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Öğe Audiological evalutation of the cochlear nerve with brainstem evoked response audiometry in patients with COVID-19(Pisa Univ Press, 2022) Tas, Abdurrahim; Haznedar, Berzan; Tuncer, Mehmet CudiPurpose: In this clinical study, it was aimed to prospectively evaluate the cochlear nerve with brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) in terms of audiological ailments in patients with COVID-19. Although the relationship of COVID-19 with tinnutus and hearing loss has been investigated since the day this infectious respiratory disease emerged, its relationship with BERA has not been fully demonstrated from a neurological perspective.Methods: It was carried out on a group of patients who had COVID-19 in the last 6 months between February and August 2021 in Diyarbakir Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital. Patients between the ages of 18-50, who applied to the otorhinolaryngology and neurology clinic and had COVID-19 in the last 6 months, were selected. The COVID-19 group of our study consisted of 30 patients, 18 males and 12 females, who had had COVID-19 disease in the last 6 months, and 30 healthy individuals, 16 males and 14 females, as the control group.Results: In patients with COVID-19, the evaluation of the destruction of the cochlear nerve with BERA showed that there was a statistically significant prolongation in I-III and I-V interpeaks at 70, 80 and 90 db nhl.Conclusions: Statistically significant prolongation of especially I-III and I-V Interpeaks in BERA showed that COVID-19 has the potential to cause neuropathy. We believe that the BERA test should be considered in the neurological evaluation of cochlear nerve damage in patients with COVID-19 as a differential diagnosis.Öğe Effect of cadmium chloride toxicity on olfactory mucosa(Universidad de la Frontera, 2022) Haznedar, Berzan; Gök, Ertuğrul; Deveci, EnginCadmium is a highly toxic metal and affects the respiratory mucosa. The aim of the study is to show the inflammation and degenerative effect of cadmium on the olfactory mucosa. In this study, eight-week-old Wistar rats with an average weight of 170-190 g were divided into two groups (control and experiment) with 20 animals in each group and used in the experiments.The rats in the experimental group were given 2 mg/kg/day powdered cadmium chloride dissolved in water intraperitoneally every day for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the nasal cavity was completely removed with anesthesia. Concha nasalis superior was separated, fixed with zinc-Formalin solution and decalcified with 5 % EDTA (Ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid).After routine histopathological procedure, APAF-1 antibody was used for expression of Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry. Histopathological examination revealed interruptions in the basement membrane structure due to cadmium and degenerative changes in stem cells, degeneration in sensory cells and pycnosis in nuclei, dilatation in blood vessels and increased inflammation in connective tissue. APAF-1 expression was found to increase in epithelial cells and olfactory glands (Bowman gland) cells. It has been thought that cadmium toxicity increases cell degeneration and inflammation in the olfactory mucosa and may significantly affect cell death and olfactory metabolism by inducing the pro-apoptotic process.Öğe Effect of non-invasive bilateral sphenopalatine ganglion block on postoperative pain in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty surgery: a randomized controlled study(Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2024) Tosun Soner, Hulya; Haznedar, Berzan; Soner, Serdar; Erdal Erbatur, Meral; Acil, Fatma; Kaya, Sedat; Uzundere, OsmanBACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of preoperative sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) on postoperative pain and assess intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumption in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty. METHODS: In this prospective, randomized controlled study, 72 patients were included and divided into two groups: group 1 (36 patients) received the sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB), while group 2 (36 patients) served as the control group. Patient assessments, using the numerical rating scale (NRS), were conducted at the postoperative first hour, fourth hour, and 24 t h hour. Additionally, intraoperative hemodynamics, analgesic requirements, and postoperative analgesic requirements were documented. RESULTS: The patients in group 1 exhibited significantly lower NRS scores at postoperative first, fourth, and 24 t h hour than those in group 2 (P<0.001 for all three time points). Additionally, the mean Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale (RSAS) scores were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (P=0.006). Both intraoperative remifentanil use and postoperative analgesic consumption were significantly higher in patients in group 2 (P<0.001 and 0.004, respectively) than those in group 1. Analysis of intraoperative heart rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP) revealed that patients in group 1 had lower postoperative heart rates (P=0.040) than those in group 2, and MAP values after intraoperative block, at 30 min, and postoperatively were significantly lower (P=0.005, P=0.001, and P=0.034, respectively) than those in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: We advocate for the adoption of the noninvasive SPGB method in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty surgery. This approach significantly reduces the need for intraoperative analgesics, alleviates postoperative pain, and reduces the demand for postoperative analgesics. Moreover, it improves the overall surgical experience because of its ease of application, contributing to a more comfortable surgical process.Öğe Immune activity of Ki-67 during nasal polyp development(Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2023) Haznedar, Berzan; Kaplan, Özge; Aşır, Fırat; Ermiş, Işılay SezenOBJECTIVE: Nasal polyps are non-cancerous, soft painless growth of nasal mucosa. In this study, our aim was to investigate the Ki-67 expression level in nasal polyps by immunohistochemical method. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 30 patients with nasal polyps were included in this study. Nasal polyps were processed for paraffin wax embedding protocol. Samples were fixed and embedded in paraffin blocks. 5 µm sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin dye and immune stained with Ki-67 antibody. Sections were analyzed under light microscope. RESULTS: Blood parameters showed that white blood cells, hematocrit and platelet were higher than normal range. In sections of hematoxylin-eosin staining, elevated basal cells, thin basement membrane, leukocyte infiltration, collagen fibers degeneration were observed. Masson trichrome staining revealed that degenerative epithelial cells, detached basement membrane and edema were observed. Ki-67 expression was observed in mucosal epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells and plasma cells in immune staining. CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial degeneration in nasal polyps and leukocyte infiltration induce nasal adenoma. Ki-67 expression may be a diagnostic tool for epithelial leukocyte formation.Öğe The Relationship Between Social Phobia and the Stage of the Disease in Patients with Facial Paralysis(2024) Haznedar, Berzan; Ayral, MuhammedObjective: Considering the social communication problems this situation will cause, we studied the relationship between facial paralysis and social phobia. Material and Method: Our study was approved by Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital Ethics Committee, and we worked on 80 people as 40 control and 40 case groups. All patients signed informed consent form after objectives and methods of study were explained to them. Patients were examined after signing the informed consent form by experienced physicians. Paralysis of the patients was graded with the House-Brackmann scale. The Liebowitz social phobia symptoms scale was used to measure the level of social phobia. p< 0.05 and 95% confidence interval were accepted as statistical significance. Results: Everyone who experienced facial paralysis and its effects has anxiety about being in public and social environments. This condition manifested itself as a social phobia. In correlation analysis, we realized that a significant correlation was found between the severity of phobia and fact that facial paralysis is in an advanced stage: as a result of Pearson correlation analysis conducted, a weak significant positive correlation was found between the House-Brackmann Grading score and the Liebowitz Social Phobia Symptoms Scale score (r= 0,281, p< 0.05). Our study noted the patients' undergraduate status, marital status, and age. However, no relationship was found between these values and social phobia. Conclusion: Our study found a high incidence of social phobia in patients with facial paralysis. The severity of this phobia correlates with the severity of the disease.
