Yazar "Ayral, Muhammed" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 14 / 14
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Adenoidektomi /adenotonsillektomi öncesi ve sonrası dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğunun değerlendirilmesi(2016) Ayral, Muhammed; Yıldırım Baylan, MüzeyyenAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı adenoidektomi ya da adenotonsillektomi yapılması planlanan hastalarda dikkat eksikliği, hiperaktivite ve impulsivite gibi davranışsal problemlerin belirlenmesi ve cerrahinin bu davranış problemlerine olan etkisinin incelenmesidir. Materyal ve Metod: Bu prospektif çalışmaya Ocak 2010 ile Mayıs 2011 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi KBB servisinde klinik ve anamnezine dayanılarak tanı konulup operasyona hazırlanan, adenoid veya adenotonsil hipertrofisi nedeniyle obstruktif semptomları olan 63 hasta (29 kız, 34 erkek) dahil edilmiştir. Yaş aralığı 4-13 arasında seçilmiştir. Kontrol grubu 33 (18 kız, 17 erkek) sağlıklı çocuktan oluşturuldu. Hasta ebeveynlerine preoperatif dönemde DSM-IV Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu tanı kriterlerinden modifiye edilmiş 20 soruluk anket formu doldurtulmuştur. Hastalara adenoidektomi veya adenotonsillektomi operasyonu uygulanmıştır. Ebeveynler tarafından postoperatif 2-15. ayda anket formu tekrar doldurulmuştur. Bulgular: Onbeş hastaya adenoid hipertrofisi nedeniyle adenoidektomi, 13 hastaya kronik adenotonsil hipertrofisi nedeniyle adenotonsillektomi ve kalan 35 hastaya kronik tonsillit veya reküren tonsillitle birlikte adenoid hipertrofisi olması nedeniyle adenotonsillektomi yapılmıştır. Hastalar preoperatif ve postoperatif olarak dikkat eksikliği, hiperaktivite ve impulsivite açısından karşılaştırıldı ve istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edildi (p=0.000). Hasta grubu ve kontrol grubu arasında preoperatif veriler açısından anlamlı fark tespit edildi (p=0.000). Hasta grupu postoperatif veriler açısından kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldı ve anlamlı fark elde edildi (p<0.05). Sonuç: Adenotonsil hipertrofisine bağlı obstruksiyon bulguları olan çocuklarda dikkat eksikliği, hiperaktivite ve impulsivite gibi davranışsal problemler sık görülmektedir. Adenotonsillektomi operasyonu ile bu davranışsal problemlerde gerileme görülmektedir.Öğe Can deep learning replace histopathological examinations in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy?(Springer, 2024) Can, Sermin; Turk, Omer; Ayral, Muhammed; Kozan, Gunay; Ari, Hamza; Akdag, Mehmet; Baylan, Muezeyyen YildirimIntroductionWe aimed to develop a diagnostic deep learning model using contrast-enhanced CT images and to investigate whether cervical lymphadenopathies can be diagnosed with these deep learning methods without radiologist interpretations and histopathological examinations.Material methodA total of 400 patients who underwent surgery for lymphadenopathy in the neck between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were examined in four groups of 100 patients: the granulomatous diseases group, the lymphoma group, the squamous cell tumor group, and the reactive hyperplasia group. The diagnoses of the patients were confirmed histopathologically. Two CT images from all the patients in each group were used in the study. The CT images were classified using ResNet50, NASNetMobile, and DenseNet121 architecture input.ResultsThe classification accuracies obtained with ResNet50, DenseNet121, and NASNetMobile were 92.5%, 90.62, and 87.5, respectively.ConclusionDeep learning is a useful diagnostic tool in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy. In the near future, many diseases could be diagnosed with deep learning models without radiologist interpretations and invasive examinations such as histopathological examinations. However, further studies with much larger case series are needed to develop accurate deep-learning models.Öğe Clinical outcomes of transcervical and transoral approaches in parapharyngeal abscesses(Istanbul University Press, 2024) Can, Şermin; Ayral, Muhammed; Kozan, Günay; Akdağ, MehmetObjective: The aim of this study was to identify the microorganisms cultured from abscesses in patients who underwent drainage with transoral and transcervical approaches and to compare the demographic data, anaesthesia duration, and length of hospital stay of patients using both techniques. Material and Methods: We included 96 patients who underwent surgery for parapharyngeal abscesses at the Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Ear, Nose, and Throat and Head and Neck Surgery Clinic between 2015 and 2023. Drainage was performed using a transoral approach in 48 patients and using a transcervical approach in 48 patients. We compared both groups based on gender, age, comorbidities, bacteriology, length of hospital stay, and duration of anaesthesia. Results: Upon evaluating the culture results for all patients in both groups, we found that no growth was detected in 50% of the cultures, whereas growth was detected in the other 50%. The average duration of anaesthesia in the transcervical group was 85 min, whereas in the transoral group, it was 52 min, with the duration of anaesthesia in the transoral group being significantly shorter than in the transcervical group. The average length of hospital stay in the transcervical group was 10 days, whereas in the transoral group, it was 8 days, indicating a significantly shorter hospital stay in the transoral group. Conclusion: In our study, we found that patients undergoing transoral drainage had less morbidity, shorter anaesthesia duration and length of hospital stays. © 2024, Istanbul University Press. All rights reserved.Öğe The diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration biopsy in parotid tumors(Springer India, 2021) Ayral, Muhammed; Akıl, Ferit; Yılmaz, Ümit; Toprak, Serdar Ferit; Dedeoğlu, Serkan; Akdağ, MehmetThe aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy rates of the patients who underwent an operation for parotid mass, by comparing their fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytology results with the final pathology. A total of 136 patient files of those who applied to Otorhinolaryngology clinic due to parotid mass and underwent parotidectomy procedure between 2010 and 2020 at a tertiary center were scanned retrospectively. Database on patient age, gender, preoperative FNAB results, and final surgical histopathology results was created. The mean age of the patients was 48.26 +/- 17.37 Superficial parotidectomy was performed to 108 (79.4%) and total parotidectomy to 28 (20.6%) of the patients. The sensitivity of FNAB was found as 85.2%, specificity as 96.2%, positive predictive value as 85.2%, negative predictive value as 96.2% and accuracy as 94.0%. It is found that FNAB has the high specificity and high negative predictive value with high diagnostic accuracy on detecting preoperative malignancy in parotid gland. We think that FNAB is a significant, necessary and safe method in the diagnosis of parotid lesions in preoperative sense.Öğe The effects of ethyl pyruvate against experimentally induced cisplatin ototoxicity in rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Ayral, Muhammed; Toprak, Serdar FeritIntroduction: Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely used antineoplastic drug. However, its use is limited due to the ototoxic side effects. In this study, the effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP), known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, against CDDP ototoxicity were investigated. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats (n:8) were used in this study. CDDP was administered i.p. as a single dose of 15 mg/kg/day in order to cause ototoxicity. EP was applied i.p. at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 7 days. Results: When the Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) tests carried out in the pre-treatment and post-treatment periods were examined, it was observed that the hearing functions were significantly impaired with the CDDP application, while a significant improvement was observed in the CDDP + EP group. Compared to the control group, the CDDP group had significantly higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and significantly lower glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels. In the CDDP + EP group, there was no deterioration in MDA, SOD and CAT levels that was observed in the CDDP group. The increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha) levels caused by CDDP administration was observed to be significantly decreased in the CDDP + EP group. Conclusions: Hearing tests and biochemical results show that ethyl pyruvate is protective against cisplatin ototoxicity with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.Öğe ENT emergencies during pregnancy(Springer International Publishing, 2022) Ayral, Muhammed; Baylan, Müzeyyen Yıldırım; Chua, Dennis Yu Kim; 0000-0002-2421-4842Otorhinolaryngological (ENT) emergencies can affect individuals of all age groups. ENT emergencies are of high importance due to the vital organs located in the head and neck region. The approach to the pregnant patient is of higher importance due to the presence of two living individuals. Otorhinolaryngological emergencies may occur due to various metabolic, endocrinological, and physiological changes during pregnancy. For the management of these emergencies, physicians must be familiar with all medical evidence and guidelines. The emergency treatment of most pregnant patients requires a multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians and anesthesiologists in addition to otorhinolaryngologists. A treatment or intervention should be implemented after obtaining maternal informed consent regarding the possible effects on the mother and fetus. In this section, we tried to summarize how physicians should approach pregnant patients presenting with ENT emergencies.Öğe Evaluation of Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit, and Impulsivity Before and After Adenoidectomy/Adenotonsillectomy Surgery(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013) Ayral, Muhammed; Baylan, Muzeyyen Yildirim; Kinis, Vefa; Bez, Yasin; Bakir, Salih; Ozbay, Musa; Yorgancilar, EdizObjective: The objective of this study was to determine the severity of attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity symptoms in patients with obstructive airway problems scheduled to undergo adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy operation. The effects of the surgical treatment on these symptoms will also be investigated in a case-control design. Methods: This prospective study included 63 patients (29 girls, 34 boys) who were operated on at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dicle University Medical School, between January 2010 and May 2011 because of obstructive symptoms caused by adenoid or adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The age range of the patients was between 4 and 13 years. The control group consisted of 33 (17 girls, 16 boys) healthy children. Results: Among the patients, 15 children underwent adenoidectomy because of adenoid hypertrophy; 13 patients had adenotonsillectomy because of adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and the remaining patients underwent adenotonsillectomy related with chronic or recurrent tonsillitis with adenoid hypertrophy. Based on the preoperative data, statistically significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups. The patients' attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity symptoms preoperatively and postoperatively have shown statistically significant differences. Conclusions: Attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity symptoms were common among the children who show signs of airway obstruction due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy operations were both observed to be associated with improvement in these symptoms.Öğe How advantageous is it to use computed tomography image-based artificial intelligence modelling in the differential diagnosis of chronic otitis media with and without cholesteatoma?(Verduci Editore s.r.l, 2023) Ayral, Muhammed; Türk, Ömer; Can, Şermin; Esen, D.; Topçu, İsmail; Akıl, Ferit; Temiz, HakanOBJECTIVE: Cholesteatoma (CHO) developing secondary to chronic otitis media (COM) can spread rapidly and cause important health problems such as hearing loss. Therefore, the presence of CHO should be diagnosed promptly with high accuracy and then treated surgically. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence applications (AIA) in documenting the presence of CHO based on computed tomography (CT) images. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was performed on CT images of 100 CHO, 100 non-cholesteatoma (N-CHO) COM, and 100 control patients. Two AIA models including Res-Net50 and MobileNetV2 were used for the classification of the images. RESULTS: Overall accuracy rate was 93.33% for the ResNet50 model and 86.67% for the MobilNetV2 model. Moreover, the diagnostic accuracy rates of these two models were 100% and 95% in the CHO group, 90% and 85% in the N-CHO group, and 90% and 80% in the control group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the use of AIA in the diagnosis of CHO will improve the diagnostic accuracy rates and will also help physicians in terms of reducing their workload and facilitating the selection of the correct treatment strategy.Öğe İleri evre larinks kanserlerinde tiroidektomi yapmak gerekli midir?(Pleksus Bilişim Teknolojileri, 2022) Ayral, Muhammed; Can, Sermin; Sırma, Enes; Akdağ, MehmetGiriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ileri evre larinks kanserlerinde total larenjektomi ile aynı seansta çıkarılan tiroid bezinin histopatolojik incelemesinde tiroid bezi invazyonunu belirlemek ve tiroid bezi invazyonu ile tümörün yerleştiği anatomik bölge, tümörün T evrelemesi ve ekstralaringeal yayılımı arasında ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Materyal Metod: 2010- 2018 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Kulak Burun Boğaz kliniğinde ileri evre larinks kanseri (T3 ve T4a) nedeniyle Total Larenjektomi ameliyatı yapılan hastaların tıbbi kayıtlarını retrospektif olarak inceledik. Hastalar tiroid bezi tutulumu olan hastalar (TGİ +) ve tiroid bezi tutulumu olmayan hastalar (TGİ -) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Ayrıca hastalarda tiroid bezi invazyonu varlığı, subglottik bölge invazyonu, tiroid ve krikoid kıkırdakların invazyonu, prelarengeal lenf nodu pozitifliği, patolojik inceleme sonucu tümör boyutu, anjiyolenfatik ve perinöral invazyon varlığı bulguları not edildi. İki grup arasında bu bulgulara göre karşılaştırma yapıldı. Bulgular: Tiroid gland invazyonu olan hastalarda yaş, cinsiyet, klinik evre, lenf nodu tutulumu ve tümör boyutu açısından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Tiroid gland invazyonu olan hastalarda krikoid kartilaj invazyon oranı, subglottik bölge tutulum oranı, Tiroid kartilaj invazyon oranı ve krikoid kartilaj invazyon oranı anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Bu hastalarda perinöral invazyon oranı ve lenfovasküler invazyon oranı açısından istatiksel olarak bir fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: İleri evre larinks kanserlerlerinde tiroid gland invazyon oranı düşüktür. Kikoid kartilaj tutulumu, tiroid kartilaj tututlumu ve subglottik yayılım tiroid gland invazyonu için risk faktörleridir. Total larenjektomilerde bu risk faktörlerine göre tiroidektomiye karar vermek gerekmektedir ve gereksiz tiroidektomiden kaçınmak gerekir.Öğe Protective effect of ethyl pyruvate on amikacin-induced ototoxicity in rats(Verduci Publisher, 2022) Dedeoğlu, Serkan; Ayral, MuhammedOBJECTIVE: Amikacin (AMK) is a widely used antibiotic, but its ototoxic side effects limit its use. This study investigated the effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP). known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, against AMK ototoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 Wistar albino rats (n: 8) were used in this study. To cause ototoxicity, AMK 600 mg/kg/day dose was applied intramuscularly for 14 days. EP was administered via ip at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 14 days. RESULTS: The Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) tests were performed on the study's 0, 7, and 14 days. The results have shown that the hearing functions were significantly impaired with the AMK application. A significant improvement was observed in the AM-K+EP group. While total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were found to be significantly higher in the AMK group compared to the control group. total antioxidant status (TAS) level was found to be significantly lower. In the AM-K+EP group, on the other hand, deterioration in TOS, OSI, and MDA levels detected in the AMK group was not observed. No elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were present in the EP+AMK group, which were detected in the AMK group. CONCLUSIONS: Hearing tests and biochemical results show that ethyl pyruvate has protective effects against amikacin ototoxicity due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.Öğe The Relationship Between Social Phobia and the Stage of the Disease in Patients with Facial Paralysis(2024) Haznedar, Berzan; Ayral, MuhammedObjective: Considering the social communication problems this situation will cause, we studied the relationship between facial paralysis and social phobia. Material and Method: Our study was approved by Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital Ethics Committee, and we worked on 80 people as 40 control and 40 case groups. All patients signed informed consent form after objectives and methods of study were explained to them. Patients were examined after signing the informed consent form by experienced physicians. Paralysis of the patients was graded with the House-Brackmann scale. The Liebowitz social phobia symptoms scale was used to measure the level of social phobia. p< 0.05 and 95% confidence interval were accepted as statistical significance. Results: Everyone who experienced facial paralysis and its effects has anxiety about being in public and social environments. This condition manifested itself as a social phobia. In correlation analysis, we realized that a significant correlation was found between the severity of phobia and fact that facial paralysis is in an advanced stage: as a result of Pearson correlation analysis conducted, a weak significant positive correlation was found between the House-Brackmann Grading score and the Liebowitz Social Phobia Symptoms Scale score (r= 0,281, p< 0.05). Our study noted the patients' undergraduate status, marital status, and age. However, no relationship was found between these values and social phobia. Conclusion: Our study found a high incidence of social phobia in patients with facial paralysis. The severity of this phobia correlates with the severity of the disease.Öğe Seroprevalence of francisella tularensis in patients with neck mass complaints(İzzet Baysal Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi, 2023) Toprak, Serdar Ferit; Ayral, Muhammed; Dedeoğlu, Serkan; Özbek, Erdal; Temiz, HakanBackground: Tularemia is a zoonotic disease endemic in the northern hemisphere. The causative agent of the disease is Francisella tularensis. F.tularensis is endemic in Turkey, predominantly in the Marmara and Black Sea regions, and causes small outbreaks. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of F.tularensis in patients admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic with the complaint of neck mass by using two different methods. Methods: Serum samples were collected from patients who were admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Hospitals between January 2021 and December 2021 with the complaint of neck mass. A commercially available immunochromatographic lateral flow test (ICT) and a single-assay chemiluminescence test (CHT) were used to detect F.tularensis antibodies. Rose-Bengal test was performed on all sera to determine cross-reactions with antibodies produced in brucellosis. Brucella immunocapture agglutination tests (BCT) were performed on the sera of patients with positive screening tests. Results: The ages of patients diagnosed with neck mass ranged between 14–70 years, with a mean age of 44.5±12.1 years. Sixty two (62%) of the patients were male, and 38 (38%) were female. When the test results were evaluated, two sera were positive for F.tularensis by both ICT and CHT methods. The first serum tests were negative for Brucella. The titer of the second serum in the chemiluminescence test was low positive. Conclusion: Tularemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with neck mass complaints, especially in patients living in rural areas, and specific diagnostic tests should be performed. In addition, a more comprehensive seroprevalence study supported by molecular testing techniques to be conducted in Diyarbakır will provide clearer data on the extent to which tularemia affects our region and which subspecies is the causative agent.Öğe Şiddetli obstrüktif uyku apnesi sendromunda servikal vestibüler uyarılmış miyojenik potansiyellerde oluşan değişimler(Türkiye Klinikleri Yayınevi, 2022) Dedeoğlu, Serkan; Ayral, Muhammed; Toprak, Serdar FeritAmaç: Obstrüktif uyku apnesi sendromu (OUAS), uyku sırasında solunum yolunun kısmen tıkanması ile karakterize bir hastalıktır ve şiddetli vakalarda hipooksijenasyona bağlı olarak beyin sapı hasarı gözlenebilir. Servikal vestibüler uyarılmış miyojenik potansiyeller [vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (sVEMP)] testi beyin sapı hasarının tespitinde kullanılan kolay, noninvaziv bir testtir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, şiddetli OUAS hastalarında gelişebilecek beyin sapı hasarının tespitinde sVEMP testinin geçerliliğini ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, Eylül 2021-Ocak 2022 tarihleri arasında uyku merkezine başvuran 40 hasta (80 kulak) üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma, kontrol ve şiddetli OUAS olmak üzere 2 grup üzerinden planlandı. Apne-Hipoapne İndeks (AHİ) değeri 5’in altında olan 20 hasta kontrol grubuna, AHİ değeri 30’un üzerinde ve oksijen saturasyonu %65’in altında olan 20 hasta OUAS grubuna dâhil edildi. Hastalara rutin odiyometrik muayeneye ilave olarak sVEMP testi uygulandı. Bulgular: İstatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldığında yaş, cinsiyet ve beden kitle indeksi değerleri açısından kontrol ve OUAS grubu arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmedi (p>0,05). sVEMP sonuçlarına bakıldığında p1, n1, p2, n2, p1n1 amplitüd ve p1n1 interval değerleri açısından 2 grup arasında anlamlı farklılık gözlenirken, n2p2 amplitüd ve interval değerleri açısından anlamlı farklılık gözlenmedi. Sonuç: Yapılan çalışmalarda sVEMP testinin başta Parkinson, multipl skleroz ve inme gibi hastalıklarda gelişen beyin sapı hasarını değerlendirmede kullanışlı bir yöntem olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar ucuz ve noninvaziv bir yöntem olan sVEMP testinin şiddetli OUAS hastalarında beyin sapı hasarını ortaya koymak amacıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.Öğe Solunum sıkıntısı olan bir yenidoğan(Turkish Pediatric Association, 2011) Bakır, Salih; Kelekçi, Selvi; Yorgancılar, A. Ediz; Gün, Ramazan; Miroğlu, Berzan; Ayral, MuhammedDo¤um öncesi izlemlerinde herhangi bir sorun olmayan, miad›nda, sezaryen ile do¤urtulmufl erkek bebek, do¤um sonras› ikinci günde solunum s›k›nt›s›, stridor ve giderek artan morarma yak›nmas› geliflmesi üzerine çocuk acil servisine getirildi. Acil flartlarda düzeltilmeye çal›fl›lan hasta orotrakeal entübe edilerek yenido¤an yo¤un bak›m birimine al›nd›. Kardiyovasküler ve solunum sistemi baflta olmak üzere fizik incelemesinde patolojik bir bulguya rastlanmad›. Koanal atrezisi yoktu. Hastan›n oda havas›nda oksijen doygunlu¤u %86, kalp tepe at›m› 140/dak, dakika solunum say›s› 38/dak idi. Kan gaz› ve di¤er hematolojik tetkikler normaldi. Radyolojik inceleme için çekilen arka-ön akci¤er grafisinde patolojik bir bulguya rastlanmad›.
