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Öğe A continuing problem of tetanus in the southeast of Turkey(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 1997) Hoşoǧlu, Salih; Ayaz, Celal; Geyik, Mehmet Faruk; Yaǧmur, Yusuf; Kökoǧlu, Ömer Faruk; 0000-0002-0906-0902Tetanus continues to represent a serious health problem in developing countries [1,2]. Although tetanus is a rare disease in the developed countries [3], it is still common enough to cause concern in Turkey. During the years 1992-3, 75 deaths caused by tetanus were reported from Turkey [4]. Clinical details of 88 adult patients with tetanus who received treatment at our hospital are summarized in this report.Öğe CT of the brain in tuberculous meningitis: A review of 289 patients(Blackwell Munksgaard, 2000) Özateş, Mustafa; Kemaloǧlu, Serdar; Gürkan, Fuat; Özkan, Ümit; Hoşoǧlu, Salih; Şimşek, Masum M.Purpose: In this retrospective study, CT findings of 289 patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are presented and diagnostic criteria are discussed. Material and Methods: The medical records of patients who were diagnosed as having central nervous system tuberculosis were investigated. Cranial CT investigation of 289 patients with TBM were reviewed. Of these 289 patients, 214 were children and 75 adults; 157 patients were male and 132 were female. CT images were obtained with and without i.v. contrast administration. Result: CT findings were normal in 35 patients and abnormal in 254. The abnormalities were hydrocephalus (172 children, 32 adults), parenchymal enhancement (56 children, 6 adults), contrast enhancement of basal cisterns (32 children, 17 adults), cerebral infarct and focal or diffuse brain edema (29 children, 10 adults), and tuberculoma (9 children 5 adults). Conclusion: CT is pathologic in the great majority of patients with TBM and is helpful in assessing the complications associated with the disease.Öğe Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Turkish hospitals(Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd, 2007) Hoşoǧlu, Salih; Gündeş, Sibel G.; Kolaylı, Fetiye; Karadenizli, Aynur Y.; Demirdaǧ, Kutbettin; Günaydın, Murat; Altındiş, MustafaPurpose: To study the prevalence of TEM-, SHV- and GES-type ?-lactamases among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains having ceftazidime MICs higher than 2 mg/L. Methods: A total of 63 E. coli and 41 K. pneumoniae isolated from five different university hospitals were studied for the existence of TEM-, SHV- and GES-type ?-lactamases. Susceptibility tests were carried out according to the criteria of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. MICs were obtained by agar dilution method. Existence of extended-spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBLs) were assessed by double-disc synergy test (DDST). Existence of the above-mentioned ?-lactamase genes were studied both by PCR with specific oligonucleotide primers and isoelectric focusing methods. Results: None of the isolates were carbapenem-resistant. DDSTs were positive in 50 (79.3%) and 33 (80.5%) of E. coli and K. pneumoniae , respectively. TEM gene was detected in 41 (65.1%) and 19 (46.3%), whereas SHV gene in 18 (28.6%) and 20 (48.8%) of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains, respectively. GES genes were not detected. Conclusions: TEM and SHV genes are highly prevalent among ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae , whereas GES-type ESBLs are absent and found not to be responsible of ceftazidime resistance in Turkish hospitals.Öğe Tuberculous meningits in adults in Turkey: Epidemiology, diagnosis, clinic and laboratory(2003) Hoşoǧlu, Salih; Geyik, Mehmet Faruk; Balık, İsmail; Aygen, Bilgehan; Erol, Serpil; Aygencel, Gülbin; Mert, Ali A.; 0000-0002-0906-0902; 0000-0003-3630-8851; 0000-0002-8856-5019A retrospective study was performed to assess the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinic, and laboratory of the patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in a multicentral study. The medical records of adult cases with TBM treated at 12 university hospitals throughout Turkey, between 1985 and 1998 were reviewed using a standardized protocol. The diagnosis of TMB was established with the clinical and laboratory findings and/or microbiological confirmation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The non-microbiologically confirmed cases were diagnosed with five diagnostic sub-criteria which CSF findings, radiological findings, extra-neural tuberculosis, epidemiological findings and response to antituberculous therapy. A total of 469 patients were included in this study. Majority of the patients were from Southeast Anatolia (164 patients, 35.0%) and (108 patients, 23.0%) from East Anatolia regions. There was a close contact with a tuberculous patient in 88 of 341 patients (25.8%) and with a tuberculous family member in 53 of 288 patients (18.4%). BCG scar was positive in 161 of 392 patients (41.1%). Tuberculin skin test was done in 233 patients and was found to be negative in 75. Totally 115 patients died (24.5%) of whom 23 died in 24 hour after admittance. The diagnosis was confirmed with clinical findings and CSF culture and/or Ziehl-Nelson staining in 88 patients (18.8%). Besides clinical criteria, there were three or more diagnostic sub-criteria in 252 cases (53.7%), two diagnostic sub-criteria in 99 cases (21.1%), and any diagnostic sub-criteria in 30 patients (6.4%). Since TBM is a very critical disease, early diagnosis and treatment may reduce fatal outcome and morbidity.
