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    Anti-Cataract effect of the traditional aqueouse extract of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.): An in ovo perspective
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024) Öncü, Şeyma; Kızılkaya, Merve Becit; Bilir, Abdulkadir; Sarıtaş, Alperen; Söylemez, Evrim Suna Arıkan; Koca, Halit Buğra; Fırat, Fatma; Kaplan, Afife Büşra Uğur; Yılmaz, Mustafa Abdullah
    Introduction: The therapeutic effect of different doses of the traditional aqueous extract of dried leaves of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) was investigated in an experimental cataract model in chicken embryos. Methods and Results: LC-MS/MS analysis allowed the identification and quantification of 53 metabolites. In the hydrocortisone-induced cataract model, lenses were examined morphologically after treatment and parameters related to oxidative stress (total antioxidant/oxidant status (TAS/TOS), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) were evaluated. Antiproliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 H-scores were determined and crystallin alpha A (CRYAA) gene expression in the lenses was measured by RT-PCR. The degree of cataract decreased in all treatment groups. While there was no significant difference in TAS levels compared to the negative control, TOS, GSH, and MDA levels were dose-dependently regulated. Treatment groups other than the high-dose group regulated the decrease in PCNA and the increase in caspase-3. CRYAA gene expression increased significantly only at the lowest dose. Conclusion: YM, which is becoming increasingly popular as a traditional tea, showed a therapeutic effect on hydrocortisone-induced cataracts in chicken embryos at relatively low doses.