Yemek fabrikası çalışanlarının portör muayenelerinin değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2016
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
AMAÇ: Bu araştırma, Diyarbakır il merkezindeki yemek fabrikalarında çalışanlarda portör sıklığını (gaitada salmonella, shigella ve parazit yönünden, burunda stafilokok yönünden ve boğazda Streptokok yönünden) belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. YÖNTEM: Kesitsel tipte olan bu araştırma, 15 Kasım 2009 – 30 Aralık 2009 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Diyarbakır il merkezinde Tarım Müdürlüğü kayıtlarına göre 15 yemek fabrikası ve yemek fabrikalarında toplam 568 personel çalışmaktadır. Örnek seçiminde yemek fabrikalarının tüm çalışanları hedeflenmiştir. Bazı çalışanların çok erken saatlerde il veya ilçelerdeki kurumlara yemek götürdükleri ve akşama doğru fabrikaya döndükleri için örneğe dahil edilmemiştir. Bu yolla, Diyarbakır’da 252 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır ve 237 kişiden burun, boğaz örnekleri ve 217 kişiden ise dışkı örnekleri alınmıştır. İstatistiksel analizde Ki-kare, Fisher’s Exact testleri kullanıldı. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlılık düzeyi için p<0.05 alındı. BULGULAR: Araştırma grubunun yaşları 14–59 yaş arasında değişmekte olup, %93,7’sini erkek çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Çalışanların %41,0’i ilkokul mezunu, %28,5’i ortaokul mezunu ve %25,7’si ise lise mezunudur. Çalışanların %6,9’unun herhangi bir sağlık güvencesi olmadığı ve sağlık güvencesi olanların büyük çoğunluğunu (%77,4) SSK olduğu saptanmıştır. Aylık gelirlerine göre %73’u 750 TL altında almaktadır. Çalışanların büyük çoğunluğu Diyarbakır il merkezinde (%97,2) ve apartman dairesinde (%70,2) yaşamaktadır. Ortalama hane büyüklüğü 5,8±2,1dir. Çalışanların %95,6’sı şebeke suyunu içtiğini, % 98,4’ü kanalizasyona bağlı tuvaleti kullandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Tuvaletlerin %5,2’si evin dışında bulunmaktadır. Çalışanların %7,3’ü aynı zamanda evde hayvan beslediklerini ve % 5,3’ü ise bağ-bahçe işlerinde çalıştığını belirtmiştir. Mesleklerine göre çalışanların büyük çoğunluğunu (%61,6) garson ve aşçılar oluşturmaktadır. Çalışanlarının %6,4’ünün son 15 gün içinde ishal olduğunu belirtmiştir. Çalışanların %40,3’ün portör muayene kartı olmadığını belirtmiştir. Çalışanların %81,5’i portör muayenelerini son 6 ay içinde yaptıklarını, %18,5’i ise en son yaptıkları portör muayeneleri üzerinden 6 aydan daha fazla süre geçtiğini belirtmiştir. Çalışanların; boğazında A grubu Beta Hemolitik Streptokok (AGBHS) taşıyıcılığı % 9,3, burunda Staphylococcus aureus taşıyıcılığı %7,6, bağırsakta parazit taşıyıcılığı ise % 7,4 olmak üzere toplam çalışanların %19,9’unda en az bir taşıyıcılık olduğu saptanmıştır. Hiçbirinde gaita kültüründe salmonella ve shigella rastlanmamıştır. SONUÇ: Araştırmamızdan elde edilen verilere göre; çalışanların % 40,3’ünün portör muayene kartının olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışanlarda ishal olanların ishal olmayanlara göre parazit görülme sıklığı 14,1 kat daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Evde kullanılan tuvaleti kanalizasyona bağlı olmayan ve tuvaleti evin dışında olan çalışanlarda gaitada parazit görülme sıklığı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Burunda s.aureus taşıyıcılığı aşçılarda diğer çalışanlarına göre 5,49 kat daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Evde hayvan besleyen çalışanlarda, beslemeyen çalışanlara göre 4,5 kat daha fazla boğazda AGBHS taşıyıcılığı olduğu bulunmuştur. ANAHTAR SÖZCÜKLER: Gıda Çalışanları, Portör Muayenesi, Staphylococcus Aureus, A Grubu Beta Hemolitik Streptokok, Bağırsakta parazit
PURPOSE : This research has been done to determine porter rate (in terms of salmonella, shigella and parasite in human excrement, staphylococcus in nose, and streptococcus in throat) among the employees working in catering companies at Diyarbakir city center. METHOD: This research which is cross-sectional was carried out between 15 November 2009 and 30 December 2009. Agriculture Directorate’s records show that there are 15 catering companies and 568 employees working in these companies at Diyarbakir city center. All employees of catering companies were target for sampling. Some employees were not included in this sampling, because they cater for institutions in city or counties at the wee hours and return to the company towards evening. So, at Diyarbakir, questionnaires were conducted to 252 person, nose and throat samples were taken from 237 person and also excrement samples were taken from 217 person. Chi-squared and fisher’s exact tests were used in statistical analysis. P<0.05 was taken into account for significance level as statistical. FINDINGS: Research staff’s ages vary between 14 and 59, and 93.7% of them are men. 41.0% of them are primary school graduate, 28.5% of them are secondary school graduate and 25.7% of them are high school graduate. It is determined that 6.9% of these employees do not have any health insurance and majority of them who have health insurance (77.4%) have SSK. 73% of them earn below 750 TL in a month. The great majority of the employees live in Diyarbakir city center (97.2%) and apartment house (70.2%). The average house size is 5.8±2.1. While 95.6% of the employees stated that they drink city water, 98.4% of them reported that they use rest room up to drain. 5.2% of the rest rooms were at outside of the houses. 7.3% of the employees stated that they have a pet and also 5.3% of them said that they deal with vineyards and orchards. In terms of their jobs, the majority of them (61.6%) are waitstaff and cook. 6.4% of them stated that they have had diarrhea in the last 15 days. 40.3% of them do not have porter check card. 81.5% of them stated that they have had porter check in the last 6 months and 18.5% of them had their last check before 6 months. It is determined that in employees’ throat group A beta hemolytic streptococcus (AGBHS) carrier rate is 9.3%, in their nose staphylococcus aureus carrier rate is 7.6% and in their intestine parasite carrier rate is 7.4%. Salmonella and shigella have not been found in their excrement culture. 19,9 % of them were detected a carrier at the very least. RESULTS : According to our research, 40.3% of the employees do not have porter check card. Employees having diarrhea have 14.1% times more parasite rate than the others who do not have diarrhea. In addition, risk of parasite is higher in excrement of employees whose rest room up to drain and is at outside. Staphylococcus aureus carrier rate in nose is 5.49 times higher in cooks than the other employees. Employees who have pets at their home have AGBHS carrier rate in their throat 4.5 times more than the others. KEY WORDS: Food Workers, Porter Check, Staphylococcus Aureus, Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus, Intestine’s Parasite
PURPOSE : This research has been done to determine porter rate (in terms of salmonella, shigella and parasite in human excrement, staphylococcus in nose, and streptococcus in throat) among the employees working in catering companies at Diyarbakir city center. METHOD: This research which is cross-sectional was carried out between 15 November 2009 and 30 December 2009. Agriculture Directorate’s records show that there are 15 catering companies and 568 employees working in these companies at Diyarbakir city center. All employees of catering companies were target for sampling. Some employees were not included in this sampling, because they cater for institutions in city or counties at the wee hours and return to the company towards evening. So, at Diyarbakir, questionnaires were conducted to 252 person, nose and throat samples were taken from 237 person and also excrement samples were taken from 217 person. Chi-squared and fisher’s exact tests were used in statistical analysis. P<0.05 was taken into account for significance level as statistical. FINDINGS: Research staff’s ages vary between 14 and 59, and 93.7% of them are men. 41.0% of them are primary school graduate, 28.5% of them are secondary school graduate and 25.7% of them are high school graduate. It is determined that 6.9% of these employees do not have any health insurance and majority of them who have health insurance (77.4%) have SSK. 73% of them earn below 750 TL in a month. The great majority of the employees live in Diyarbakir city center (97.2%) and apartment house (70.2%). The average house size is 5.8±2.1. While 95.6% of the employees stated that they drink city water, 98.4% of them reported that they use rest room up to drain. 5.2% of the rest rooms were at outside of the houses. 7.3% of the employees stated that they have a pet and also 5.3% of them said that they deal with vineyards and orchards. In terms of their jobs, the majority of them (61.6%) are waitstaff and cook. 6.4% of them stated that they have had diarrhea in the last 15 days. 40.3% of them do not have porter check card. 81.5% of them stated that they have had porter check in the last 6 months and 18.5% of them had their last check before 6 months. It is determined that in employees’ throat group A beta hemolytic streptococcus (AGBHS) carrier rate is 9.3%, in their nose staphylococcus aureus carrier rate is 7.6% and in their intestine parasite carrier rate is 7.4%. Salmonella and shigella have not been found in their excrement culture. 19,9 % of them were detected a carrier at the very least. RESULTS : According to our research, 40.3% of the employees do not have porter check card. Employees having diarrhea have 14.1% times more parasite rate than the others who do not have diarrhea. In addition, risk of parasite is higher in excrement of employees whose rest room up to drain and is at outside. Staphylococcus aureus carrier rate in nose is 5.49 times higher in cooks than the other employees. Employees who have pets at their home have AGBHS carrier rate in their throat 4.5 times more than the others. KEY WORDS: Food Workers, Porter Check, Staphylococcus Aureus, Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus, Intestine’s Parasite
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gıda çalışanları, Food workers, Portör muayenesi, Porter check, Staphylococcus aureus, A grubu beta hemolitik streptokok, Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus, Bağırsakta parazit, Intestine’s parasite
