Gümüş nanopartiküllerin Termofilik Geobacillus vulcani 2CX ve enzimleri üzerindeki etkileri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Dicle Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Son yıllarda gerek endüstriyel sektörde gerekse ev uygulamalarında nanopartiküllerin kullanımının hızlı bir şekilde artması, bu tür malzemelerin doğaya daha fazla salınmasına neden olmuştur. Nanopartiküllerle tasarlanmış bu malzemelerin çevresel süreçler ve bunları gerçekleştiren organizmalar üzerindeki etkileri tam olarak ölçülememektedir. Bu bilgi boşluğu göz önünde alındığında bu çalışmada çeşitli konsantrasyonlarda (62,5-1000 ?g mL-1) gümüş nanopartiküllerin (AgNP), termofilik Geobacillus vulcani 2Cx bakterisinin büyümesi, hücre iç membran geçirgenliği, nanopartikülerle etkileşimi, hücre morfolojisi, fizyolojik aktiviteleri üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. G. vulcani 2Cx için artan AgNP konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak bakterilerin büyüme inhibisyonu incelendiğinde kontrole kıyasla 62,5 ?g mL?1 AgNP varlığında bakterilerin büyümesinde %71 iken 1000 ?g mL?1 AgNP varlığında %96 inhibisyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan hücre morfolojisi (TEM deneyleri), NP ile etkileşim (FT-IR deneyleri) hücre duvarı, hücre zarı yapılarının ve hücredeki protein ve DNA yapısının bozunmuş olabileceğini göstermektedir. Artan AgNP konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak hücre canlılığının azaldığı ve 62,5 ?g mL-1 AgNP konsantrasyonunda G. vulcani 2Cx %62'lik değeriyle en yüksek hücre canlılığını göstermektedir. G. vulcani 2Cx'in süperoksit üretimi ile ilgili 570 nm'deki spektral ölçümlerine bakıldığında, 62,5 ?g mL-1 AgNP varlığında 1,6 iken 1000 ?g mL-1 AgNP varlığında 2,28 absorbans değerine sahip olduğu belirlendi. Nanopartiküllerin doza bağlı olarak süperokist üretiminde önemli bir artışa neden olduğunu tespit edildi. Enzim biyosentezinin artan AgNP konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak azaldığı, enzim aktivitesinin 62,5 ?g mL-1 AgNP varlığında %41, 500 ?g mL-1 AgNP varlığında ise %29 olduğu belirlendi. AgNP'nin enzim salgılanması üzerindeki etkisi incelendiğinde, kontrolle kıyaslandığında G. vulcani 2Cx için enzim sekresyonunun 250 mg mL-1 AgNP varlığında %32 olduğu belirlendi. Bu nedenle, AgNP'lerin yakın ilişkili mikroorganizmalara uygulanması durumunda güçlü antibakteriyel etkiler gösterebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
In recent years, the rapid increase in the use of nanoparticles both in the industrial sector and in home applications has caused such materials to be released into the nature more. The effects of these materials designed with nanoparticles on environmental processes and the organisms that perform them cannot be measured exactly. Considering this information gap, the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) at various concentrations (62,5-1000 ?g mL-1) on the growth of thermophilic Geobacillus vulcani 2Cx bacteria, cell membrane permeability, interaction with nanoparticles, cell morphology, and physiological activities was aimed in this study. When the growth inhibition of bacteria due to increased AgNP concentration for G. vulcani 2Cx was examined and compared to the control, it was determined that the growth of bacteria was 71% in the presence of 62,5 ?g mL-1 AgNP while it was 96% in the presence of 1000 ?g mL?¹AgNP. The cell morphology (TEM experiments) and interaction with NP (FT-IR experiments) show that the cell wall, cell membrane structures and the protein and DNA structure in the cell may be degraded. Cell viability decreased with increasing AgNP concentration and G. vulcani 2Cx showed the highest cell viability with 62% at 62,5 ?g mL?¹ AgNP concentration. When the spectral measurements of G. vulcani 2Cx related to superoxide production at 570 nm were examined, it was determined that it had an absorbance value of 1,6 in the presence of ?g mL?¹ AgNP and 2,28 in the presence of 1000 ?g mL?¹ AgNP. It was determined that nanoparticles caused a significant increase in superoxide production depending on the dose and that the enzyme biosynthesis decreased with increasing AgNP concentration. Thus, the enzyme activity was 41% in the presence of 62,5 ?g mL-1 AgNP and 29% in the presence of 500 ?g mL-1AgNP. When the effect of AgNP on enzyme secretion was examined, it was determined that the enzyme secretion for G. vulcani 2Cx was 32% in the presence of 250 mg mL-1 AgNP when compared to the control. Therefore, it was concluded that AgNPs could exert strong antibacterial effects when applied to closely related microorganisms.
In recent years, the rapid increase in the use of nanoparticles both in the industrial sector and in home applications has caused such materials to be released into the nature more. The effects of these materials designed with nanoparticles on environmental processes and the organisms that perform them cannot be measured exactly. Considering this information gap, the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) at various concentrations (62,5-1000 ?g mL-1) on the growth of thermophilic Geobacillus vulcani 2Cx bacteria, cell membrane permeability, interaction with nanoparticles, cell morphology, and physiological activities was aimed in this study. When the growth inhibition of bacteria due to increased AgNP concentration for G. vulcani 2Cx was examined and compared to the control, it was determined that the growth of bacteria was 71% in the presence of 62,5 ?g mL-1 AgNP while it was 96% in the presence of 1000 ?g mL?¹AgNP. The cell morphology (TEM experiments) and interaction with NP (FT-IR experiments) show that the cell wall, cell membrane structures and the protein and DNA structure in the cell may be degraded. Cell viability decreased with increasing AgNP concentration and G. vulcani 2Cx showed the highest cell viability with 62% at 62,5 ?g mL?¹ AgNP concentration. When the spectral measurements of G. vulcani 2Cx related to superoxide production at 570 nm were examined, it was determined that it had an absorbance value of 1,6 in the presence of ?g mL?¹ AgNP and 2,28 in the presence of 1000 ?g mL?¹ AgNP. It was determined that nanoparticles caused a significant increase in superoxide production depending on the dose and that the enzyme biosynthesis decreased with increasing AgNP concentration. Thus, the enzyme activity was 41% in the presence of 62,5 ?g mL-1 AgNP and 29% in the presence of 500 ?g mL-1AgNP. When the effect of AgNP on enzyme secretion was examined, it was determined that the enzyme secretion for G. vulcani 2Cx was 32% in the presence of 250 mg mL-1 AgNP when compared to the control. Therefore, it was concluded that AgNPs could exert strong antibacterial effects when applied to closely related microorganisms.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
AgNP, β- galaktosidaz, Geobacillus vulcani, MIC, MTT, TEM, β-galactosidase
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Tunç, A. (2023). Gümüş nanopartiküllerin Termofilik Geobacillus vulcani 2CX ve enzimleri üzerindeki etkileri. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Dicle Üniversitesi, Diyarbakır.
