced age and high GS, we recommend combining [18F]FDG PET/CT with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT in routine clinical practice in order to identify this patient subset and refer them to additional therapies. ?@ 2023 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
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    The relationship between complete hydatidiform mole and serum Vitamin D level: a prospective case-control study
    (Verduci Publisher, 2022) Gunduz, R.; Deger, U.; Kaplan, I; Tepe, N. Bayramoglu; Tunc, S. Yaman; Icen, M. S.; Agacayak, E.
    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether or not there was a relations-hip between complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) and serum Vitamin D level by comparing CHM patients with two control groups and to determi-ne whether or not Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for CHM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospec-tive study included 30 patients diagnosed with CHM (case group), 30 patients in the first trimes-ter of a healthy pregnancy (control group), and 30 healthy non-pregnant subjects (control group). A record was made of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D vitamin) levels, age, body mass index (BMI), gravida, parity, and the number of abortus. The serum 25-OH D vitamin levels were examined in each group and compared between groups. RESULTS: The 25-OH D vitamin level of all the patients in the study was determined as 11.16 +/- 8.64 ng/mL. No significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of 25 OH-D vitamin levels. When comparisons were made between the four subgroups according to the 25-OH-D level, no significant difference was determined between the CHM and control groups. When the patients were separated as obese and non-obese groups, no significant dif-ference was determined between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Severe deficiency, deficien-cy, or insufficient levels of serum Vitamin D are not thought to be risk factors for CHM patients.
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    Serum endocan levels in multiple sclerosis relapse and remission
    (Verduci Publisher, 2021) Akil, E.; Alp, R.; Aluclu, M. U.; Acar, A.; Kaplan, I
    OBJECTIVE: Endocan has been defined as an important marker of inflammatory diseases, vascular and endothelial injury, tumour progression, cell adhesion and angiogenesis. In our study, we compared the serum endocan, C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil- lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients in remission and in relapse. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included 53 RRMS remission patients, 30 RRMS relapse/post-relapse patients and 44 healthy volunteers. Blood samples were collected once from RRMS patients in remission and from the control group. and twice from RRMS relapse patients: once when relapsing and another 1 month after relapse. The endocan, CRP and NLR levels of the RRMS patients measured while in relapse. 1 month after relapse and while in remission were compared to those of the control group. The studied parameters were compared with the disease duration, relapse frequency, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, applied treatment and lesion burden assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: The endocan, CRP and NLR levels were significantly higher in the RRMS group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The serum endocan levels were found to be significantly higher in the RRMS relapse group than in the post-relapse and control groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant correlations between the disease duration. EDSS score, relapse frequency and lesion burden on MRI and the endocan, CRP and NLR values (p > 0.05). According to the correlation analysis, there was a statistically strong positive relationship between the MRI lesion localisation and the EDSS score, disease duration and relapse frequency (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Endocan increase is a marker of the endothelial injury that develops secondary to the inflammatory process in MS patients. It can thus be considered a moderately good indicator of relapse.
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    Serum GDF-15 level in rheumatoid arthritis: relationship with disease activity and subclinical atherosclerosis
    (Publisaude-Edicoes Medicas Lda, 2017) Tanrikulu, O.; Sariyildiz, M. A.; Batmaz, I; Yazmalar, L.; Polat, N.; Kaplan, I; Cevik, R.
    Objectives: Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 was originally identified as a factor secreted by activa ted macrophages, and plays an important role in cell growth and differentiation. GDF-15 plays an important role in cell growth, signal transduction, and apoptosis regulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum GDF-15 levels and their relationship with di sease- related characteristics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials and methods: Forty-six patients diagnosed with RA and 36 demographically matched healthy control subjects participated in this study. GDF-15 levels were measured in blood samples from patients and controls. The disease activity score-28 (DAS28) was used to evaluate the disease activity of RA. The quality of life was evaluated using the disease-specific rheumatoid arthritis quality of life (RAQoL) scale. The health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) was used to evaluate the functional status. The degree of joint damage was assessed according to Larsen's method. Atherosclerosis was assessed by a cardiologist with the help of echocardiography according to the carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) method; vascular stiffness was assessed by using the flow mediated dilatation (FMD) method. Results: Serum GDF-15 levels were significantly hi gher in RA patients when compared to the control sub jects (p< 0.05). RA patients were divided into two groups according to the disease activity; while 26 subjects (57%) were in the active group, 20 patients were in the non-active group (43%). Serum GDF-15 levels were significantly higher in the group that was considered to have an active disease. According to Pearson's correlation, serum GDF-15 levels were positively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) le vels, morning stiffness, DAS28 score, tender joint count, and CIMT (p<0.05). Conclusion: GDF-15 may play a role in the pathway of disease activity, joint involvement, and atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.