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    Biochemical and immunohistochemical examination of the effects of ephedrine in rat ovary tissue
    (Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2023) Toprak, Veysel; Akalın, Senem Alkan; Öcal, Ece; Çavuş, Yunus; Deveci, Engin
    Purpose: It was aimed to investigate the biochemical and immunohistochemical effects of ephedrine (EPH) in bilateral ovariectomized rats. Methods: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley female rats were divided into three groups: control group: The abdomen was opened and closed without any treatment; ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group: 2 h of ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion were allowed to cause IR injury; IR+EPH group: oral EPH solution (5 mg/kg) was administered for 28 days. Results: Biochemical parameters were statistically significant in group comparisons. Increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression, degenerative preantral and antral follicle cells and inflammatory cells around blood vessels were seen in IR group. Negative IL-6 expression was observed in seminal epithelial cells, preantral and antral follicle cells in IR+EPH group. While caspase-3 activity increased in granulosa cells and stromal cells in IR group, caspase-3 expression was negative in preantral and antral follicle cells in the germinal epithelium and cortex in IR+EPH group. Conclusion: The effect of apoptosis, which occurs with the signaling that starts in the cell nucleus, caused the cessation of the stimulating effect at the nuclear level after EPH administration, and a decrease in the antioxidative effect in IR damage and inflammation in the apoptotic process.
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    Effects of daidzein on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2023) Toprak, Veysel; Akalin, Senem Alkan; Ocal, Ece; Cavus, Yunus; Deveci, Engin
    Purpose: Our aim was to investigate protective effects of daidzein treatment on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced ovarian tissue by immunohistochemical techniques. Methods: Thirty Sprague Dawley female rats were categorized into three groups as sham, I/R group, and I/R+daidzein groups. Bloods were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), and myeloperoxidase (MPO), and ovaries were processed for histological tissue protocol. Results: Both MDA and MPO values were increased in I/R group compared to sham and I/R+daidzein groups. GSH content was increased in I/R+daidzein group compared to I/R groups. In I/R group, theca and follicular cells were degenerated with apoptosis and dilatation and congestion, edema. In I/R+daidzein group, daidzein improved pathologies. In the I/R group, Bax expression was positive with follicular cells, granulosa cells and inflammatory cells. In the I/R+daidzein group, positive Bax reaction was observed in the epithelial, antral, and inflammatory cells. In I/R group, Bcl-2 reaction was in germinative epithelial cells, cells of antral follicle. In the I/R+daidzein group, Bcl-2 expression level was reduced after daidzein treatment. Conclusion: After the I/R procedure, ovarian cells and follicles were degenerated with apoptosis and inflammation. After daidzein treatment, Bax and Bcl-2 signal were decreased. It was observed that daidzein stopped the apoptotic process.
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    Expression of VEGF in Fallopian tubes in Ovarian Ischemia-Reperfusion
    (2023) Toprak, Veysel; Deveci, Engin
    Aim: Our aim was to investigate expression level of VEGF in tuba uterine in ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) by immunohistochemical techniques. Material and Methods: 30 Sprague Dawley female rats were categorized into three groups. Sham group: The abdomen was opened and closed without any treatment. Ischemia (I) group: 1-hour ischemia was allowed to create ischemic injury. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group: 1-hour ischemia and then 3-hour reperfusion was allowed to create I/R injury. Results: MDA and MPO levels were increased after ischemia and IR while GSH content was decreased. Histological scores of follicular degeneration, inflammation, hemorrhage were high in I and IR groups. Normal histology of tuba uterine was observed in sham group. In I and IR group, degenerated cilia, desquamative epithelial cells impaired basement membrane leukocytes infiltration, apoptotic nuclei, vascular dilatation, thrombosis and inflammation and adenoma were observed. VEGF expression was mainly in sham group. In I and IR group, endothelial cells, adenoma structures, vessels, macrophage and inflammatory leukocyte cells and fibroblast cells showed positive VEGF expression. Conclusion: IR damage affected inflammation and angiogenesis, changes in implantation.
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    Expression of VEGF in Fallopian tubes in Ovarian Ischemia-Reperfusion
    (Tıbbi Kayıtlar Derneği, 2023) Toprak, Veysel; Deveci, Engin
    Aim: Our aim was to investigate expression level of VEGF in tuba uterine in ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) by immunohistochemical techniques. Material and Methods: 30 Sprague Dawley female rats were categorized into three groups. Sham group: The abdomen was opened and closed without any treatment. Ischemia (I) group: 1-hour ischemia was allowed to create ischemic injury. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group: 1-hour ischemia and then 3-hour reperfusion was allowed to create I/R injury. Results: MDA and MPO levels were increased after ischemia and IR while GSH content was decreased. Histological scores of follicular degeneration, inflammation, hemorrhage were high in I and IR groups. Normal histology of tuba uterine was observed in sham group. In I and IR group, degenerated cilia, desquamative epithelial cells impaired basement membrane leukocytes infiltration, apoptotic nuclei, vascular dilatation, thrombosis and inflammation and adenoma were observed. VEGF expression was mainly in sham group. In I and IR group, endothelial cells, adenoma structures, vessels, macrophage and inflammatory leukocyte cells and fibroblast cells showed positive VEGF expression. Conclusion: IR damage affected inflammation and angiogenesis, changes in implantation.
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    Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Is fetoplacental doppler ultrasound useful in the diagnosis and follow-up?
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2021) Toprak, Veysel; Kafadar, Mehmet Tolga
    Aim: In this study, we aimed to examine whether Doppler ultrasonography (USG) is an important diagnostic tool for fetal follow-up in case of obstetric cholestasis. Material and Methods: This study included 50 patients diagnosed with obstetric cholestasis and 39 pregnant women turning up for their regular pregnancy follow-up. Pregnants were diagnosed according to definition, symptoms, and laboratory findings. Biochemical tests, bile acid test, upper abdominal USG, Non-Stress Test (NST), obstetric USG, amniotic fluid test, and fetoplacental Doppler USG were performed on all patients. Systole/Diastole (S/D) ratio of Umbilical artery (UA) and Middle cerebral artery (MCA)s, delivery types of patients, weight at birth, Apgar scores, and the existence of meconium were separately recorded. Results: The mean age of the patients with obstetric cholestasis was 26.6 years, while in the control group it was 25.1 years (p = 0.176). No statistical difference was identified with regard to the average of (UA and MCA)/(S/D) ratio of both patient groups. In terms of delivery type, patients' UA and MCA S/D ratio averages were not statistically significant. There was no statistical link between cholestasis story in previous pregnancies, cholestasis in the current pregnancy, bile acid, and high ALP and baby's gender. Discussion: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is also a reversible form of cholestasis and it usually emerges in the late pregnancy period and continues until birth. In this study, it was detected that fetoplacental Doppler USG, which is used as a diagnostic tool for obstetric cholestasis, has a low level of predictivity. During our study, Doppler USG use in obstetric cholestasis diagnosis and follow-up was not effective.
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    Investigation of Beclin 1 and TNF-? expressions in preeclampsia placentas: Immunohistochemical study
    (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2023) Öcal, Ece; Toprak, Veysel; Akalın, Senem Alkan; Aşır, Fırat; Deveci, Engin
    Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication Aim of this study was to investigate expression of Beclin1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in normotensive and preeclamptic placentas of pregnant women patients. Methods: Twenty normotensive and 20 preeclamptic patients placentas were dissected for paraffin- wax processing. Placental samples were embedded in parafin blocks. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and TNF-α and Beclin1 immunostaining. Results: In control group, root and floating villi were normal in histological perspectives, syncytial node number was low, vessels were normal with connective tissue. No hemorrhage was observed in the intervillous area. In preeclampsia group, decidual cell degeneration and fibrinoid accumulation increased. Vascular dilatation and congestion with mononuclear cell infiltration were observed. Beclin1 reaction was generally negative in control group. In preeclampsia group, Beclin1 reaction was increased in decidual cells, syncytial nodes and bridges and in chorionic villi and in some Hoffbauer cells. In control group, TNF-α expression was mainly negative but only in some decidual cells. In preeclampsia, TNF-α reaction was observed in degenerated decidua cells, in leukocytes and in villi. Conclusion: In preeclampsia placentas, degenerated decidua cells and inflammation increased. It was thought that Beclin1 and TNF-α signals could be used as a marker in affecting the fetal structure of blood flow in preeclamptic placentas.
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    Modulation of FOXP3 Gene Expression in OVCAR3 Cells Following Rosmarinic Acid and Doxorubicin Exposure
    (Mdpi, 2024) Toprak, Veysel; Ozdemir, Ilhan; Ozturk, Samil; Yanar, Orhan; Kizildemir, Yusuf Ziya; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi
    Background/Objectives: Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate in the world. Treatment methods are listed as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, depending on the stage of cancer, but developing resistance to chemotherapy increases the need for alternative agents that act on the same pathways. The effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) and doxorubicin (DX) on the activation of FOXP3, an important tumor suppressor gene, in OVCAR3 cells were examined. Materials and Methods: In this study, a human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line was used. MTT analysis was performed to reveal the result of RA and DX on ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Expression levels of FOXP3 for cell proliferation and Capase-3 for apoptosis were determined by RT-qPCR. The wound healing model was applied to determine cell migration rates. The results were evaluated with one-way ANOVA in an SPSS 20.0 program as p <= 0.05. Results: It was determined that RA and DX alone and in combination inhibited the proliferation of OVCAR3 cells in different doses for 24, 48, and 72 h, and caused the cells to die by causing them to undergo apoptosis. Caspase-3 expression increased approximately tenfold in OVCAR3 cells, while FOXP3 expression was upregulated only in RA treatment and was downregulated in DX and RA + DX treatments. Conclusions: According to the results of our study, it was determined that the FOXP3 signaling pathway related to apoptosis, and proliferation was affected by the combination treatment of RA and DX in the OVCAR3 cancer cell line. This shows that RA will gain an important place in cancer treatment with more comprehensive study.