Zootekni ve Hayvan Besleme Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/11468/1551

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Effects of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) and toll like receptor 2 (TLR 2) gene polymorphisms on clinical outcomes in acute non-biliary pancreatitis patients
(Frontiers Media SA, 2024) Anılır, Ender; Özen, Filiz; Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil
Introduction: In this retrospective study, it was aimed to evaluate effects of Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and Toll Like Receptor 2 (TLR 2) gene polymorphisms on clinical outcomes in acute non-biliary pancreatitis patients. Methods: A total of 108 acute non-biliary pancreatitis patients (ANBP) were retrospectively subjected to the study. Gender, age, number of attacks, hospitalization duration, amylase, lipase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), leukocyte, C-reactive protein (CRP), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, Atlanta score, ultrasonography (USG), Computer Tomography (CT) and patient outcome differences between TLR 4 Rs4986790, TLR 4 Rs4986791 and TLR 2 groups were evaluated. Results: According to TLR 4 Rs4986790 groups, females were significantly common in AA sequence (AA) group with statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Leukocyte mean of AG sequence (AG) group was significantly higher than of AA group (p<0.05). All parameter differences between TLR 4 Rs4986791 and TLR 2 groups were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). there was a statistically significant correlation between TLR 4 Rs4986790 and gender (r=0.265; p<0.01), Leukocyte (r=0.200; p<0.05) and Pseudocyst (r=0.203; p<0.05). TLR 4 Rs4986790 gene polymorphism had significant effect on leukocyte level in acute non-biliary pancreatitis patients (OR: -0.1.900; p<0.05). Predictive value of leukocyte for TLR 4 Rs4986790 was statistically significant (Area Under Curve: 0.624; p<0.05). For 7.65 leukocyte cut off value, sensitivity for AA gene polymorphism was 84.2% and specificity was 40.5% Conclusion: Although the clinical and outcome parameters of ANBP patients in terms of TLR 4 Rs4986791 and TLR 2 do not show significant differences, research findings point to the diagnostic value of patients’ leukocyte parameters in determining TLR-4 Rs4986790 ploimorphism groups.
Effects of essential oil mixtures on expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in geese (Anser anser)
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Aydın, Özlem Durna; Hitit, Mustafa; Usta, Zafer; Yıldız, Gültekin; Saçaklı, Pınar; Kaplan, Oktay; Merhan, Oğuz
The use of essential oils has recently increased in the poultry sector. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of essential oil mixture (juniper, mint, oregano and rosemary oil) on fatty acid oxidation and lipogenic gene expression in geese. Research groups were formed as C (control; no additives), EK1 (0.4 ml/l essential oil mixture supplemented) and EK2 (0.8 ml/l essential oil mixture supplemented). Relative expression levels of genes included in lipogenesis (ACCα, ChREBP, FASN, LXRα and SREBP-1) expression levels of genes included in fatty acid oxidation (ACOX1, CPT1, CPT1A, PPARα and PPARγ) were measured using RT-qPCR. Group EK1 upregulates the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in lipogenesis such as ACCα, ChREBP and SREBP-1, while it downregulates the mRNA expression in levels of all genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. Group EK2 increases the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in lipogenesis such as ACCα, FASN and SREBP-1, while it decreased mRNA expression at the levels of all genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, as in the other group. In the study, adding an essential oil mixture to drinking water is predicted to increase fatty liver because it upregulates genes related to fat synthesis (lipogenesis) and downregulates genes related to fat degradation (fatty acid oxidation).
Effects of use of conventional and sexed semen on conception rate, calf sex, calf birth weight, and stillbirth in Holstein heifers
(TUBITAK, 2023) Bayrıl, Tahir
Pregnancy rate is low in artificial insemination with sexed semen compared to conventional semen. This situation poses a major problem for dairy farms. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of semen type on conception rate, calf sex and birth weight, stillbirth, pregnancy loss, and postpartum maternal body weight (MBW) in Holstein heifers inseminated with sexed (n = 229), and conventional semen (n = 153). The female and male calf ratios of the heifers inseminated with sexed and conventional semen were found to be 88% to 54.8% and 12% to 45.2%, respectively. There was a significant difference between sperm type and calf sex (p < 0.001). While 36.7% of calves between 34 and 36 kg birth weights were born from heifers inseminated with sexed semen, 15.7% were born from heifers inseminated with conventional semen. Moreover, 46% and 17.3% of calves that had birth weights of 36.1-38.1 kg and > 38.2 kg were born from heifers inseminated with sexed semen while 40% and 44.3% were born from heifers inseminated with conventional semen, respectively. A statistically significant relationship was found between semen type and calf birth weights (p < 0.001). After calving, there was a significant difference between semen type and MBW after calving (p < 0.001). In the sexed and conventional semen groups, the MBW after calving was found to range from 11.3% to 23.5% in the 400-460 kg, 46.7% to 57.4% in the 461-511 kg, and 42% to 19.1% in the 512-587 kg weight categories, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between sperm type and mean gestation length and calf birth weight, pregnancy loss, stillbirth rate, and weaning calf mortality rates. There was a strong positive correlation between semen type, sex, and calf birth weight. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the MBW, the gestation period and the survival status of the calves. It was determined that there was a minor positive relationship between the insemination season and the gestation period, MBW, and the survival status of the calves. Our results demonstrated that with careful and consistent application of herd management program in dairy cattle farms, the rates of pregnancy obtained with sexed and conventional semen will increase, whilst parameters such as stillbirth and pregnancy loss will decrease.
Studying the C1772T polymorphism of Hif-1? and TGF-?3 IVS5+104 A/G polymorphism in children with congenital non-syndromic neural tube defects and their mothers
(Cellular and Molecular Biology Association, 2018) Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil; Koçak, Nadir
Prevalence of neural tube defect (NTD) has reduced after folic acid intake. However; which mechanisms are effective in NTD are not known exactly. In this study; due to the possible effects on hypoxic pathway and embryonic development, particularly on extracellular matrix components, Hif-1α Pro582Ser and TGF-β3 IVS5+104 A/G SfaN1 polymorphisms were studied by PCR-RFLP method both on children with NTDs and mothers. Statistical differences were seen for Hif-1α and TGF-β3 IVS5+104 A/G SfaN1 polymorphisms in children with NTDs but no difference was seen in mothers. Both genes are effective on many pathways and our results suggest that regulation of extracellular matrix components of children during fetal life is important in neural tube defects formation. The results of this study show that Hif-1α Pro582Ser and TGF-β3 IVS5+104 A/G SfaN1 polymorphisms may play a role in NTDs.
Elevated expression levels of COX-2, IL-8 and VEGF in colon adenocarcinoma
(Cellular and Molecular Biology Association, 2023) Uslukaya, Ömer; Yeǧin, Zeynep; Taşkesen, Fatih; Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil
There is growing evidence of a connection between inflammation and tumor development and N F - K B is an important transcription factor in the inflammation pathway. Genetic approaches have proven the role of N F - K B responsive genes in tumorigenesis. The N F - K B responsive genes products such as IL-8, 'VEGF and COX-2 are the key components of angiogenesis. MMP-2 and MMP-9 are playing important roles in the disruption of the extracellular matrix that may contribute to the metastasis of tumor cells. This study aimed to investigate gene expression levels of COX-2, IL-8, VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in colon tumors. A total of 34 fresh colon carcinoma specimens and paired normal adjacent tissues (NAT) were collected during the surgery and RNA isolations were carried out from specimens. Synthesis of cDNA was carried out from these RNAs with oligo dT18 primers. The transcribed cDNA was used for PCR amplification reactions for the investigated genes with p-actin being the internal reference via the semi-quantitative RT-PCR method. A statistically significant difference was observed for COX-2, IL-8 and VEGF which were all upregulated in colon tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues (p[removed]0.05). Upregulated expression levels of COX-2, IL-8 and VEGF might occur in the early stages of tumorigenesis and detection of these mRNA levels may be beneficial for early diagnosis and management of colon tumors.
Expression of GRP78 and its copartners in HEK293 and pancreatic cancer cell lines (BxPC-3/PANC-1) exposed to MRI and CT contrast agents
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023) Azzawri, Ali Ahmed; Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil; Yeğin, Zeynep; Duşak, Abdürrahim
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated chaperones trigger a defense mechanism called as unfolded protein response (UPR) which can manage apoptosis and be determinative in cell fate. Both anticancer drug effects and potential toxicity effects of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) contrast agents were aimed to be evaluated. For this purpose, we investigated expression profiles of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated chaperone molecules in human pancreatic tumor lines BxPC-3 and PANC-1 and control human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK293) induced with a variety of gadolinium and iohexol contrast agents. Protein expression levels of ER stress-associated chaperones (master regulator: GRP78/Bip and its copartners: Calnexin, Ero1, PDI, CHOP, IRE1α and PERK) were evaluated with Western blotting. Expression levels at mRNA level were also assessed for GRP78/Bip and CHOP with real-time PCR. Induction of cells was carried out with four different Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs): (Dotarem, Optimark, Primovist and Gadovist) and two different iohexol agents (Omnipol, Omnipaque). CT contrast agents tested in the study did not result in significant ER stress in HEK293 cells. However, they do not seem to have theranostic potential in pancreas cancer through ER pathway. The potential efficiency of macrocyclic MRI contrast agents to provoke apoptosis via ER stress-associated chaperones in BxPC-3 cells lends credibility for their future theranostic use in pancreas cancer as long as undesired toxicity effects were carefully considered. ER stress markers and/or contrast agents seem to have promising potential to be translated into the clinical practice to manage pancreas cancer progression.
Effects of dietary stevia and ginger extracts on fattening performance, organ weights and serum biochemical parameters in quails exposed to heat stress
(Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Science, 2023) Bayrıl, Tahir
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of stevia and ginger extracts (SGE) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, organ weights and antioxidant activity in quails under heat stress (HS). A total of 180, 6-week-old male quails were divided into four groups, five quails each, with six replicates. The added extract doses were: 0 (control), 0.5 and 1.0% of the diet for treatments 1-6, respectively. The thermoneutral group (TN) was kept at a temperature of 21 ± 2 °C for 28 days, and the heat stress group (HS) was exposed to 21 ± 2 °C for 18 h and 33 ± 2 °C (10.00-16.00) for 6 h. HS exposure adversely affected performance parameters compared to quails kept at TN, as reflected by lower final body weight (FBW), body weight gain (BWG), cumulative feed intake (CFI) and cold carcass weight (CCW), as well as increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Raising dietary SGE level linearly increased FBW (P < 0.011), BWG (P < 0.025) and CCW (P < 0.001), while it decreased FCR (P < 0.026). Quails exposed to HS conditions had higher serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (P< 0.0001), creatine kinase (CK) (P< 0.0001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P < 0.006) and triiodothyronine (T3) (P < 0.0001) levels than those reared under TN conditions. SGE supplementation decreased serum MDA (P < 0.003), glucose (P < 0.0001), CK (P < 0.0001), AST (P < 0.0001), T3 (P < 0.001) and thyroxine (T4) (P < 0.024) levels compared to the control groups. While heart and liver weights decreased (P < 0.0001; P < 0.001), an increase in testicular weight was recorded (P < 0.0001). The addition of SGE to the diet during periods of elevated environmental temperature can play an important role in reducing the negative effects of heat stress.
Effect of dietary stevia and ginger extracts on laying performance, fertility, hatchability, and serum biochemical parameters in laying Japanese quails exposed to heat stress
(Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Science, 2023) Bayrıl, Tahir; Akdemir, Fatih; Orhan, Cemal; Gürgöze, Sema
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of various levels of supplemental stevia and ginger extracts (SGE) on laying performance, fertility, hatchability, and serum biochemical parameters in laying Japanese quails exposed to heat stress. SGE doses were added at the following levels: 0 (control), 0.5 (T1), 1.0 (T2), and 1.5% (T3) of the diet. In SGE-supplemented quails, feed intake (P < 0.0001), egg production (P < 0.0001), and egg weight (P < 0.002) were significantly the highest in the treatment groups (days 1–90). Feed conversion ratio (P < 0.0001) was lower in the treatment groups compared to the control group. The fertility index was higher in all experimental groups (P < 0.05). The weights of hatching eggs were higher in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.0001). Egg weight in the laying period was higher in the 2nd month in control and group T1, and in the 2nd and 3rd month in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.0001; P < 0.05). Hatched chick weights were higher in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.0001). Serum aspartate aminotransferase levels in quails of group T3 were significantly lower than in the other groups (P < 0.01). Serum glucose and cholesterol levels were the lowest in groups T2 and T3 (P < 0.05). Serum triiodothyronine levels in the treatment groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01). In conclusion, these results suggested that dietary SGE improved laying performance, fertility, and hatchability, as well as mitigated the negative effects of heat stress on selected biochemical parameters in quails exposed to high environmental temperature.
The cost-benefit analysis of alternative brucellosis control strategies in Turkey
(Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2014) Can, Mehmet Ferit; Yalçın, Cengiz
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease and leads to serious financial losses in infected species. The aim of this study is to determine the most financially rational brucellosis control strategy for Turkey by means of cost-benefit analyses. In this study, four different infection control strategies were designed under three different scenarios named optimistic, expected and pessimistic scenarios. The most financially rational infection control option for Turkey was found to be the second strategy, which is “only young animals, three to six month old female bovine and three to six month old male and female ovine, have been vaccinated and after reaching the target prevalence for each species, vaccinations will be terminated and in the same year test and compulsory slaughter methods will be implemented throughout the country”. For the optimistic, expected and pessimistic scenarios according to second strategy the net present value was estimated as -$3.1 million, $29.2 million and $41.9 million respectively, the benefit-cost ratio was estimated 0.86, 2.26 and 2.84 respectively. The results of this study indicated that fighting with brucellosis is financially rational for expected and pessimistic scenarios. However, it should not be forgotten that a financially rational control strategy doesn’t means that it is always suitable technically or it is rational in respect to public health.
Japon bıldırcınlarının rasyonlarına çörek otu (Nigella sativa L.) tohumu veya çörek otu yağı ilavesinin besi performansı, karkas özellikleri ve bazı kan parametrelerine etkisi
(Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2015) Tufan, Tuncay; Arslan, Cavit; Sarı, Mehmet; Kaplan, Oktay
Bu çalışma, bıldırcın rasyonlarına çörek otu tohumu ya da çörek otu yağı ilavesinin besi performansı, karkas özellikleri ve bazı kan parametrelerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırmada, 180 adet bir günlük yaşta Japon bıldırcını civcivi kullanıldı. Civcivler 45 hayvandan oluşan 4 ana gruba, her ana grup ise 15 civcivden oluşan 3 alt gruba ayrıldı. Gruplardan birisi başlangıç (1-21. gün) ve büyütme (22-35. gün) dönemlerinde temel yemlerle beslendi (Kontrol). Diğer gruplar aynı yeme %0.1 oksitetrasiklin (Pozitif Kontrol: PK), %1 çörek otu tohumu (ÇOT) veya %0.1 çörek otu yağı (ÇOY) ilave edilerek beslendi. Deneme bitiminde her ana gruptan 15 bıldırcın kesilerek karkas verim özellikleri ve kan serum parametreleri belirlendi. Araştırma sonunda, PK ve ÇOT gruplarının canlı ağırlık ortalaması Kontrolden önemli derecede yüksek bulundu. Araştırma geneli dikkate alındığında ortalama canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranı bakımından gruplar arasında farklılık görülmedi. Karkas ağırlığı; Kontrol grubunda diğer tüm gruplardan önemli derecede düşük bulunurken, karkas randımanı, göğüs, but ve kanat oranları bakımından gruplar arasında farklılık oluşmadı. Serum kolesterol konsantrasyonu ÇOY grubunda Kontrol grubundan önemli derecede düşük tespit edilirken, Ca, P, VLDL, HDL, LDL, ALT, ALP, albumin, globulin ve total protein konsantrasyonu bakımından gruplar arasında farklılık görülmedi. Sonuç olarak; bıldırcın rasyonlarına %1 oranında çörek otu tohumu ilavesinin antibiyotik ilaveli grupta olduğu gibi canlı ağırlığı önemli derecede artırdığı, %0.1 oranında çörek otu yağı ilavesinin hipokolesterolemik etki gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Effect of supplementary liquid colostrum on growth performance, carcass yield, ceruloplasmin, sialic acid and some antioxidant levels in quails
(Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2017) Baran, Murat Sedat; Bayrıl, Tahir; Akdemir, Fatih; Akşit, Hasan; Kahraman, Mücahit
This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementary liquid-colostrum (LiqC) on growth performance, carcass yield, ceruloplasmin, sialic acid, and antioxidant levels in growing quails. In this study, a total of 90 ten-days-old mixed-sexed Japanese quail chicks were used. Quails were divided randomly into 3 groups. Chicks were fed one of three diets: basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 2% or 4% liquid colostrum. Birds were exposed to a 14L:10D illumination cycle for 32 days. When the effects of dietary liquid colostrum supplementation on performance were examined, values of final body weight, live weight gain, cumulative feed intake, feed efficiency, cold carcass weight and cold carcass yield in quails were higher in the trial groups compared to control group (P<0.05); but organ weights were not affected (P>0.05). Levels of liver malondialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin, and sialic acid were lower, but levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were higher in trial groups (P<0.05), and there was no effect on total antioxidant status (TAS) levels (P>0.05). Serum MDA levels were lower and SOD levels were higher in liquid colostrum supplemented groups (P<0.05), although a numerical increase was found in TAS levels, no statistically important difference was found in trial groups. In conclusion, the oxidative, transport and slaughter stresses can be attenuated by liquid colostrum supplementation at 4% of diets in quail.
Şanlıurfa doğal barınak besiciliğinde zeolit mineralinin hayvan refahı üzerine etkisi
(Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2018) Aksoy, Gürbüz; Avcı, Mehmet; Biricik, Halil Selçuk; Kaplan, Oktay; Yertürk, Muğdat
Sunulan çalışmada; Şanlıurfa yöresinde yaygın bir şekilde yapılan doğal barınak/mağara besiciliğinde hayvan refahının iyileştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda; Şanlıurfa yöresi mağara hayvancılığında yeme katılan ve altlık olarak kullanılan Zeolit mineralinin kan serumu ve rumen parametreleri, hayvanların canlı ağırlıkları ve ahır havası üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Çalışma; mağara şartlarında sığır besiciliği yapılan işletmelerde yürütüldü. Her birinde 40-50 baş kültür melezi ve 1-1.5 yaşları arasında sağlıklı erkek besi sığırı bulunan, 40 mağara kullanıldı. Bu mağaralar; her bir grupta 10 adet mağara olacak şekilde toplam 4 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubunda, yemlerine zeolit katılmadı, altlık olarak zeolit kullanılmadı. Grup I’de altlık olarak zeolit kullanıldı, yemlerine zeolit katılmadı. Grup 2’de, yem katkısı olarak %2 zeolit içeren rasyon uygulandı, altlık olarak zeolit kullanılmadı. Grup 3’te ise hem %2 zeolit içeren rasyon uygulandı, hem de altlık olarak zeolit kullanıldı. Her gruptan 10 hayvan olmak üzere, toplam 40 hayvanda kan serumu biyokimyasal analizleri (total protein, üre, kolesterol, trigliserit, NEFA (Esterleşmemiş yağ asitleri), Ca, P, Mg, Na, K), rumen sıvısı analizleri (uçucu yağ asitleri, amonyak, pH) ve ahır amonyak gazı ölçümleri yapıldı. Deneme ortası ve sonunda rumen sıvısı amonyak düzeyi Grup 2 ve 3’te, rumen pH’sı ise Grup 3’te belirgin derecede düştü. Deneme ortası ve sonunda Grup 2’de serum kolesterol ve fosfor, Grup 3’te ise serum potasyum düzeyinde azalma gözlendi. Mağara ortamı amonyak gazı değerleri açısından Grup 1 ve 3’te, Kontrol ve Grup 2’ye göre azalma görüldü. Böylece, Grup 1 ve 3’te ahır kokusu önemli derecede azaldı (P<0.01). Sonuç olarak, besi sığırlarında yem katkı maddesi ve altlık olarak kullanılan zeolitin incelenen hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler açısından önemli düzeyde bir değişiklik yapmadığı; hayvanların sağlığı, canlı ağırlıkları, ahır havası ve kokusuna olumlu etki yaparak hayvan refahına katkısı olduğu belirlendi.
Erzincan ili süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde postpartum dönem klinik mastitis insidensi ve insidense etkili bazı faktörler
(Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2022) Yıldız, Ahmet Şener; Altın, Oğuz
Bu araştırma; Erzincan ilindeki süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde postpartum dönemin önemli endemik hastalıklarından biri olan klinik mastitis vakalarının insidensi ve bu insidensin bazı yetiştirici ve işletme özellikleri ile koruyucu hekimlik tercihlerine göre nasıl bir değişim gösterdiğini tespit etmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın materyalini Erzincan il merkezine bağlı Damızlık Sığır Yetiştiricileri Birliğine üye 910 işletmeden rastgele seçilen 63 işletmenin 683 adet postpartum dönem verisi oluşturmaktadır. Postpartum dönem klinik mastitis insidensinin ağırlıklı ortalaması %10,68 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu insidensin ırklara göre dağılımı; Montofon ve melezi ırkta %6,20; Simental ve melezi %10,71; Holştayn ırkında %15,65 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Küçük ölçekli, kapalı tip barınak ve bağlı sisteme sahip işletmelerdeki ineklerde insidens oranları sırasıyla %13,29; %11,44; ve %12,12 olarak ortalamadan daha yüksek oranda olduğu ve farklılığın p<0,05 düzeyinde (anlamlı) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Postpartum klinik mastitis insidensinin; düzenli CMT uygulamasının yapıldığı (%3,5), ücret karşılığında danışmanlık hizmetinin alındığı (%4,31), süt sığırcılığı eğitiminin alındığı (%7,39), sağım öncesi daldırma kabı uygulandığı (%8,77) işletmelerdeki ineklerde daha düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Postpartum klinik mastitis insidensinin hedef insidens değeri %5 olarak hesaplanmış olup, mastitis kontrol yönteminde ihmal edilen hususların olduğu ve sakınılabilir kayıpların oluştuğu işletmelerdeki ineklerde insidensin ortalama %15,85 olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The effect of dietary colostrum powder on performance, carcass yields and serum lipid peroxidation levels in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica)
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2018) Akdemir, Fatih; Bayril, Tahir; Baran, Murat Sedat; Yıldız, Ahmet Şener
Colostrum is a nutrient-dense fluid secreted by female mammals for the first few days following birth. Colostrum can be supplemented to poultry diets as a feed additive due to its nutritious and performance-enhancing properties. This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary colostrum powder (CL-P, Alpha Lipid Lifeline Colostrum, New Zealand) on growing performance, carcass weight and yield, organ weights, serum vitamins and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). A total of 90 birds, one day old, were divided into 3 groups consisting of 6 replicate cages, 5 birds per cage. Birds were randomly fed on one of three diets: basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 2.5% or 5% of CL-P. At the end of the period of 42 days, CL-P supplementation increased final body weight (P <. 0001), weight gain (P <. 0001), feed intake (P =. 03), feed efficiency (P <. 0001), carcass weight (P <. 0001) and carcass yield (P <. 01). Amounts of serum MDA (P <. 001) levels also increased with increasing supplemental CL-P. As a result, growth performance can be improved and serum lipid peroxidation can effectively be attenuated by dietary CL-P supplementation at 5% of diets in Japanese quail.
Effects of molasses, barley, oak tannins extracts and previously fermented juice addition on silage characteristics, in vitro organic matter digestibility and metabolisable energy content of grass silage
(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Arslan, Cavit; Tufan, Tuncay; Avcı, Mehmet; Kaplan, Oktay; Uyarlar, Cangir
This study was carried out to evaluate molasses (M), barley (B), oak tannins extracts (OTE) or previously fermented juice (PFJ) addition as silage additives on nutrient contents, fermentation characteristics, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), metabolisable energy (ME), methane (CH4) and ammonia N (NH3-N) production of grass silage. The M, B, OTE added 25 or 50 mg/kg, and PFJ 7.5 or 15 ml/kg to silage for compare to nothing added Control silage. Organic matter content was higher in Control silage than 50 g/kg M added silage. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg OTE, or 15 ml/kg PFJ to silages decreased crude protein contents as compared to Control silage. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg M or B, and 50 g/kg OTE decreased pH of silages as compared to 25 g/kg OTE and, 7.5 and 15 ml/kg PFJ added silages. Addition of 25 and 50 M or B, and 50 g/kg OTE increased lactic acid concentration as compared to other silages. Addition of 25 and 50 g/kg M increased IVOMD, CH4 and ME of silages as compared to other silages (except for GS + 50 g/kg B for ME). Generally, OTE or PFJ addition induced a decrease IVOMD, ME and CH4 production. Addition of 25 or 50 mg/kg OTE and 25 g/kg M increased NH3-N concentration as compared to 25 g/kg B added silage. In conclusion, the study showed that adding of M improved fermentative quality, OMD, and ME values of pasture grass silage, and the second most effective silage additive was B, but addition of OTE and PFJ have little effect on improving the silage quality as compared to Control silage.
Time-dependent changes in changes in plasma ghrelin and angiotensin II levels in the diabetic nephropathy model
(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2021) Gül, Cihan; Kelle, Mustafa; Baylan, Mukadder; Yokuş, Beran; Taşdemir, Ezel
Ghrelin is an appetite-enhancing anabolic hormone secreted from the stomach. Angiotensin II maintains sodium and potassium levels in body fluids and plays a very important role in the regulation of arterial blood pressure. Although their relationship with Type 2 diabetes and complications have been reported, their role in diabetic nephropathy is not fully understood. We investigated time dependent possible changes in plasma ghrelin and angiotensin II levels during the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy in experimental diabetic rat model. Adult 63 male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 9 groups as 4 control (C1-C4), 4 diabetic (D1-D4) and one treatment (T) group. Group D1, sacrificed by cardiac puncture one week after diabetes, group D2 three weeks later, group D3 six weeks later, and groups D4 and T eight weeks later. Antidiabetic treatment was not administered to the D1-D4 group diabetic rats. Group T diabetic rats were treated with antidiabetic metformin (100 mg / kg / day) for 8 weeks. A single dose of 35 mg / kg intraperitoneal streptozotocin was administered to the rats to induce diabetes. Significant differences were found between the D4 and C4 groups in body weight, plasma glucose, ghrelin and angiotensin II, serum and urine creatinine levels. While there was a linear (positive) relationship between plasma ghrelin levels of all rats and urinary creatinine and creatinine clearance and body weight, negative correlations were found between plasma ghrelin and angiotensin II levels and fasting blood glucose levels of all rats. During the progression of diabetes and the development of diabetes-related nephropathy, plasma angiotensin and serum creatinine levels increased, while plasma ghrelin levels decreased over time. Therefore, it was concluded that changes in plasma ghrelin and angiotensin II levels in diabetic rats may be associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy
Small molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase shows anti-proliferative activity in HeLa cells
(Taylor & Francis, 2021) Akar, Serra; Duran, Tuğçe; Azzawri, Ali Ahmed; Koçak, Nadir; Çelik, Çetin; Yıldırım, Halil İbrahim
The anti-proliferative effects of 5-methylquinolinium (5MQ) of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) have not been previously investigated on a cervical cancer cell line. NNMT is a metabolic enzyme that is correlated with tumour progression and metastasis. 5MQ is a small molecule inhibitor of NNMT. 0.1-500 mu M of 5MQ was tested on the HeLa epithelial cervical cancer cell line. Cell viability was assessed with the MTT test. TWIST, ZEB1, SERPIN1, SIRT1, CD16, mRNA and various protein expression levels were analysed with Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western Blotting, respectively. 5MQ significantly inhibited HeLa cell proliferation in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Increased cell shrinkage, loss of cellular adhesions and apoptotic bodies were observed in HeLa cells after 5MQ treatment. Following treatment with 5MQ, ZEB1, SIRT1, CD16 mRNA levels were increased while TWIST and SERPIN1 mRNA levels were reduced. Expressions of oncogenic proteins phospho-Akt and SIRT1 were decreased. 5MQ can effectively inhibit HeLa cell proliferation without apparently affecting HEK-293 cell proliferation. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? NNMT is a cytosolic enzyme involved in tumour progression, metastasis and treatment resistance. It was overexpressed in many human malignancies. 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium (5MQ) is a novel small molecule inhibitor of NNMT that has shown promising results in the treatment of obesity and in senescent muscle regeneration. 5MQ has not been tested on the HeLa cervical cancer cell line, previously. What do the results of this study add? In this study, 5MQ was tested on the HeLa cervical cancer cell line for the first time and the molecular changes associated with 5MQ treatment were analysed. 5MQ demonstrated significant anti-proliferative activity on HeLa cells, which displayed morphological signs of apoptosis. Treatment of HeLa cells with 5MQ led to an increase in ZEB1, SIRT1 mRNA while TWIST mRNA was decreased. Phospho-Akt and Sirtuin1 protein expressions were decreased. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? 5MQ can effectively inhibit HeLa cell proliferation without apparently affecting HEK-293 cell proliferation. 5MQ treatment was associated with a decrease in the expression of phospho-Akt and Sirtuin1 proteins, both of which have been reported to maintain tumour progression. 5MQ can further be investigated and modified for anti-cancer therapy.
Thymoquinone down-regulates VEGFA and Up-regulates FLT1 transcriptional levels in human breast cancer cells
(Kamla-Raj Enterprises, 2020) Yegin, Z.; Duran, T.; Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil
ABSTRACT Angiogenesis is important for cancer progression index and angiogenesis factors related to tumorogenesis deserve to be investigated in detail. The use of minimally toxic phytochemical compounds as the new generation anticancer agents is an appreciated approach to manage angiogenesis factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of thymoquinone (TQ), the major constituent of the black seed, on the expression levels of VEGFA and its receptor FLT1 in human estrogen receptor-positive breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. The researchers provide evidence that TQ down-regulated VEGFA and up-regulated FLT1 transcriptional levels in human breast cancer cells compared to HEK293 cells. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first study determining the effect of TQ in VEGFA and its receptor FLT1 in MCF-cells and more comprehensive investigations are highly recommended.
Dietary coenzyme Q10 may improve the growth performance and antioxidant status in quails exposed to cold stress
(Polish Academy of Science, 2020) Bayril, Tahir; Akdemir, Fatih; Akşıt, Hasan Z.; Akşit, Dilek
In this study, the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on growth performance, antioxidant status and organ weights in cold-stressed Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were investigated. During the experiment, a 2 × 3 factorial design was employed with two environmental temperatures (ET) and three levels of CoQ10 (0, 20 and 40 mg/kg). A total of 180 one-dayold male quails were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 6 replicates with 5 birds in each replicate. The birds were fed in two separate rooms at either 22 ± 2 °C for 24 h/day (thermoneutral, TN) or 12 ± 2 °C for 8 h/day (cold stress, CS; between 09:00 17:00) followed by 22 ± 2 °C for 16 h/day. CoQ10 addition into diet increased final body weight, body weight gain and cumulative feed intake only in CS regardless of the used dose. It was stated that CoQ10 supplementation did not exert influence on serum and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and liver total antioxidant status (TAS) in TN conditions, but increased these parameters in CS; however in liver the higher CoQ10 dose was required to obtain the statistically positive effect. When quails were exposed to CS a higher dose of CoQ10 caused a more pronounced decreased in serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level than the lower one; however the effect of CoQ10 on liver MDA level was shown regardless of the used dose. The obtained results show that CoQ10 supplementation reverses the negative effects of CS on growth performance, antioxidant status and organ weights in quails. The caused may effects partly associated with direct antioxidant properties of CoQ10 as well as the synergistic efficacy of CoQ10 with SOD activity
Vitamin D can be used as a supplement against cancer stem cells
(CMB Association Publishers, 2018) Koçak, Nadir; Nergiz, Süleyman; Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil; Duran, Yağmur
Cancer is standing like a bottomless pit or a black hole in front of mankind. Scientists are trying all possible ways to find a solution against to cancer. As known, cancer is a phenomenon fed from internal dynamics. One of internal dynamic is cancer stem cells that are involved in the formation and development of cancer. Because of these dynamics, scientists began to search solution inside of the body. Another internal dynamic is vitamin D and it is not only important in calcium homeostasis but also it is important for cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of vitamin D on cancer stem cells that sorted from MCF-7 cell line and on HEK293 cell line as control. Our results showed that calcitriol treatment reduced the number of CSC (Cancer Stem Cell) in the MCF-7 cell while increased in HEK293 cell population. Gene expression analyses showed that effect of calcitriol on apoptosis plays an important role in this reduction. Deficiency or unavailability of vitamin D may take a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

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