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Öğe The effects of endosulfan on the great ramshorn snail Planorbarius corneus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2004) Otludil, B; Cengiz, EI; Yildirim, MZ; Ünver, Ö; Ünlü, EIn this study the great ramshorn snail (Planorbarius corneus), one of the most abundant gastropod of Turkish limnic systems, was investigated to determine the histopathological effects of endosulfan on the digestive gland, foot and mantle under laboratory conditions. Samples were collected from small artificial pools in Karaot at Gelendost-Isparta (Southwest of Turkey), where agricultural activities are widespread. The snails were exposed to two sublethal concentrations of endosulfan (0.4 and 0.8 mg/l) for periods of 10, 20 and 30 days. Fifteen snails were kept in 2.5 1 glass jars containing dechlorinated tap water and exposed under semi-static test (daily exchange of test water). All the testing was carried out on adult specimens, and snails were maintained on a photothermal period with 16 light hours at 22+/-2 degreesC. The histopathological examinations revealed the following changes: amoebocytes infiltration, dilatation in hemo-lymphatic spaces between the tubules, degeneration of cells, abnormal lumen, necrosis of cells and atrophy in the connective tissue of digestive gland; desquamation of the epithelium cells, changes in the number of mucocytes and protein gland cells, lipid vacuolus and atrophy of the columnar muscle fibers of the foot and mantle tissues. Pycnotic state of cells was also seen in the mantle tissues. Endosulfan caused significant histopathological alterations in the digestive gland, foot and mantle tissues of the snail, irrespective of concentrations of the pesticide and its exposure periods. The results are discussed, particularly in comparison to those of other aquatic organisms. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The effects of the different concentrations of Thiodan® on the mortality rates of Gambusia affinis and Gammarus pulex.(Mbr Press Inc, 1999) Cengiz, EI; Ünlü, EIn this study, the acute toxicity of thiodan(R) on Gambusia affinis (Cyprinidontidae: Pisces) and Gammarus pulex (Amphiopoda: Crustacea) have been examined. In acute toxicity tests, the LC,, values at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours were investigated for Gammarus Pulex exposed to Thiodan(R) concentrations of 0.00 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, 35.0, 50.0, 100.0 mu/lt. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours LC50 values were determined as 10.641, 8.755, 4.544 and 3.248 mu/lt, respectively. Moreover, LC50 values at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours were investigated for Gambusia affinis exposed to Thiodan(R) concentrations of 0.00 (control), 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 5.00, 10.00, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 30.0, 50.0, 100.0 dir. The 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours LC50 values were determined as 14.415, 12.077, 10.035 and 6.116 mu/lt, respectively.Öğe Histopathological changes in the gills of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis exposed to Endosulfan(Springer-Verlag, 2002) Cengiz, EI; Ünlü, E[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The histopathological effects of Thiodan® on the liver and gut of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis(Marcel Dekker Inc, 2001) Cengiz, EI; Ünlü, E; Balci, KThiodan (R) (33.7% endosulfan), a polychlorinated cyclodiene insecticide, was evaluated for its histopathological effects on mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, by light microscopy. Fish were exposed to doses of 0.00 (control), 1.00, 2.50, and 5.00 mug/L on days 7, 14, 21, and 30. No histopathological effects were apparent at control group. The histopathological alterations were characterized as oedema, degeneration, accumulation of lymphocytes in the lamina propria, disintegration of villuses, pycnotic state of nuclei, and necrosis in gut; degeneration, hypertrophy, sinusoids enlargement, hemorrhage, pycnosis position of nuclei, vacuolization of cell cytoplasm, infiltration of mononuclear lymphocyte, and congestion in liver. These alterations were time- and dose-dependent.Öğe Histopathology of gills in mosquitorish, Gambusia affinis after long-term exposure to sublethal concentrations of malathion(Marcel Dekker Inc, 2003) Cengiz, EI; Ünlü, EThe histopathological effects of malathion, an organophosphate pesticide, on the gill tissues in mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, were determined by light microscope. The fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.01 and 0.02 mg/L) of malathion for 10, 20 and 30 days. Histological examination of the gills treated with malathion showed a variety of histopathological effects. The gill lesions included necrosis and desquamation of secondary lamellar epithelium, lifting up of epithelium, intraepithelial oedema, fusion of adjacent secondary lamellae, haemorrhage at primary lamellae, disorganization and rupture in seconder lamellae, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of epithelial cells. These alterations were time- and dose-dependent.Öğe Sublethal effects of commercial deltamethrin on the structure of the gill, liver and gut tissues of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis(Elsevier Science Bv, 2006) Cengiz, EI; Unlu, EThe histopathological effects of deltamethrin on the gill, liver and out tissues of the mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis were determined by light microscopy. The fish were exposed to two Sublethal concentrations of deltamethrin (0.25-0.50 mu g/l) for periods of 10, 20 and 30 days. The most common gill changes at all doses of deltamethrin were desquamation and necrosis. Besides, epithelial hypertrophy, lifting of the lamellar epithelium, oederna, dilatation of the capillaries primary lamellae, aneurism, epithelial hyperplasia and fusion of the secondary lamellae were other histopathological effects. Hepatic lesions in the liver tissues of fish exposed to deltamethrin were characterized by hypertrophy of hepatocytes, significant increase of kupffer cells, circulatory disturbances, focal necrosis, fatty degeneration, nuclear pycnosis and narrowing of sinusoids. Infiltration of mononuclear leucocyte and eosinophils towards lamina propria, necrosis were detected in gut tissues of fish after exposure to deltamethrin. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.
