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    Can deep learning replace histopathological examinations in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy?
    (Springer, 2024) Can, Sermin; Turk, Omer; Ayral, Muhammed; Kozan, Gunay; Ari, Hamza; Akdag, Mehmet; Baylan, Muezeyyen Yildirim
    IntroductionWe aimed to develop a diagnostic deep learning model using contrast-enhanced CT images and to investigate whether cervical lymphadenopathies can be diagnosed with these deep learning methods without radiologist interpretations and histopathological examinations.Material methodA total of 400 patients who underwent surgery for lymphadenopathy in the neck between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were examined in four groups of 100 patients: the granulomatous diseases group, the lymphoma group, the squamous cell tumor group, and the reactive hyperplasia group. The diagnoses of the patients were confirmed histopathologically. Two CT images from all the patients in each group were used in the study. The CT images were classified using ResNet50, NASNetMobile, and DenseNet121 architecture input.ResultsThe classification accuracies obtained with ResNet50, DenseNet121, and NASNetMobile were 92.5%, 90.62, and 87.5, respectively.ConclusionDeep learning is a useful diagnostic tool in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy. In the near future, many diseases could be diagnosed with deep learning models without radiologist interpretations and invasive examinations such as histopathological examinations. However, further studies with much larger case series are needed to develop accurate deep-learning models.
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    İleri evre larinks kanserlerinde tiroidektomi yapmak gerekli midir?
    (Pleksus Bilişim Teknolojileri, 2022) Ayral, Muhammed; Can, Sermin; Sırma, Enes; Akdağ, Mehmet
    Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ileri evre larinks kanserlerinde total larenjektomi ile aynı seansta çıkarılan tiroid bezinin histopatolojik incelemesinde tiroid bezi invazyonunu belirlemek ve tiroid bezi invazyonu ile tümörün yerleştiği anatomik bölge, tümörün T evrelemesi ve ekstralaringeal yayılımı arasında ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Materyal Metod: 2010- 2018 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Kulak Burun Boğaz kliniğinde ileri evre larinks kanseri (T3 ve T4a) nedeniyle Total Larenjektomi ameliyatı yapılan hastaların tıbbi kayıtlarını retrospektif olarak inceledik. Hastalar tiroid bezi tutulumu olan hastalar (TGİ +) ve tiroid bezi tutulumu olmayan hastalar (TGİ -) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Ayrıca hastalarda tiroid bezi invazyonu varlığı, subglottik bölge invazyonu, tiroid ve krikoid kıkırdakların invazyonu, prelarengeal lenf nodu pozitifliği, patolojik inceleme sonucu tümör boyutu, anjiyolenfatik ve perinöral invazyon varlığı bulguları not edildi. İki grup arasında bu bulgulara göre karşılaştırma yapıldı. Bulgular: Tiroid gland invazyonu olan hastalarda yaş, cinsiyet, klinik evre, lenf nodu tutulumu ve tümör boyutu açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Tiroid gland invazyonu olan hastalarda krikoid kartilaj invazyon oranı, subglottik bölge tutulum oranı, Tiroid kartilaj invazyon oranı ve krikoid kartilaj invazyon oranı anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Bu hastalarda perinöral invazyon oranı ve lenfovasküler invazyon oranı açısından istatiksel olarak bir fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: İleri evre larinks kanserlerlerinde tiroid gland invazyon oranı düşüktür. Kikoid kartilaj tutulumu, tiroid kartilaj tututlumu ve subglottik yayılım tiroid gland invazyonu için risk faktörleridir. Total larenjektomilerde bu risk faktörlerine göre tiroidektomiye karar vermek gerekmektedir ve gereksiz tiroidektomiden kaçınmak gerekir.
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    The long-term results of suture and graft techniques used to increase tip projection and rotation in open technique septorhinoplasty
    (Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2022) Can, Sermin; Bayındır, Tuba; Erdem, Tamer; Toprak, Serdar Ferit
    Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term results of suture and graft techniques used to increase tip projection and rotation in Open Technique Septorhinoplasty. Methods: In this study, the data of 89 patients who underwent Open Technique Septorhinoplasty were analysed retrospectively. The patients were divided into groups 1,2,3,4 and 5 according to the suture and graft techniques used. Preoperative and postoperative photographs of all patients included in the study at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 36th and 60th months were analyzed. To measure and compare these techniques, tip projection and rotation losses were measured on all photographs using a computer program called Imagej. Results: A statistically significant increase was found between the preoperative mean Nasolabial Angle (NLA), Type Angle (TA), Byrd–Hobar Method (BHM) and Nasofacial Angle (NFsA) measurement values and the measurement values at 36th months postoperatively in Groups 1 and 4 (p < 0.05). In Group 2, a statistically significant increase was found between preoperative mean NLA, TA and BHM measurement values and postoperative 36th month measurement values (p < 0.05). In group 1 only, there was a statistically significant difference between the preoperative mean TA, BHM, Simons Method (SM), Goode Method (GM) and Powell-Modified Baum Method (PMBM) measurement values and the postoperative measurement values at 60th months (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results showed that suture techniques were more effective on projection and rotation than graft techniques in the long term.