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Öğe Atorvastatin Has no Effects on Kidney Tissues of Wistar Albino Rats in the Long-Term Intake: An Electron Microscopic Study(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2011) Aktas, Ayfer; Tasdemir, M. Serhan; Tuncer, M. Cudi; Nergiz, Yusuf; Akkus, Murat; Bagriyanik, Husnu AlperIn this study, we evaluated the ultrastructural findings of kidney with systemic administration of different doses of atorvastatin in a rat model. Statins may have anti-inflammatory effects that would play a role in preventing the cellular damage. The aim of this study was to investigate how atorvastatin could play a role in kidney tissues. Forty adult male Wistar albino rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups of ten rats each (A1, A2, A3 and Control). Three different doses of atorvastatin were used to determine the effects on kidney tissues during 90 day period. The kidneys of A1 (0.1-mg group), A2 (0.5-mg group) and A3 (1-mg group) group were excised and the tissues were examined after the 90 days by transmission electron microscopy. Despite increasing the dose of atorvastatin intake, the histological structures of atorvastatin groups were appeared normal in the same period. In conclusion, long-term use of atorvastatin was not found to have an adverse effect on kidney tissue.Öğe Biochemical and Histopathological Investigation of Resveratrol, Gliclazide, and Losartan Protective Effects on Renal Damage in a Diabetic Rat Model(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2015) Ezel, Tasdemir; Kocyigit, Yuksel; Deveci, Engin; Atamer, Yildiz; Sermet, Abdurrahman; Uysal, Ersin; Aktas, Ayfer[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Effect of rifampin in combination with allogeneic, alloplastic, and heterogenous bone grafts on bone regeneration in rat tibial bone defects(Elsevier Science Inc, 2015) Kaya, Alper; Kaya, Beyza; Aktas, Ayfer; Firat, Ela TulesPurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rifampin with allogeneic, alloplastic, and heterogeneous bone graft substitutes on osteogenesis of experimentally created bone defects in rat tibias. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. In each animal, two bone defects (10 mm length x 3 mm width x 2 mm depth) were created in the left and right tibias, respectively. The animals were divided into four groups. In Group 1, the right defects were irrigated with rifampin alone, and the left defects were irrigated with sterile saline alone. In Group 2, the right defects were filled with rifampin and allogeneic bone graft, and the left defects were filled with allogeneic bone graft alone. In Group 3, the right defects were treated with rifampin and alloplastic bone graft, and the left defects were filled with alloplastic bone graft alone. In Group 4, the right defects were filled with rifampin and heterogeneous bone graft, and the left defects were filled with heterogeneous bone graft alone. Results: The animals were sacrified on the 21st postoperative day. Histopathological analysis of samples was performed to evaluate the process of bone regeneration and the presence of spongeous bone, cortex bone, and bone marrow. Bone union (p = 0.023) and spongeous bone (p = 0.030) values were higher in Group 1A (rifampin alone) than those in Group 1B (saline alone). Bone union (p<0.001) and spongeous bone (p<0.001) values in Group 2B (allograft + saline) were higher than those in Group 2A (allograft + rifampin). These differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: Topical rifampin can accelerate the bone repair process, but the combination of rifampin and allogeneic bone grafts can also reduce new bone formation in osseous defects. Further studies involving long-term follow-up with a larger number of cases and different antibiotic agents should be conducted. These will provide additional data regarding new bone formation, especially in contaminated bone defects, resulting from use of antibiotic-supplemented bone grafts. (C) 2013 Asian AOMS, ASOMP, JSOP, JSOMS, JSOM, and JAMI. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.*Öğe Effects of Ischemia/Reperfusion on ? Cells of Pancreas and Protective Effects of Melatonin Treatment(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2009) Yildirim, Ayse; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi; Pamukcu, Oezlem; Aktas, Ayfer; Akkus, MuratOxygen free radicals are considered to be important components involved in the pathophysiological tissue alterations observed during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). In this study, we investigated the putative protective effects of melatonin treatment on pancreatic I/R injury. Sprague Dawley male rats were subjected to 30 min of pancreatic pedicle occlusion followed by 90 min reperfusion. Melatonin (10 mg/kg. s.c) was administrated 30 min prior to ischemia or I/R application. At the end of the reperfusion periods, rats were decapitated. Pancreatic samples were taken for transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that ischemia created b cell damage as evidenced by dilatation between the nucleus inner and outer membrane and degeneration on islets of Langerhans cells, was reversed by melatonin treatment. As melatonin administration reversed these microscopic damage, it seems likely that melatonin protects pancreatic tissue against oxidative damage.Öğe The effects of valproic acid on renal corpuscle of pregnant rats and protective role of folic acid and vitamin E(Academic Journals, 2010) Aktas, Ayfer; Nergiz, Yusuf; Akkus, Murat; Nasir, YaseminWe aimed to investigate the potential harmful effects of valproic acid (VPA), a widely used anticonvulsant in child delivery, and the protective effects of vitamin E (Vit E) and folic acid (FA) on kidney. Sodium valproate (400 mg/kg), folic acid (400 mg/kg) and vitamin E (250 mg/kg) were administered to rats on each of gestation days, 8 (th), 9 (th), and 10 (th). The rats were sacrificed on the 20 th day of pregnancy. With thin sections of kidney biopsies, they were stained with uranyl acetate-lead citrate and examined under transmission electron microscope. The animals were divided into four groups randomly: control, VPA, VPA+FA and VPA+Vit E groups. In each group, drug procedure, surgical procedure and histological methods were performed. The histopathological findings of control group was normal. In VPA group, it showed degenerative changes especially in renal glomerular basal membrane and foot process. Both VPA+FA and VPA+Vit E groups exhibited similar ultrastructural changes and had almost the normal structure. Administration of single doses of SV (400 mg/kg) resulted in degenerative changes on kidney at ultrastructural level. Administration of FA and Vit E had a protective effect by preventing the degenerative changes to a certain degree. The aim of the present study is to examine histopathologic changes which may occur in a high risk experimental model after the administration of valproic acid. In addition, protective roles of the administration of folic acid and vitamin E are assessed.Öğe Immunohistochemical Analysis of MCC, TARC and CD 104 Antigens in Human Lung Tissue(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2010) Korkmaz, Metin; Akkus, Murat; Yildirim, Ayse; Baran, Ozlem Pamukcu; Aktas, AyferObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the the distribution of CMA 1 protein (MCC), CCL17 protein (TARC) and Integrin beta 4 (CD 104) monoclonal antibodies in normal adult human lung tissue. Material and Methods: In this study we examined the lung biopsy specimens obtained from the adult patients who underwent operations for different reasons in the Department of Lung Surgery at Dicle University Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey. The tissue samples were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees C. The samples were immunostained by indirect immune peroxidase technique. As primary antibodies, MCC, TARC and CD104 were used. As secondary antibodies, 1:200 rabbit anti - mouse IgG peroxidase diluted in PBS/BSA and 1:100 normal human serum solution were used. Negative control staining was performed using irrelevant mouse monoclonal antibodies omitting the primary antibody step. Sections were examined and photographed by Olympus BH2 light microscope. Results: We observed moderate reaction with vascular endothelial cells and with vascular smooth muscle cells with MCC which was aimed to show overall the presence of human lung mast cells. TARC, which was aimed to express the follicular dentritic cells, moderately reacted with follicular dentritic cells, bronchial smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelial cells. CD104, which is the integrin beta 4 subunit that plays an important role in the adhesion of epithelium to basement membranes, moderately reacted with vascular endothelial cells and mainly reacted with the follicular dentritic cells of bronchi. Conclusion: In our study, it was defined that the expressions of these molecules have important role in understanding the function of human lung tissue. We reached the conclusion that our study, by presenting the difference between the normal lung tissue and pathologic lung tissue with expression the related proteins immunohistochemically may constitute preliminary findings for excluding the diseases like interstisial lung disease or chronic obstructive lung disease for the aim of. Our preliminary findings may shed light on future studies.Öğe Immunohistochemical evaluation of iron accumulation in term placenta of preeclamptic patients(Academic Journals, 2011) Nasir, Yasemin; Nergiz, Yusuf; Aktas, Ayfer; Akdeniz, NurtenPreeclampsia is a disease which involves hypertension and multisystem, it effects approximately 2 to 8% of all pregnancies and is a significant cause of maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity. It develops in the placenta and its pathogenesis is associated with placental abnormalities. Classical immunohistochemical studies on placenta have shown that there is a linear increase in iron storage in the placenta in the first half of a normal pregnancy, however, these stocks are decreased in normal 3rd trimester placenta. Iron accumulation in term placentas of preeclamptic and normal pregnancies were evaluated in this study. Ferritin immunostaining was observed to be more intense in preeclamptic group than in the control group, especially in Hofbauer cells, subtrophoblastic areas of stem villous, perivasculer stroma and villous stroma. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS software. Mann Whitney U test was used in the analysis and P values below 0.05 were statistically significant. In this study, iron accumulations in normotensif and preeclamptic placentas were compared.Öğe LIGHT MICROSCOPE EVALUATION OF IRON ACCUMULATION IN TERM PLACENTAS OF SUBJECTS WITH PREECLAMPSIA(Carbone Editore, 2014) Nasir, Yasemin; Nergiz, Yusuf; Aktas, Ayfer; Akdeniz, NurtenAims: In this study, the aim was to investigate if the the use of placental iron storages detection could be used. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 30 placentas, 20 preeclamptic and 10 normal gestations, of 36 weeks or more. Paraffin sections of preeclanzptic and nonnotensive placental tissues were stained with Hemataxylin and Eosin, Masson's Trichrome, and Prussian Blue. Results: Evaluation of preeclampsia group placentas showed as most common findings: increased syncytial node in villus, cytotrophoblast proliferation, increased volume and number of fetal capillary, and increased fibrinoid accumulation. Among preeclampsia group placental tissue samples, Prussian Blue staining was observed most commonly in fetal central cross-sections. In most prominently Prussian Blue stained villus, presence of syncytial nodes and close neighboring between iron accumulation and syncytial kodes ere interesting findings. Statistical analysis of data was made by SPSS software using Mann Whitney U test and p values under 0.05 ere accepted as statistically significant. Conclusion: Studies of placental light microscopy are important in the clarification of preeclampsia etiopathogenesis and more studies with wider scope are needed.Öğe Non-traumatic splenic rupture: Report of seven cases and review of the literature(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 2008) Gedik, Ercan; Girgin, Sadullah; Aldemir, Mustafa; Keles, Celalettin; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi; Aktas, AyferAIM: To evaluate seven patients with non-traumatic splenic rupture (NSR). NSR is an uncommon dramatic abdominal emergency that requires immediate diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment to ensure the patient's survival. METHODS: Within 11 years, seven cases were evaluated for patient characteristics, anamnesis and symptoms, method of diagnosis, findings of laparotomy, and etiology of NSR. RESULTS: There were six (86%) male and one female (14%) patient, whose mean age was 36 +/- 12.8 (17-56) years. We report here four cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria (cases I -IV), one case of hemodialysis (case V), one case of spontaneous splenic rupture (case VI), and one case of hairy cell leukemia (case VU). Splenectomy was performed in all patients. All of them made an uneventful recovery and were discharged in stable condition. CONCLUSION: NSR is a rare entity that needs a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Using ultrasonography or computer tomography, and peritoneal aspiration of fresh blood may assist in the diagnosis of NSR. Increased awareness of NSR can enhance early diagnosis and effective treatment. (C) 2008 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.Öğe Protective Effects of Melatonin on Testicular Torsion and Detorsion Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2011) Aktas, Ayfer; Tuncer, M. Cudi; Yildirim, Ayse; Nergiz, Yusuf; Akkus, MuratIn this study, we evaluated the ultrastructural findings of testis with systemic administration of different doses of melatonin during ischemic period in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D). Testis ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was induced by torsion of the left testis, with a 720 degrees twisting of the spermatic cord so as to produce a total occlusion of testis for 2.5 hours. Subsequently, the same testis was then detorsioned. According to surgical procedure in each group, unilateral orchiectomies were performed for histopathologic examination. The groups were labelled as control group, torsion group (T), torsion and detorsion group (T/D), torsion-detorsion and melatonin group (T/D+20,50 and 100 mg/kg melatonin). For the histological examination, testicular tissues were fixed in 2.5% glutheraldehyde and postfixation 1% osmic acid solutions. They were examined under transmission electron microscopy after application of contrast stained. In torsion group testis cross-sections, cytoplasm residues of mature sperms and large vacuole-like structures were noticeable. In detorsion group testis cross-sections, dissociations in spermatocide nuclei, many vacuoles and residual particles resulting from organelle degeneration, local voids in cytoplasms of spermatogonia, dilatation in granulated endoplasmic reticulum, large lipid droplets, chromatid particles, along with mitochondrial crystalisis were determined. In the testis cross-sections of the group of T/D+50 mg/kg melatonin administration, sertoli and spermatogonia cells that showed membrane-like structures and cytoplasmic voids were observed. Testis cross-sections of rats that were administered with T/D+50 mg/kg melatonin showed small mitochondrions and vacuole-like structures placed on the edge. Testis cross-sections of rats that were administered with T/D+100 mg/kg melatonin resulted in views similar to those of controls in the microstructural level. As a result, the most effective dose of melatonin, which was used in different doses, for prevention of ischemia/reperfusion damage was found to be 100 mg/kg.Öğe The role of sialoadenectomy and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in skin development(Academic Journals, 2010) Karadede, Mehmet Irfan; Nergiz, Yusuf; Aktas, AyferIn this study, the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on skin development was investigated. A total of 24 adult female Spraque-Dawley rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into 3 equal groups as control, sialoadenectomy (SX) and sialoadenectomy+epidermal growth factor (SX+EGF). Sialoadenectomy was performed on the other groups except control. After a 21-day recovery period, subjects were made to mate. SX+EGF group rats were also given 12.5 mu g/day EGF for each animal orally in the 16, 17th, 18th and 19th days of pregnancy. After pregnancy, the offsprings obtained were grown until the 28th day. All 28-day-old offsprings in all groups were weighed and sacrificed. Skin samples from interscapular region were examined under light and electron microscope. In light and electron microscopy, skin sections of SX group, atrophy in epiderm, hyperkeratosis, decrease in hair follicles and sebaceous glands, along with local thinning of basal membrane, hemidesmosome loss and necrotic cells were seen. In skin sections of SX+EGF group, the view was similar to controls. As a result, epidermal growth factor was concluded to have an important role in skin development.Öğe Trolox is more successful than allopurinol to reduce degenerative effects of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Seker, Ugur; Nergiz, Yusuf; Aktas, Ayfer; Akkus, Murat; Ozmen, Mehmet Ferit; Uyar, Emre; Soker, SevdaIntroduction Reperfusion surgery following testicular ischemia is a reproductive health threatening status and may result with organ dysfunction in men. The high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cease of blood flow to the testis are the most important reasons of this testicular injury. Until today, numerous experimental studies reported that antioxidants might be efficient to alleviate oxidative stress induced organ dysfunction. For this purpose, in this study, we have investigated the protective effects of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor, allopurinol, and ROS scavenger, trolox, in a comparative perspective in testicular ischemia reperfusion injury subjected rats. Materials and methods Twenty-eight adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups of seven animals in each; control, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), allopurinol and trolox. The rats in control group did not receive any application. Animals in I/R, allopurinol and trolox groups were subjected to 2 h testicular reperfusion injury following 5 h ischemia. Intraperitoneally (i.p.) 1 ml isotonic, 200 mg/kg allopurinol and 50 mg/kg trolox were administered to the animals in these groups 30 min prior reperfusion. At the end of experiment, all animals were sacrificed and blood serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Histological sections were obtained from the testis and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cleaved caspase-3. Apoptotic index was evaluated with TUNEL Assay. Results Severe morphological degenerations, increased serum MDA, cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL Assay positivity rate, but reduced PCNA positivity rate was observed in ischemia and reperfusion group. Morphological degenerations, MDA level, apoptotic index and PCNA positive cell rate were slightly alleviated in allopurinol administered animals compared with ischemia and reperfusion group. Protection with trolox was more successful and the results of the analysis were similar to the control group. Discussion Ischemia that leading to testicular torsion is a reproductive health affecting problem and current surgical treatment methods might be insufficient to recover testis. Various types of ROS generating mechanisms in cell are limiting protective potency of allopurinol, and cocktail administration of different ROS inhibitors might be more effective. However, our results indicate that free radical scavenger trolox might be a candidate drug to alleviate degenerative effects of testicular ischemia reperfusion injury. Conclusions This is the first study that demonstrates antioxidant trolox was more successful than XO inhibitor allopurinol to protect testis against ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. [GRAPHICS]
