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    The effect of antioxidants on post-thawed Angora goat (Capra hircus ancryrensis) sperm parameters, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activities
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2010) Bucak, Mustafa Numan; Sarioezkan, Serpil; Tuncer, Puerhan Barbaros; Sakin, Fatih; Atessahin, Ahmet; Kulaksiz, Recai; Cevik, Mesut
    The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the antioxidants curcumin, inositol and carnitine on microscopic seminal parameters, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the antioxidant activities of sperm, following the freeze-thawing of Angora goat semen. Ejaculates were collected via artificial vagina from three Angora goats and microscopically evaluated and pooled at 37 degrees C. The pooled semen samples were diluted in a Tris-based extender, including curcumin (2.5, 5 or 10 mM), inositol (2.5, 5 or 10 mM), carnitine (2.5, 5 or 10 mM) and no antioxidant (control). The diluted semen was slowly (at a rate of 0.2-0.3 degrees C/min) cooled to 5 degrees C and then cryopreserved in 0.25 mL French straws. Frozen straws were thawed individually at 37 degrees C for 20s in a water bath, for microscopic sperm evaluation. The freezing extender supplemented with 2.5 mM curcumin led to higher percentage of computer-assisted semen analyzer (CASA) sperm motility (65 +/- 3%), when compared to the control, inositol and the 10 mM carnitine (P<0.01) groups, following the freeze-thawing process. The addition of antioxidants did not provide any significant effect on the percentages of post-thaw subjective analyses and CASA progressive motilities, as well as sperm motility characteristics (VAP, VSL, LIN and ALH), compared to the controls. Freezing extenders with antioxidants at three different doses led to lower percentages of acrosome and total sperm abnormalities, when compared to the controls (P<0.001). However, the addition of 5 mM inositol did not induce any difference in total sperm abnormalities, when compared to the controls. The antioxidants also did not show any effectiveness in the elimination of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and the maintenance of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity, when compared to the controls. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was found to be higher in the presence of curcumin at all three dose levels and carnitine at 5 mM, compared to the other groups. Glutathione (GSH) concentration was demonstrated to be maintained at a higher level with the addition of inositol, compared to the other groups. However, these differences in SOD and GSH levels were not significant, compared to the controls. All the antioxidants at all three dose levels resulted in a better protection of the sperm morphology (except for 5 mM inositol with respect to the total sperm abnormalities), compared to the control samples. According to CASA, the best post-thawing sperm motility rate was recorded when the freezing extender was supplemented with 2.5 mM curcumin. Further studies are required to obtain more conclusive results regarding the characterization of microscopic and oxidative stress parameters in cryopreserved goat sperm, using the different antioxidants. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of 3-aminobenzamide on unilateral testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury: What is the role of PARP inhibition?
    (Canadian Science Publishing, 2010) Hekimoglu, Askin; Kurcer, Zehra; Aral, Faruk; Baba, Fusun; Atessahin, Ahmet; Sakin, Fatih
    On a examine les effets therapeutiques de l'inhibition de la poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase par le 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB) dans une lesion d'ischemie-reperfusion (I/R) des testicules en utilisant une analyse de sperme. On a effectue des examens histopathologiques et biochimiques pour mesurer les activites de la superoxyde dismutase (SOD), de la catalase (CAT), de la glutathion peroxydase (GSH-Px), et les taux de glutathion (GSH) reduit. On a divise des rats males en 3 groupes : ayant subi une operation factice (sham) (n = 12), I/R (n = 12) et I/R avec 3AB (I/R-3-AB) (n = 12). On a occlus l'artere testiculaire gauche pendant 1 h, puis on l'a soumis a une reperfusion pendant 24 h (pour les examens biochimiques et histopathologiques) et 30 jours (pour l'analyse de sperme). L'administration de 3-AB par voie intraperitoneale 10 min avant et 1 h apres la reperfusion a augmente la diminution induite par l'I/R de la motilite du sperme dans les 2 testicules, et elle a diminue l'augmentation anormale des taux de sperme dans le testicule ipsilateral. Toutefois, le traitement par 3-AB n'a pu prevenir la diminution induite par l'I/R du taux de sperme dans les 2 testicules. Les activites de SOD et de CAT sont demeurees stables chez tous les groupes. L'I/R a augmente l'activite de la GSH-Px et les taux de GSH. Le traitement par 3-AB a renverse l'augmentation induite par l'I/R de l'activite de la GSH-Px comme chez les sham, mais il n'a pas modifie les taux de GSH. Le traitement par 3-AB a augmente de maniere significative la diminution induite par l'I/R du score histopathologique. En conclusion, un traitement par 3-AB offre des avantages biochimiques et histopathologiques potentiels au-dela de la qualite du sperme et pourrait diminuer l'alteration de la torsion testiculaire.
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    Linalool and eugenol exhibit apoptotic potential on hela and caco-2 cells through the modulation of src kinases and ADAMTS proteases while only eugenol displays anti-angiogenic features on HeLa cells
    (Springer, 2022) Kısacam, Mehmet Ali; Sakin, Fatih; İrtegün-Kandemir, Sevgi; Pektanç-Şengül, Gülsüm; Kürekçi, Cemil
    The cytotoxic effects of linalool and eugenol on HeLa and Caco-2 cancer cells were investigated. The expression of the Fyn, Hck, and ADAMTS genes and Bcl-2, Bax, VEGF proteins were determined through the real-time-qPCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. IC50 values of linalool on HeLa cell were 799.6, 1228, and 1239 mu g/mL after 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, whereas those of eugenol were 388, 94.35, and 73.78 mu g/mL. IC50 values in Caco-2 cells were 887.7, 1259, and 1356 mu g/mL for linalool whereas those of eugenol were 452.7, 578.3, and 433.3 mu g/mL after 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. As a control, Hek-293 IC50 values were 1047 and 556.7 mu g/mL for linalool and eugenol, respectively. Linalool at 1024 mu g/mL concentration increased Bax and Bcl-2 levels significantly in both cell lines (p < 0.001). However, eugenol treatment did not alter Bax levels (p > 0.05), but it decreased Bcl-2 levels significantly (p < 0.001). Additionally, 1024 mu g/mL linalool exposure increased Fyn gene expression in Caco-2 cells, which was not observed for HeLa cells. Unlike linalool, eugenol upregulated ADAMTS1 gene expression and decreased VEGF levels in HeLa cells. On the contrary, in Caco-2 cells, eugenol treatment did not affect ADAMTS1 levels, whilst linalool upregulated ADAMTS1 levels, especially at 1024 mu g/mL concentration. VEGF levels increased in Caco-2 cells following eugenol treatment. ADAMTS3 levels decreased in Caco-2 cells with exception of 1024 mu g/mL linalool treatment. These results indicated the anti-proliferative, apoptotic effects of plant-derived natural compounds. It is also revealed that eugenol might also display antiangiogenic properties on HeLa cells in addition to its apoptotic effects.
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    Modulatory Effects of Lycopene and Ellagic Acid on Reproductive Dysfunction Induced by Polychlorinated Biphenyl (Aroclor 1254) in Male Rats
    (Wiley, 2010) Atessahin, Ahmet; Turk, Gaffari; Yilmaz, Seval; Sonmez, Mustafa; Sakin, Fatih; Ceribasi, Ali Osman
    The present study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effects of lycopene (LP) and ellagic acid (EA) on aroclor (AR) 1254-induced testicular and spermatozoal toxicity associated with the oxidative stress and apoptosis in male rats. The control group was treated with placebo. LP (10 mg/kg/every other day), EA (2 mg/kg/every other day) and AR (2 mg/kg/day) groups were given alone LP, EA and AR respectively. One of the last two groups received AR + LP, and the other treated with AR + EA. Body and reproductive organ weights, epididymal sperm characteristics, testicular tissue lipid peroxidation levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, histopathological changes and apoptosis via Bax and Bcl-2 genes were investigated. AR administration caused statistically significant decreases in body-weight, epididymal sperm concentration, testicular superoxide dismutase activity, diameters of seminiferous tubules, germinal cell layer thickness and Johnsen's testicular score, and increases in relative weights of testis, epidydimis and seminal vesicles, rates of abnormal sperm and apoptotic cell expression along with degeneration, desquamation and disorganization in spermatogenic cells, and interstitial oedema and congestion in testicular tissue. LP and EA treatments to AR-treated rats markedly decreased abnormal sperm rates, testicular thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level, and increased the glutathione (GSH) level, GSH-peroxidase, catalase activities and epidiymal sperm concentration as compared with the alone AR group. Additionally, the AR-induced histopathological damages were totally or partially recovered by LP or EA administrations respectively. AR damages the testicular tissue and spermatozoa by impairing the oxidant/antioxidant balance and by increasing the apoptotic spermatogenic cell rates. However, both LP and EA have modulator effects on AR-induced reproductive dysfunction in male rats.
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    Toxic Effect of Cyclophosphamide on Sperm Morphology, Testicular Histology and Blood Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance, and Protective Roles of Lycopene and Ellagic Acid
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010) Ceribasi, Ali Osman; Turk, Gaffari; Sonmez, Mustafa; Sakin, Fatih; Atessahin, Ahmet
    In this study, the toxic effect of cyclophosphamide (CP) on sperm morphology, testicular histology and blood oxidant-antioxidant balance, and protective roles of lycopene (LC) and ellagic acid (EA) were investigated. For this purpose, 48 healthy, adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups; eight animals in each group. The control group was treated with placebo. LC, EA and CP groups were given alone LC (10 mg/kg/every other day), EA (2 mg/kg/every other day) and CP (15 mg/kg/week) respectively. One of the last two groups received CP + LC, and the other treated with CP + EA. All treatments were maintained for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, morphological abnormalities of sperm, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and glutathione (GSH) levels, and GSH-peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in erythrocytes, and testicular histopathological changes were examined. CP administration caused statistically significant increases in tail and total abnormality of sperm, plasma MDA level and erythrocyte SOD activity, and decreases in erythtocyte CAT activity, diameters of seminiferous tubules, germinal cell layer thickness and Johnsen's Testicular Score along with degeneration, necrosis, immature germ cells, congestion and atrophy in testicular tissue. However, LC or EA treatments to CP-treated rats markedly improved the CP-induced lipid peroxidation, and normalized sperm morphology and testicular histopathology. In conclusion, CP-induced lipid peroxidation leads to the structural damages in spermatozoa and testicular tissue of rats, and also LC or EA have a protective effect on these types of damage.