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Öğe Amblyopia and Refractive Errors Among School-Aged Children With Low Socioeconomic Status in Southeastern Turkey(Slack Inc, 2013) Caca, Ihsan; Cingu, Abdullah Kursat; Sahin, Alparslan; Ari, Seyhmus; Dursun, Mehmet Emin; Dag, Umut; Balsak, SelahattinPurpose: To investigate the prevalence of refractive errors and other eye diseases, incidence and types of amblyopia in school-aged children, and their relation to gender, age, parental education, and socioeconomic factors. Methods: A total of 21,062 children 6 to 14 years old were screened. The examination included visual acuity measurements and ocular motility evaluation. Autorefraction under cycloplegia and examination of the external eye, anterior segment, media, and fundus were performed. Results: There were 11,118 females and 9,944 males. The average age was 10.56 +/- 3.59 years. When all of the children were evaluated, 3.2% had myopia and 5.9% had hyperopia. Astigmatism 0.50 D or greater was present in 14.3% of children. Myopia was associated with older age, female gender, and higher parental education. Hyperopia was inversely proportional with older age. Spectacles were needed in 4,476 (22.7%) children with refractive errors, and 10.6% of children were unaware of their spectacle needs. Amblyopia was detected in 2.6% of all children. The most common causes of amblyopia were anisometropia (1.2%) and strabismus (0.9%). Conclusion: Visual impairment is a common disorder in school-aged children. Eye health screening programs are beneficial in early detection and proper treatment of refractive errors. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50:37-43.]Öğe Anterior segment parameters of rabbits with rotating Scheimpflug camera(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Yuksel, Harun; Turkcu, Fatih M.; Ari, Seyhmus; Cinar, Yasin; Cingu, Abdullah K.; Sahin, Muhammed; Sahin, AlparslanBackgroundRabbit is one of the most commonly used experimental animals for corneal studies due to similarity of size to human cornea and ease of manipulation. In this study, we assessed anterior segment parameters of the healthy rabbit eyes with Pentacam HR (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). MethodsSix-month-old, approximately 2.5-3kg weighted, 30 female New Zealand rabbits were used in the study. Right eye of the each rabbit was imaged with Pentacam HR under intramuscular ketamine hydrochloride (Ketalar; Eczacibasi, Turkey) anesthesia (50mg/kg). After the imaging, the rabbits with blinking errors, which results in low-quality images, were excluded from the study. Keratometric readings, central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior and posterior elevation values, and lens density were noted. ResultsIn this study, the flattest and the steepest keratometric values were found as 43.341.86, 42.7 +/- 2.0, and 43.9 +/- 1.9diopters, respectively. The mean CCT and ACD of rabbits were found as 388 +/- 39m and 2.08 +/- 0.16mm, respectively. Mean of the anterior and posterior elevation at thinnest point was found as 1.29 +/- 4.28 and 3.91 +/- 6.17m, respectively. ConclusionsKeratometric readings and anterior and posterior elevation values of rabbits were similar to human; however, corneal thickness and anterior chamber depth (ACD) values were lower than humans.Öğe Bee sting of the cornea -: A case study and review of the literature(Amer Soc Contemporary Medicine Surgery & Ophthalmology, 2006) Caca, Ihsan; Ari, Seyhmus; Uenlue, Kaan; Ayata, AliBee stings of the cornea are rarely reported, but have the potential for causing serious ophthalmological injuries. We present a case of corneal bee sting with retained stinger apparatus. A 35-year-old patient presented with an acute, corneal bee sting of the right eye 12 hours after he was stung. The patient suffered from pain, blurred vision, and epiphora. The right eye showed edema of the upper and lower eyelid, conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, and striate keratitis of the paracentral cornea by biomicroscopic examination. The stinger was identified in the depth of the corneal infiltration. Visual acuity was 5/10. It was removed surgically. After 2 months, the eye only showed a minimal residual corneal opacification. Visual acuity was 10/10. We present a case of bee sting to the cornea with retained stinger apparatus and treatment of this unusual presentation.Öğe Bilateral Cataract Extraction With Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation Simultaneous in Pediatric Cataracts(Amer Soc Contemporary Medicine Surgery & Ophthalmology, 2008) Caca, Ihsan; Sakalar, Yildirim Bayezit; Ari, Seyhmus; Alakus, Fuat; Dogan, EyuepWe evaluated the results of simultaneous bilateral cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) inplantation 32 pediatric cataract patients. Simultaneous cataract extraction and posterior capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy and IOL implantation is an effective and safe procedure in bilateral pediatric cataracts treatment.Öğe Bilateral complete optic atrophy and hemorrhagic infarction of the putamen caused by methanol intoxication(Humana Press Inc, 2007) Ari, Seyhmus; Caca, Ihsan; Kayabasi, HasanMethanol is a potent toxic substance for the optic nerves. Even small amounts of ingested methanol can acute permanent neurological dysfunction and irreversible blindness. Methanol intoxication can cause severe visual dysfunction and death. We present a case of a 25 years old admitted to our clinic with bilateral optical atrophy after drinking eau de cologne.Öğe Bilateral Optic Disc Drusen Mimicking Papilledema(Korean Neurological Assoc, 2012) Sahin, Alparslan; Cingu, Abdullah Kursat; Ari, Seyhmus; Cinar, Yasin; Caca, IhsanBackground Optic disc drusen, which are calcified deposits that form anterior to the lamina cribrosa in the optic nerve, may mimic papilledema. Case Report We report herein three cases referred to us with suspicion of disc swelling and papilledema. Following ophthalmologic evaluation with B-scan ultrasound, red-free fundus photography, and computed tomography, the diagnosis of papilledema was excluded in all cases and optic disc drusen was diagnosed. Conclusions Clinical suspicion of optic disc drusen in cases presenting with swelling of the optic nerve head is important in order to avoid unnecessary interventions and anxiety. The reported cases highlight the commonly encountered clinical presentations and the practical aspects of diagnosis and management of optic disc drusen. J Clin Neurol 2012;8:151-154Öğe Comparison of Central Corneal Thickness Measurements with a Rotating Scheimpflug Camera, a Specular Microscope, Optical Low-Coherence Reflectometry, and Ultrasound Pachymetry in Keratoconic Eyes(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2015) Cinar, Yasin; Cingu, Abdullah Kursat; Turkcu, Fatih Mehmet; Cinar, Tuba; Sahin, Alparslan; Yuksel, Harun; Ari, SeyhmusObjective: To compare central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements with a rotating Scheimpflug camera (RSC), noncontact specular microscopy (SM), optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR), and ultrasonic pachymetry (UP) in keratoconus (KC) patients. Method: In this prospective study, four CCT measurements taken with an RSC, SM, OLCR, and UP were compared in 81 eyes of 44 consecutive KC patients. The KC patients were divided into four subgroups according to Amsler-Krumeich's KC classification. Results: The RSC and UP measurements of the CCT were not statistically significant in all the groups. Comparison of the SM vs. the OLCR measurements yielded statistically significant differences in all the KC patients and in all KC stages. In all the KC patients, RSC and OLCR showed a high correlation coefficient factor (r = 0.87, p = 0.000). Conclusion: CCT measurements with RSC are comparable to those achieved with UP. Compared with the other devices, according to SM measurements, the central cornea is thicker in all keratoconic eyes and in all KC grades, and it is thinner according to OLCR. RSC, UP, SM, and OLCR should not be used interchangeably in keratoconic eyes.Öğe A comparison of latanoprost monotherapy with a combination therapy of timolol/dorzolamide in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma(Amer Soc Contemporary Medicine Surgery & Ophthalmology, 2006) Caca, Ihsan; Simsek, Hueseyin; Uenlue, Kaan; Ari, Seyhmus; Keklikci, UgurWe compared latanoprost monotherapy therapy with timolol/dorzolamide in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma to evaluate the effects on intraocular pressure (IOP) and occurrence of adverse events. IOP and topical side, effects were evaluated at the begining, first, and third months. Mean IOP was decreased at the third month. The most common side effect was hyperemia (43.6%). We Concluded that latanoprost reduces IOP better than fixed combination and its topical side effects are tolerable.Öğe Comparison of Mitomycin C and Limbal-Conjunctival Autograft in the Prevention of Pterygial Recurrence in Turkish Patients: A One-Year, Randomized, Assessor-Masked, Controlled Trial(Elsevier, 2009) Ari, Seyhmus; Caca, Ihsan; Yildiz, Zennure Oezdemir; Sakalar, Yildirim Bayezit; Dogan, EyuepBACKGROUND: A pterygium is a fibrovascular overgrowth of degenerative bulbar conjunctival tissue that grows over the limbus onto the cornea. Although various approaches have been proposed for the treatment of pterygium, the common problem after these treatments is recurrence. OBJECTIVES: The goals of this study were to compare the efficacy of mitomycin C (MMC) and limbal-conjunctival autograft (LCAU) in preventing recurrence of primary pterygia and to monitor long-term adverse effects (AEs). METHODS: Patients undergoing pterygium surgery between February 2006 and May 2007 were assessed prospectively and randomly divided into 2 groups using a random number table. The MMC group underwent pterygium excision and received 0.02%, MMC intraoperatively for 2 minutes. The LCAU group under-went pterygium excision and LCAU. Recurrence and AE rates of the 2 treatments were compared during the 1-year follow-up period. Assessors for pterygial recurrence were masked to treatment group. RESULTS: One hundred thirteen eyes (57 patients in the MMC group and 56 patients in the LCAU group) were included in the study. Thirteen of the patients (7 in the MMC group and 6 in the LCAU group) were withdrawn due to irregular attendance at follow-up visits or lack of sufficient dose and duration for postoperative topical antibiotic and steroid administration; their data were excluded from analysis. Fifty patients (MMC group: 26 men, 24 women; mean [SD] age, 48.0 [12.3] years; age range, 30-73 years; LCAU group: 27 men, 23 women; mean age, 49.0 [12.6] years; age range, 28-71 years) in each group completed the study. The mean (SD) length of the pterygium across the limbus was similar in the MMC group and the LCAU group (4.18 [1.27] vs 4.07 [1.24] mm). The mean follow-up period was also similar in the 2 groups (16.0 [1.9] vs 15.0 [1.7] months). The rate of recurrence was significantly greater in the MMC group than in the LCAU group (10 [20.0%] vs 2 [4.0%] patients; P = 0.035). Seven patients (14.0%) In the MMC group experienced AEs: conjunctival cyst (3 patients), symblepharon (2), conjunctival granuloma (1), and dellen (1). In the LCAU group, 1 patient (2.0%; P = 0.032 vs MMC group) experienced permanent graft edema. All patients in the LCAU group experienced transient graft edema, with recovery occurring in 3 to 4 weeks. There were no intraoperative complications and there was no graft rejection. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrence and postoperative AEs were less frequently observed in primary excision with LCAU than with MMC in these Turkish patients who completed the study. This study found that pterygium excision with LCAU was well tolerated and effective in these patients. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2009;70:274-281) (C) 2009 Excerpta Medica Inc.Öğe Comparison of Vertical C/D Ratio Obtained by Assistant of Ophthalmology with Results of Optical Cohorence Tomography(Turkish Ophthalmological Soc, 2008) Sakalar, Yildirim Bayezit; Unlu, Kaan; Keklikci, Selahattin Ugur; Caca, Ihsan; Ari, Seyhmus; Balsak, Selahattin; Akkus, ZekiPurpose: To compare vertical C/D ratio that measured with ophthalmoscopic examination of second, third and fourth year assistant of ophthalmology with vertical C/D ratio obtained by optical cohorence tomography. Materials and Methods: One hundred and ten eyes of 72 glaucoma patients which are followed in glaucoma unit were included to study. Each assistant examined vertical C/D ratio by Goldman tree mirror lens and results were recorded independently from results of the other assistants. The measurements of vertical C/D ratio were obtained by optic nerve head analyses of Stratus Optical Cohorence Tomography after pupillary dilatation and vertical C/D ratio were enlisted. All measurements of vertical C/D ratio were compared each other. Results: Thirty patients were male and 42 patients were female, mean age was 51.43 +/- 19.2. Mean vertical C/D ratio measured by second year asisstant was 0.556 +/- 0.246, mean vertical C/D ratio measured by third year assistant was 0.534 +/- 0.251, mean vertical C/D ratio measured by fourth year assistant was 0.529 +/- 0.250. Mean vertical C/D ratio obtained by optical cohorence tomography was 0.651 +/- 0.223. There was no statistically signicant differences among vertical C/D ratio measured by assistants (p>0.05). The mean vertical C/D ratio that measured by each assistant was statistically lower than obtained by optical cohorence tomography (p<0.05). Conclusions: The vertical C/D ratio that measured with ophthalmoscopic examination by assistant of ophthalmology will be different from vertical C/D ratio obtained by optic nerve head analyses of optical cohorence tomography.Öğe Congenital Bilateral Upper Eyelid Eversion: Report of a Case(Informa Healthcare, 2014) Cingu, Abdullah Kursat; Sahin, Alparslan; Yuksel, Harun; Ozkok, Ahmet; Ari, Seyhmus; Caca, IhsanCongenital bilateral upper eyelid eversion is a rare condition and the definite cause is not known. It is often seen in Black babies or babies with Down's syndrome. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the condition can be managed without surgery. We report a case of congenital upper eyelid eversion in an otherwise healthy Caucasian neonate, born by normal vaginal delivery. The case responded well to conservative treatment, including eyelid repositioning, lubricants, antibiotic ointment, and eyelid patching.Öğe Congenital isolate and total optic disc coloboma -: Case report and review of the literature(Humana Press Inc, 2007) Ari, Seyhmus; Keklikci, Ugur; Caca, Ihsan; Unlu, Kaan; Alakus, FuatIsolated and total optic disc coloboma is a markedly rare congenital anomaly of the eye. Congenital eye colobomas frequently present with eye anomalies and systemic signal findings. We present a case of isolated total optic disc coloboma without systemic involvement, which has been rarely reported in the literature.Öğe Cutaneous Anthrax of the Eyelid(Iranian Soc Ophthalmology, 2010) Sahin, Alparslan; Caca, Ihsan; Ece, Aydin; Ari, Seyhmus; Sen, VelatPurpose: Cutaneous anthrax of the eyelid is a rare condition in clinical practice, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of preseptal and orbital cellulitis. Here we report a case of palpebral anthrax. Case report: A 5-year-old girl with anthrax infection of the right upper eyelid is presented. Her eyelid showed an edematous, necrotic, and partially bullous lesion. Following complete healing of the eyelid lesion, mild cicatricial ectropion resulted. Conclusion: Anthrax is a rare disease that is not well known by ophthalmologists. Clinicians should be aware of the complications and the management of palpebral anthrax.Öğe Cutaneous Palpebral Anthrax: Case Report(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2012) Ari, Seyhmus; Sakin, Feyyat; Sahin, Alparslan; Caca, IhsanAnthrax is an infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. Cutaneous, respiratory and gastrointestinal involvements can be seen. The face and eyelids are the most commonly involved areas in cutaneous anthrax. If eyelid anthrax is not promptly treated, it may cause severe deformities of eyelids including cicatrization and ectropion. In this study, a 38-year-old male presenting with right eye palpebral cutaneous anthrax was reported. There was periorbital edema and a black eschar on right eyelid leading to closed eye. Gram-positive rods were seen in the microscopic examination of scrapings taken from the lesion. The patient received high dose intravenous penicillin G (16 million units/day) for 10 days. The lesion healed within 10 days, leaving no clinical evidence of any eyelid deformity. No eyelid deformity was observed during one-year follow-up period. Observing this case suggested that early diagnosis and treatment can prevent development of potential antrhax eyelid complications.Öğe Demographic and etiologic characteristics of children with traumatic serious hyphema(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2013) Turkcu, Fatih Mehmet; Yuksel, Harnn; Sahin, Alparslan; Cingu, Kursat; Ari, Seyhmus; Cinar, Yasin; Sahin, MuhammedBACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the etiologic factors, complications, follow-up, and treatment outcomes in serious hyphema following blunt ocular trauma in childhood. METHODS The medical records of 136 patients diagnosed as grade 3 or 4 hyphema due to blunt ocular trauma between January 2006 and December 2011 were evaluated. Visual acuity (VA), complications, and medical and surgical treatments were analyzed. Factors affecting visual prognosis were compared in grade 3 and 4 hyphema cases. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 9.7+/-4 years. Etiologic factors for trauma were stone in 53 (39%), bead bullet in 25 (18.4%) and others in 58 (42.6%) patients. The most common complication of grade 3 and 4 hyphema was traumatic mydriasis (19.1%), followed by cataract (9.6%) and glaucoma (5.1%). Medical treatment was successful in 114 (83.8%) patients, and 22 (16.2%) patients underwent surgery. Mean initial and final VA of grade 4 patients were found to be significantly lower than those of grade 3 patients. CONCLUSION In grade 3 and 4 hyphema due to blunt trauma, visual prognosis worsened in the presence of additional ocular pathologies. Considering the bad visual prognosis of severe hyphema patients, prompt treatment and close follow-up may prevent complications resulting in poor VA.Öğe Early Orbital Blood Flow Changes in Multiple Sclerosis Patients with Unilateral Acute Optic Neuritis(Taylor & Francis As, 2012) Ari, Seyhmus; Ekinci, Faysal; Acar, Abdullah; Sahin, Alparslan; Cingu, Abdullah Kursat; Cinar, Yasin; Caca, IhsanThe aim of this study was to evaluate orbital blood flow by using colour Doppler imaging before corticosteroid administration in multiple sclerosis patients with unilateral acute optic neuritis. Thirty multiple sclerosis patients with unilateral acute optic neuritis and 30 healthy subjects were included as the study and the control groups. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis optic neuritis was based on clinical presentation, visually evoked potential, and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Data obtained from affected and unaffected eyes were compared with each other and the control group. Ophthalmic artery peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, resistivity index, and pulsatile index were measured in all patients before administration of systemic corticosteroid treatment and in control subjects. All parameters of blood flow obtained from affected eyes of patients who developed acute optic neuritis were significantly higher than those of the clinically uninvolved eyes of the affected patients (p < 0.001) and those of control eyes (p < 0.001). In addition, statistically significant increases were found in ophthalmic artery peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, and resistivity index of the clinically uninvolved eye of the affected patients compared with the control group (p = 0.002, p = 0.012, p = 0.013, respectively). No significant differences were found in blood flow data between left and right eyes of the control group (p > 0.05).Öğe Effect of low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin) on congenital cataract surgery(Ijo Press, 2012) Caca, Ihsan; Sahin, Alparslan; Cingu, Abdullah Kursat; Ari, Seyhmus; Alakus, Fuat; Cinar, YasinAIM: To assess the efficacy of intracameral enoxaparin (a low-molecular-weight heparin) infusion, in variable doses on postoperative inflammatory response in congenital cataract surgery. METHODS: It is a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Eighty eyes of 53 children with congenital cataract were enrolled in this study. Every eye had primary posterior capsulorrhexis and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after lens aspiration. The eyes were divided into 4 equal groups. In group 1 balanced salt solution (BSS) without enoxaparin was used as an irrigation solution. Whereas in group 2, 3 and 4, 40mg, 20mg and 10mg enoxaparin in 500mL BSS was used respectively. The inflammatory response in the anterior chamber was compared among the groups with slit-lamp biomicroscopy. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was (17.75 +/- 3.95) months in group 1, (18.00 +/- 5.15) months in group 2, (19.20 +/- 5.47) months in group 3 and (18.65 +/- 5.16) months in group 4. Mean number of inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber in group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 2, 3, 4 (P<0.001). There was fibrin formation in the anterior chambers of 3 eyes in group 1 and one eye in group 4. There was synechiae formation in 3 eyes of group 1 and one eye of group 4. There was no significant difference among the groups by means of fibrin or synechiae formation (P>0.05). There were IOL precipitates in 4 eyes of group 1 and 2 eyes of group 4. IOL precipitate formation was significantly higher in group 1 than that of group 2 and 3 in which there was no IOL precipitate (P=0.048). There was IOL subluxation in only one eye of group 1, 3 and 4 while no subluxation was observed in group 2 (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference detected about IOL subluxation occurance in all 4 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Complications of cataract surgery in congenital cataract patients associated with postoperative inflammatory response found to be decreased with the use of enoxaparin in intraocular infusion solutions. Furthermore according to our results the anti-inflammatory effect of enoxaparin was dose dependant.Öğe The Effect of Mitomycin-C on Trabeculectomy in Primary Glaucoma Cases(Turkish Ophthalmological Soc, 2005) Caca, Ihsan; Unlu, Kaan; Sakalar, Yildirim Bayezit; Ari, SeyhmusPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mitomycin-C (MMC) treatment on the accomplishments and complications of trabeculectomy. Materials and Methods: 75 eyes of 59 (group 1) primary glaucoma cases that were treated with trabeculectomy operation together with 0.2 mg/ml 2 minutes intraoperative MMC and 22 eyes of 16 (group 2) glaucoma cases to whom only trabeculectomy operation were evaluated. Results: Cases in the group 1 were followed up 10.87 +/- 2.88 months meanly and cases in the group 2 were followed up 9.55 +/- 2.56 months meanly. In all of group 1 and 82% of group 2, intraocular pressure was found postoperatively to . be below 21mmHg. In the postoperative short-term, the most common complications for groupl were anterior chamber shallowness in 22 cases (30%), temporary ocular hypotonia in 21 cases (28%), conjunctival leakage in 8 cases (11 %), while for group 2 the most complications were intraocular pressure rise in 5 cases (23%), anterior chamber shallowness in 3 cases (14%) and temporary ocularhypotonia in 2 cases (9%). The complications appeared in the postoperative long-term for group 1 were endophthalmitis in 1 case (1.3%) and cataract formation in 7 cases (9%) whereas for group 2 were steady high intraocular pressure in 4 cases (18%) and cataract formation in 2 cases (9%). Conclusion: 0.2 mg/ml 2 minutes intraoperative MMC increases considerably the success rate of trabeculectomy in primary glaucoma cases. Nevertheless, postoperative short-term complications should be followed at close range and treated.Öğe Effect of Suturing the Silicone Rod to the Tarsal Plate and the Suture Material Used on Success of Frontalis Suspension Surgery(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013) Buttanri, Ibrahim Bulent; Serin, Didem; Karslioglu, Safak; Akbaba, Muslime; Ari, Seyhmus; Fazil, KorhanPurpose: To evaluate the effect of suturing the silicone rod to the tarsal plate and the suture material used in suturing on surgical success of frontalis suspension for congenital ptosis. Methods: Eighty eyes of 56 consecutive patients who underwent frontalis suspension surgery using silicone rods for congenital ptosis between 2005 and 2011 were included in this retrospective study. The surgical results of eyes were compared, in which silicone had not been sutured to the tarsal plate (group 1), with those sutured with monofilament polypropylene suture (group 2), and those sutured with polybutylate-coated braided polyester suture (group 3). Surgical success indicated that the postoperative eyelid position was maintained within 1 mm of the normal eyelid position, that is, 1 mm below the superior limbus in bilateral cases and the same level with the other eyelid in unilateral cases, in the primary position of gaze. Postoperative eyelid level beyond these limits was defined as surgical failure. Results: The mean follow up was 16.3 months (6-38 months) and the mean age was 5.48 years (1-24 years). Thirty were male and 26 were female patients. Surgical failure occurred in 9 of 18 (50%) cases in group 1, in 5 of 24 (20.8%) cases in group 2, and in 5 of 38 (13%) cases in group 3 during the follow-up period after adequate eyelid elevation had been achieved just after the operation. The difference between surgical success rates in group 1 and group 2 (p = 0.047) and group 1 and group 3 (p = 0.003) was statistically significant. However, the difference between group 2 and group 3 did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Suturing the silicone rod to the tarsal plate increases the surgical success rates of frontalis suspension surgery for congenital ptosis. Suturing with polybutylate-coated braided polyester, even though statistically insignificant, seems to be more effective than suturing with monofilament polypropylene. (Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2013;29:98-100)Öğe Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on crystalline lens and retina in nicotine-exposed rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Ari, Seyhmus; Nergiz, Yusuf; Cingu, Abdullah Kursat; Atay, Ahmet Engin; Sahin, Alparslan; Cinar, Yasin; Caca, IhsanObjective: To determine histopathological changes on crystalline lens and retina of rats after subcutaneous injection of nicotine and to examine the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on these changes related to nicotine exposure. Methods: Twenty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled in the study and the rats were divided into four equal sized groups randomly (Group N: the rats exposed only to nicotine, group HB: the rats received only HBO, group N+HB: the rats that underwent to nicotine injection and subsequently received HBO, group C: the control group that neither exposed to nicotine nor received HBO). The rats were sacrified by decapitation method and all were enucleated immediately after scarification. Tissue samples from crystalline lens, lens capsule, and the retina from the right eyes of the rats were examined by light microscopy. Results: While the histological appearances of the retina and the lens was similar in group HB, group N+HB, and the control group; group N showed some pathological changes like decrement in the retinal ganglion cell density, atrophy of the retinal nerve fiber layer, congestion of the vessels in the optic nerve head, thinning of the internal plexiform layer, thinning of the lens capsule, and transformation of the anterior subcapsular epithelium into squamous epithelia. Discussion: Subcutaneous injection of nicotine was found to be related with some pathological changes in the retina and lens of the Sprague-Dawley rats. However HBO caused no significant negative effect. Furthermore, the histopathological changes related to nicotine exposure in the lens and retina of the rats recovered by the application of HBO.
