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Öğe Alloplastik kemik greftleri ile rekonstrükte edilmiş kritik boyut kemik defektlerinde ozon tedavisinin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi(2016) Laçin, Nihat; Kaya, BeyzaBu tez çalışmasında; kemik dokusuna yerleştirilen greft materyalleri ile osteogenezisin stimüle edilmesi ve osteokondüktif özelliğin kullanılmasının yanı sıra, ozonun bölgedeki kanlanmayı arttırarak osteogenezis üzerine etkilerinin histopatolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada toplam 56 adet Wistar cinsi ratın genel anestezisi 8 mg/100g intra-musküler ketamin ile sağlandı ve ratlar randomize 4 gruba ayrıldı. 1. Kontrol Grubu: 14 adet rat üzerinde kalvaryal kemik defekti oluşturuldu, herhangi bir işleme tabi tutulmadan defekt boş bırakıldı ve yara yeri primer süture edildi. Deneklerden 7 tanesi 4. hafta sonunda, geriye kalan 7 tanesi de 8. hafta sonunda sakrifiye edildi. 2. Deney Grubu: 14 adet rat üzerinde 8 mm kalvaryal kemik defekti oluşturuldu, boş defekte ozon uygulandı ve deneklerden 7 tanesi 4. hafta sonunda, geriye kalan 7 tanesi de 8. hafta sonunda sakrifiye edildi. 3. Deney Grubu: 14 adet rat üzerinde 8 mm kalvaryal kemik defekti oluşturuldu, hazırlanan defekte alloplastik kemik grefti uygulandı ve deneklerden 7 tanesi 4. hafta sonunda, geriye kalan 7 tanesi de 8. hafta sonunda sakrifiye edildi. 4. Deney Grubu: 14 adet rat üzerinde 8 mm kalvaryal kemik defekti oluşturuldu, hazırlanan defekte alloplastik kemik grefti ve ozon uygulandı ve deneklerden 7 tanesi 4. hafta sonunda, geriye kalan 7 tanesi de 8. hafta sonunda sakrifiye edildi. Çalışma sonunda elde edilen spesimenler D.Ü.Tıp Fakültesi Histoloji Anabilim Dalı Laboratuvarında histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi. Elde edilen sonuçlar Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testleri kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Farklı parametreler ele alınarak yaptığımız deneysel çalışma değerlendirildiğinde osteogenezisi hızlandırması bakımından ozonun grefte üstünlük sağlamadığı düşüncesindeyiz. 4.ve 8.hafta bulguları değerlendirildiğinde yeni kemik formasyonu açısında en iyi sonuçu greft+ozon uygulanan gruptan elde ettik. Sadece ozon uygulamasının bölgedeki hemostazı artırıp osteogenezisi arttırdığını söyleyebiliriz fakat anlamlı sayılabilecek yeterli etkiyi oluşturmadığını düşünmekteyiz. Anahtar Kelimeler: 1. Ozon 2. Alloplastik Kemik greftleri 3. Osteokondüktif 4. OsteogenezisÖğe The effect of graft application and allopurinol treatmenon calvarial bone defect in rats(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2019) Laçin, Nihat; İzol, Bozan Serhat; Özkorkmaz, Ebru Gökalp; Deveci, Buşra; Tuncer, Cudi Mehmet;Purpose: To investigate the effects of allopurinol administration on osteoinductive reaction and bone development with graft material. Methods: Thirty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups. In the control group, calvarial bone defect was only created without any treatment. In the Defect + Graft group, allograft treatment was performed by forming 8 mm calvarial bone defect. In the Defect + Graft + Allopurinol group, alloplastic bone graft was placed in the calvarial bone defect and then, allopurinol (50 mg/kg/day) treatment was intraperitoneally applied for 28 days. Results: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation, congestion in the vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells in the defect area. We also observed that new osteocyte cells, increase in connective tissue fibers, and new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was positive in osteoblast cells and lacunated osteocyte cells were located in the periphery of the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was also positive in osteoblasts and osteocytes cells of new bone trabeculae in the graft site. Conclusion: It has been shown that allopurinol treatment in rat calvaria defects may induce osteoblastic activity, matrix development, mature bone cell formation and new bone formation when used with autogenous graftsÖğe The effect of graft application and simvastatin treatment on tibial bone defect in rats. A histological and immunohistochemical study(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2019) Laçin, Nihat; İzol, Bozan Serhat; Özkorkmaz, Ebru Gökalp; Deveci, Buşra; Tuncer, Cudi MehmetPurpose: To evaluate histologically and immunohistochemically the bone regeneration after application of simvastatin on tibial bone defects in rats. Methods: Sixty Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups as control (6 mm tibial bone defect), defect + graft (allograft treatment), and defect + graft + simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Results: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation in control group (defect group), congestion in blood vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells. In defect + graft group, osteoclastic activity was observed and osteocyte cells were continued to develop. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteocytes and matrix formation were increased in the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin and osteonectin expression were positive in the osteclast cells in the control group. Osteoblasts and some osteocytes showed a positive reaction of osteopontin and osteopontin. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteonectin and osteopontin expression were positive in osteoblast and osteocyte cells, and a positive expression in osteon formation was also seen in new bone trabeculae. Conclusion: The simvastatin application was thought to increase bone turnover by increasing the osteoinductive effect with graft and significantly affect the formation of new bone.Öğe Effects of alloplastic graft material combined with a topical ozone application on calvarial bone defects in rats(Via Medica, 2020) Laçin, Nihat; İzol, Bozan Serhat; Gökalp Özkormaz, E.; Deveci, Buşra; Devecí, EnginBackground: This study presents the evaluation of the damage in the bone tissue resulting from a calvarial defect in rats and the efficiency of exposure to an ozone application with an alloplastic bone graft on the calvarial bone damage. Materials and methods: Wistar male rats (n = 56) were divided into four groups: a control group (n = 14), defect and ozone group (n = 14), defect and graft group (n = 14), and defect, graft, and ozone group (n = 14). Under anaesthesia, a circular full-thickness bone defect was created in all groups, and the experimental groups were further divided into two sub-groups, with 7 rats in each group sacrificed at the end of the 4th and 8th weeks. Bone samples were dissected, fixed in 10% formalin solution, and decalcified with 5% ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA). After the routine follow-up on tissues, immunostaining of osteopontin and osteonectin antibodies was applied to sections and observed under a light microscope. Results: The control group exhibited osteopontin and osteonectin expression in fibroblasts and inflammatory cells at the end of the 4th week with an acceleration at the 8th week. Ozone administration elucidated new trabecular bone formation by increasing osteoblastic activity. Lastly, our observations underscore that a combination of allograft and ozone application increased the osteoblast, osteocyte, and bone matrix development at the 4th and 8th weeks. Conclusions: Exposure to an ozone application with an alloplastic bone graft on calvarial bone damage may induce osteoblastic activity, matrix development, mature bone cell formation, and new bone formation in rats. © 2020 Via MedicaÖğe Effects of formaldehyde on vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metallopeptidase 2 and osteonectin levels in periodontal membrane and alveolar bone in rats(Via Medica, 2019) Laçin, Nihat; İzol, Bozan Serhat; Tuncer, Cudi Mehmet; Özkorkmaz, Ebru Gokalp; Deveci, Buşra; Deveci, Enginackground: The objective of this study was to investigate whether long term formaldehyde inhalation may affect periodontal membrane and alveolar bone loss leading to periodontitis. The negative effects of formaldehyde were described using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2) and osteonectin antibodies involved in the extracellular matrix and angiogenetic development. Materials and methods: Thirty adult Wistar albino rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into two groups: a control group (n = 15) and formaldehyde administered group (n = 15). Formaldehyde group was exposed to inhalation of 10 ppm formaldehyde 8 hours a day, 5 days a week for 5 weeks. Maxillary bone regions were dissected under anaesthesia. After fixation in 10% formaldehyde solution, tissues were passed through graded ethanol series to obtain paraffin blocks. Five-micrometre histological sections were cut with RM2265 rotary microtome stained with Masson trichrome and VEGF, MMP-2 and osteonectin antibodies for examination under Olympus BH-2 light microscopy. Results: The present study revealed that congestion in blood vessels, degeneration of collagen fibres and alveolar matrix around alveolar bone were observed to be more significant in formaldehyde group than the control group (p ≤ 0.001). Interestingly, VEGF expression in the formaldehyde group was the most significant finding between the two groups (p < 0.001). When compared inflammation, MMP-2 and osteonectin expressions were significant (p < 0.01) in the formaldehyde group. Conclusions: It was suggested that formaldehyde toxicity decreased the expression of MMP-2 and in osteoblasts as well as affecting the retention of MMP levels in tooth cavity, which is very low in collagen fibres. But, vice versa for the expression of VEGF in dilated vascular endothelial cells and osteocytes in alveolar bone. As a conclusion, formaldehyde disrupts the periodontal membrane and may cause collagen fibres degeneration by affecting the alveolar bone matrix.Öğe Evaluation of the effects of different hemostatic agent applications on mental nerve(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Adak, Berat Metin; Laçin, Nihat; Şimşek, Fatma; Uysal, Ersin; Soylu, Fahri Emrah; Özkan, İremPurpose: Evaluating the effect of ABS (Ankaferd Blood Stopper®), Tranexamic Acid (Transamin®) and Thrombin-Containing Hemostatic Matrix (Floseal®) on the mental nerve of rats by using histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses. Materials and methods: 40 Wistar Albino rats were used. Rats were randomly selected into 4 groups as Control (G1), ABS (G2), Tranexamic Acid (G3) and Thrombin-Containing Hemostatic Matrix (G4). In the control group G1, the left mental nerve was exposed and 0.3 ml of sterile saline was applied for 5 min, then closed with suture. In the other three groups, the left mental nerve was exposed and 0.3 ml ABS, Tranexamic Acid and Floseal was applied to groups, respectively. After 5 min, wounds were closed with suture. Immunohistochemical and histopathologic examinations were performed on mental nerves after 28 days. Results: The total histopathologic and immunohistochemical semiquantitative scores were significantly higher in ABS (G2) compared to Control (G1), Tranexamic Acid (G3) and Thrombin-Containing Hemostatic Matrix (G4) (P < 0.05). Myelin thickness were significantly lower in G2 compared to G1, G2 and G3 (P < 0.05). G3 has the most reliable results compared to G2 and G4 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study results suggest that ABS has neurotoxic effects and should not be used close to the nerve, and thrombin-containing hemostatic matrix should be used carefully. Tranexamic acid, on the other hand, was found to be the most reliable hemostatic agent for use in close proximity to neural tissues. Further studies are required to determine the efficacy of the hemostatic agents on peripheral nerve degeneration.Öğe Ganoderma lucidum, a promising agent possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects for treating calvarial defects with graft application in rats(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2019) Laçin, Nihat; İzol, Serhat Bozan; İpek, Fikret; Tuncer, Cudi MehmetPurpose: Ganoderma lucidum, a kind of mushroom used for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities, was investigated in the present study for its possible healing effect on calvarial defects with bone grafts. Methods: Wistar male rats (n = 30) were divided into 3 groups: 1) the control (defect) group (n = 10), 2) defect and graft group (n = 10), and 3) defect, graft, and G. lucidum treated group (n = 10). The G. lucidum was administered to the rats at 20 mL/kg per day via gastric lavage. Results: In the defect and graft group, osteonectin positive expression was observed in osteoblast and osteocyte cells at the periphery of the small bone trabeculae within the graft area. In the defect, graft, and G. lucidum treated group, osteonectin expression was positive in the osteoblast and osteocyte cells and positive osteonectin expression in new bone trabeculae. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was positive in the inflammatory cells, fibroblast cells, and degenerated collagen fibril areas within the defect area. Conclusion: This study shows that, with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, G. Lucidum is an important factor in the treatment of calvarial bone defects.Öğe Short-term use of resveratrol in alloplastic graft material applied with calvarial bone defects in rats(Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento de Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 2019) Laçin, Nihat; Deveci, EnginPurpose: The effects of resveratrol administration on calvarial bone defects with alloplastic graft material was investigated for osteoinductive reaction and bone development in rats. Methods: Healthy male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups consisting of 10 rats. Groups were as follows: control (defect) group, defect + graft group, and defect + graft + resveratrol group. A calvarial bone defect was created in all groups, alloplastic bone grafts were applied to the defect in the 2nd and 3rd group, resveratrol (5 mg/kg/day) was added to the drinking water of the animals following graft application for 28 days in the 3rd group. Results: Increase in osteoclasts and necrotic changes were observed histopathologically in the control group. In the 2nd group, reduction of inflammation, congestion of blood vessels, increased osteblastic activity, osteoinductive effect, progression of osteocyte development and increased collagen fibers in connective tissue were observed. In the 3rd group, osteoblasts seemed to secrete bone matrix and accelerate osteoinductive effect with increased osteopregenitor activity and positive osteopontin and osteonectin expressions. Conclusion: Resveratrol treatment was thought to be an alternative and supportive drug for implant application by inducing new bone formation in the calvaral defect region as a result of short-term treatment.Öğe Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the effect of endosteal implants with different macro designs on stress distribution in different bone qualities(Quintessence Publishing Co. Inc., 2019) Yalçın, Mustafa; Kaya, Beyza; Laçin, Nihat; Arı, EmrePurpose: The aim of this study was to analyze stress distribution on four different implant designs and four different qualities of cortical bone surrounding the implant crest modules using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Materials and Methods: Four different implant designs of the same diameter and length (3.75 × 11.5 mm) were used. Rhinoceros 4.0 3D modeling software was used for preparing the four types of bone quality (D1, D2, D3, and D4). Mandibular second premolar crowns were constructed as prosthetic superstructures of the implants, and a total force of 300 N was vertically applied to the crowns. Stress distribution on dental implants and cortical bone of D1, D2, D3, and D4 bone quality was evaluated. Results: Among all of the implants, the maximum von Mises stress value on cortical bone surrounding the neck region of the implants was found in D4 bone quality, while the minimum stress was detected in D1 bone quality. The stress distribution on the threads of dental implants exhibited the most homogenous distribution in D1 bone quality, while higher von Mises stress values were observed in the apical blade segment of the implants in D3 and D4 bone quality. Conclusion: It was found that the maximum stress of cortical bone surrounding the implant crest module decreased as the bone density increased. The microthreads on the implant crest module might cause an increase in stress to cortical bone surrounding the neck region of implants.
