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Öğe CONSERVATION AND CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE METHODS ON SELECTED SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND CORN (ZEA MAYS L.) YIELD AND QUALITY UNDER CROPPIN SYSTEM IN TURKEY(Scientific Issues Natl Centre Agrarian Sciences, 2010) Sessiz, A.; Alp, A.; Gursoy, S.SESSIZ, A., A. ALP and S. GURSOY, 2010. Conservation and conventional tillage methods on selected soil physical properties and corn (Zea mays L.) yield and quality under croppin system in Turkey. Bulg. I Agric. Sci., 16: 597-608 This study was conducted to determine the effects of conventional and conservation tillage on the some soil physical properties, penetration resistance (PR), seedling emergence rate, yield and yield components under southestern of Turkey conditions. The experiments were carried out at 2003 and 2004 years in a clay loam soil. Six different soil tillage methods in corn production were tested. The experiment was performed in randomized block design with six treatments and each treatment consists of three replications. No significant (p>0.05) treatment differences in seedling emergence were found between the tillage treatments for both years. Plant height was found significant between years while treatment effects were not significant. However, the highest plant height was obtained in 2004 under CT tillage method. The stalk thickness was found significant between years while treatment effects were not significant. The cob length was not found significant between years and treatments. The lowest cob length was obtained under NT method. It was found that yield was significantly (p<0.01) different between years. The yield in the second year was found to be higher than that of the first year. The highest yield was found in CT method as 678.00 kg/da and the lowest yield was found in RT4 method as 535.66 kg/ha in year 2003. The highest yield was found in CT method as 778.66 kg/da and the lowest yield was found in RT4 method as 642.33 kg/ha in year 2004. The highest fuel comsumption was obsorved as 33.48 Lha(-1) in conventional method (CT) whereas the lowest value was found in direct seeding method as 6.6 Lha(-1).Öğe Effects of ridge and conventional tillage systems on soil properties and cotton growth(Gorgan Univ Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, 2011) Gursoy, S.; Sessiz, A.; Karademir, E.; Karademir, C.; Kolay, B.; Urgun, M.; Malhi, S. S.Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds are susceptible to low temperature and excess moisture in soil during seed emergence in years with high rainfall and low temperature in spring. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was carried out to evaluate effects of ridge tillage formed in autumn (RT-I), ridge tillage formed about a month before planting (RT-II) and flat conventional tillage (CT) cultivation systems on physical properties of soil and cotton growth. The RT-I and RT-II resulted in higher soil temperature and lower soil penetration resistance than CT at all depths. The RT-II gave highest emergence, earliest maturity and greatest seed cotton yield. In conclusion, ridge tillage formed a month before planting may be considered a good agronomic practice because it can provide favorable physical conditions in soil, while also improving growth and yield of cotton under weather conditions in spring in South East Anatolia Region of Turkey.Öğe Evaluating the Performance of Rotary and Tine Inter-Row Cultivators at Different Working Speeds(Tarbiat Modares Univ, 2021) Gursoy, S.; Ozaslan, C.An effective inter-row cultivator must destroy the weeds in the inter-row close to crop area without damaging the plants on the rows. Therefore, it is important to understand the soil disturbance of inter-row cultivation tools for optimizing the design and the use of inter-row cultivators. In this study, the performance of two different inter-row cultivators (the rotary inter-row cultivator and the tine inter-row cultivator) was investigated at three different working speeds (3.52, 6.11 and 7.82 km h(-1)) and at a working depth of 70 mm under corn planted field conditions. The performance indicators of inter-row cultivators included the soil burial Depth on crop (D), the unaffected strip Width around crop row (W), the Weeding efficiency (We), and the Damaged Plant ratio (D-P). The results of the study indicated that the rotary inter-row cultivator could be operated at 6.11 km h(-1) due to acceptable soil movement and low crop damage. However, the tine inter-row cultivator resulted in unacceptable soil movement and crop damage at 6.11 and 7.82 km h(-1) working speeds.Öğe EVALUATION OF INTER-ROW SWEEPS WITH DIFFERENT WORKING WIDTHS(Amer Soc Agricultural & Biological Engineers, 2017) Gursoy, S.; Chen, Y.Little information is available on the performance of inter-row sweeps. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of inter-row sweeps for mechanical weed control. Sweeps with different working widths (153, 280, and 330 mm) were tested at different working speeds (0.70, 1.53, and 2.22 m s(-1)) and a constant working depth (50 mm) in an indoor soil bin with a sandy loam soil. Measurements included soil disturbance characteristics: distance of soil throw (L), width of disturbed soil (W), mass of soil throw (M), height of soil ridge (H), and draft force (F-d). Results showed that L increased linearly with the working speed, but L was not affected by the working width of the sweeps. In contrast, W was slightly affected by the speed, but it was significantly increased if a wider sweep was used. Effects of working speed on M and H depended on the sweep width, and the smallest sweep traveling at 2.22 m s(-1) resulted in the highest M and H. Draft force was higher for a wider sweep and a higher working speed. Considering the potential weeding efficiency (defined as the ratio of W and F-d), the width of sweep would not make any differences, and a lower working speed would result in better performance.Öğe Short-term effects of tillage and residue management following cotton on grain yield and quality of wheat(Elsevier, 2010) Gursoy, S.; Sessiz, A.; Malhi, S. S.Grain yield and quality of winter wheat (Triticum durum L) are affected by several factors, and crop management has a very important role among them. A 3-year (from 2003-04 to 2005-06) field experiment under irrigation was carried out at Diyabakir in the South East Anatolia Region of Turkey to evaluate immediate effects of tillage and residue management systems after cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) on grain yield and quality [thousand grain weight (TGW), test weight (TW), protein content (PC) and mini sedimentation (mini SDS)] of durum wheat, and correlations among these parameters. A split plot design with three replications was used, in which two residue management treatments [collecting and removing cotton stalks from plots (S-Rem), and chopping and leaving of cotton stalks in plots (S-Lev)] were main plots, and six tillage and/or wheat planting method combination treatments [moldboard plough + cultivator + broadcast seeding + cultivator as conventional tillage-I (CT-I), moldboard plough + cultivator + drill as conventional tillage-II (CT-II), chisel plough + cultivator + drill as vertical tillage (VT), two passes of disk harrow + drill as reduced tillage-I (RT-I), rotary tiller + drill as reduced tillage-II (RT-II), and no-till ridge planting (RP)] were sub-plots. The effect of cotton residue management on grain yield, TW, PC, mini SDS was not significant, but S-Rem (51.21 g) gave significantly higher TGW than S-Lev (50.63 g). Tillage and/or wheat planting method combination treatments had a significant effect on grain yield. TGW and TW, but did not significantly influence PC and mini SDS. Conventional tillage with broadcast seeding (CT-I) treatment produced the lowest wheat grain yield (5.395 Mg ha(-1)), while there were no significant differences in grain yield among the other five tillage treatments (yields ranged from 5.671 to 5.819 Mg ha(-1)). In spite of supplemental irrigations, the variability of weather conditions, particularly the amount and distribution of rainfall during the growing season, had a significant influence on wheat grain yield and quality parameters (TGW, TW, PC, mini SDS). Grain yield had a significant positive correlation with TGW, but it did not show any relationship with other grain quality parameters. In conclusion, the findings suggest that conventional tillage with broadcast seeding would be less effective in producing grain yield of wheat compared to other five tillage treatments with row planting, while management of the previous cotton stalks may not have any effect on yield and quality of wheat except TGW. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
