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Öğe Antioxidative effects of alpha-lipoic acid in spinal cord injury An experimental rat model(Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, 2021) Ercan, Serdar; Aktaş, Ayfer; Kemaloğlu, Mustafa SerdarBACKGROUND: Traumatic and ischemic injuries of the spinal cord are effective in the development of neurological dysfunction of tissue damage caused by primary and secondary mechanisms. Free radical changes are effective in the development of early ischemia and progressive tissue ischemia is the main cause of secondary damage. Delaying ischemia is the basis of treatment. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the presence of neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid in comparison with methylprednisolone. METHODS: 50 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 10) and spinal cord trauma was created by the method, described by Rivlin and Tator. Group 1: Laminectomy group, Group 2: Laminectomy + spinal cord injury (SCI), Group 3: Laminectomy + SCI + alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) (100 mg / kg), Group 4: Laminectomy + SCl + Methyl-prednisolone (30 mg / kg), Group 5: Laminectomy + SCl + ALA + Methyl-prednisolone. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Rats with spinal cord injury were found to be paraplegic. There was no significant change in motor function between the groups. When the antioxidant values were compared in the groups, there was a statistically significant difference between Group 2 and Group 3. Oxygen radicals decreased significantly between ALA and Methylprednisolone. The most striking difference was between the monotherapy group and the combined treatment group. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that alpha lipoic acid given after spinal cord trauma in rats decreases anti-oxidant formation.Öğe Antrene sporcularda C vitamini yüklemesinin demir ve demir bağlama kapasitesi üzerine etkileri(Modestum Publishing Ltd., 2011) Koçyiğit, Yüksel; Aksak, Mehmet Cüneyt; Atamer, Yıldız; Aktaş, Ayfer; Uysal, ErsinAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı üç haftalık antrenman ve C vitamini (C vit) verilmesi sonrasında futbolcu ve basketbolcularda C vit yüklemesinin kan demir (Fe++), total demir bağlama kapasitesi (TDBK), glukoz ve insülin değerlerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Amatör futbolcu ve basketbolculardan oluşan toplam 20 erkek sporcu deneye alınmadan egzersiz öncesi (EÖ) kan örnekleri alınmış ve koşu bandında %1 eğim ve 10 km/saat hızla 10 dakika egzersiz yaptırılmıştır. Egzersiz sonra (ES) kanları tekrar alınmıştır. Daha sonra antrenörleri kontrolünde kampa alınan sporculara kamp diyetiyle birlikte üç hafta boyunca 1 gr/gün dozunda C vit verilmiştir. Üç hafta sonunda deney gruplarından kan örneği alınarak EÖ ve ES; Fe++, TDBK, glukoz ve insülin düzeylerine bakılmıştır. Ayrıca bir anket formu ile spor yapma süreleri, dereceye girme sayıları, vitamin ve sigara kullanma alışkanlıklarının olup olmadığı sorulmuştur. Ankete ait sonuçlar oran olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bulgular: Veri analizi sonucu her iki sporcu grubunda da C vit yüklemesinden sonra EÖ ve ES; kan Fe++ ve glukoz düzeyleri artarken (p<0.01; p<0.001), TDBK ve insülin düzeyleri azaldı (p<0.05). C vit yüklemesinden sonra basketbolcuların Fe++ ve TDBK düzeyleri futbolculara göre daha fazla artış gösterdi (p<0.001). Sonuç: Bulgularımız; C vit yüklemesinin Fe++ düzeyini artırdığını TDBK’yi ise azalttığını göstermektedir. Klin Deney Ar Derg 2011;2(2):175-80.Öğe Effects of ischemia/reperfusion on ß cells of pancreas and protective effects of melatonin treatment(Universidad de la Frontera, 2009) Yıldırım, Ayşe; Tuncer, Mehmet Cudi; Pamukçu, Özlem; Aktaş, Ayfer; Akkuş, MuratOxygen free radicals are considered to be important components involved in the pathophysiological tissue alterations observed during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). In this study, we investigated the putative protective effects of melatonin treatment on pancreatic I/R injury. Sprague Dawley male rats were subjected to 30 min of pancreatic pedicle occlusion followed by 90 min reperfusion. Melatonin (10 mg/kg. s.c) was administrated 30 min prior to ischemia or I/R application. At the end of the reperfusion periods, rats were decapitated. Pancreatic samples were taken for transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that ischemia created b cell damage as evidenced by dilatation between the nucleus inner and outer membrane and degeneration on islets of Langerhans cells, was reversed by melatonin treatment. As melatonin administration reversed these microscopic damage, it seems likely that melatonin protects pancreatic tissue against oxidative damage.Öğe Effects of unilateral and bilateral epididymectomy on testes of rats(Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2007) Aktaş, Ayfer; Nergiz, Yusuf; Akkuş, MuratIt is generally agreed that the testis is under endocrine control from the pituitary, and is influenced by physiological and paracrine factors within the organ. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of unilateral and bilateral epididectomy on the testicular tissue growth of rats. Twenty- one male old Sprague-Dawley rats (28 days old) were used in the study. Rats were assigned into 3 equal groups. The first group was the control group, while unilateral and bilateral epididectomy was performed on the second and third groups, respectively. Twenty-one days after the epididectomy, testicular tissues from each group were taken and fixed in Bouin solution. Paraffin sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin, Vangiesson, PAS-Hemalun and examined by light microscopy. Disorganization of the germinal epithelium, desquamation, degeneration and edema in interstitial tissue was seen in the testicular cross sections of the unilateral group. Arrest in spermatozoon stage in some tubules and presence of eosinophylic stained multinucler bodies were recognizable. In the bilateral group, degeneration and atrophic status in the seminiferous tubules of the bilateral group was observed preciesly, and occasional interstitial edema and perforations in the basal lamina were recognizable. In addition, vasodilatation, arrest in spermatozoa stage and multinucleated bodies in some of the seminiferous tubules lumen were observed in some testicular cross sections of this group. As a result, epididectomy causes degeneration in the germinal epithelium and hypoplasia in Leydig cells. It is concluded that epididectomy causes degeneration in the germinal epithelium, interruption of spermatogenesis, and a notable decrease in the number of Leydig cells.Öğe Expression of endothelin-1 and Ki-67 in normotensive and severe preeclamptic placentas(Universidad de la Frontera, 2018) Ekinci, Aysun; Aktaş, Ayfer; Dönder, Ahmet; Ekinci, Cenap; Turgut, Abdulkadir; Deveci, Şenay; Deveci, EnginSevere preeclampsia (HELLP syndrome) is a life-threatening pregnancy complication, usually a severe form of preeclampsia. In this study, we aimed to examine histopathologic changes and Endothelin-1 and KI-67 expression levels by immunohistochemical methods in severe preeclamptic placentas. Severe preeclampsia and obstetric characteristics and biochemical and hematological characteristics of healthy subjects were compared. Placenta sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histopathological examination. In the histopathological examination of severe preeclamptic placenta, degeneration in synaptic and cytotrophoblastic cells, increase in insidious knots, fibrinoid necrosis, degeneration in endothelial cells, calcification and hyaline villous stains were observed. In the severe preeclampsia group, Ki-67 expression increased in decidua cells and inflammatory cells, while endothelial cells in the vessel wall and inflammatory cells in the villus and intervillous spaces increased. It is thought that angiogenetic and cellular proliferation is induced in a co-ordinated manner and significantly influences fetal development.Öğe The histological structure of circumvallate papillae of the puppy rats which were born from the rats given egf after sialoadenectomy(2006) Aktaş, Ayfer; Negriz, Y.; 0000-0002-3280-1430The papillaries on the dorsal surface of tongue are constantly washed by saliva rich in Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF). After the complete removal of submandibular gland surgically (Sialoadenectomy), morphological alterations, and the effects of EGF given orally on these alterations were investigated. In the study, 30 adult female Spraque-Dawley rats were used, which were divided into three groups: Control group (n=10); sialoadenectomy group (SX, n= 10); sialoadenectomy + epidermal growth factor group (SX+EGF, n=10). Following a three week period of recovery, the rats were mated. On days 16–19th of pregnancy, a total of 5 microgram (?g) EGF was given to the animals in SX + EGF group with orogastric tub as 1.25?g daily to each animal. The fetuses born following pregnancy were kept to grow up until the 28th day. The pupy rat of 28 days in all groups were sacrificed. Tongues of all tree group were dissected and specimes separetly put into %10 neutral bufferd formalin solution. The paraffin section obtained through routine histological methods were stained with Hematoxylen—Eosine (H.E), Methylen blue- Basic Fuchsin, and were examined under light microscope. No pathology could be observed on the circumvallate papillae of control group. The observation revealed that the circumvallate papillae of SX group usually displayed an atrophic situation, and there was perforation, particularly in the apical epithelial. The degeneretion in the epithelial made itself felt on the opposite wall of the trench. The trench surrounding the papilla was noticeably blocked in patches, and its depth and the surface area was diminished considerably when compared to the control group. A significant increase in the keratinization was detected on the surface epithelial of the circumvallate papilla. On the microscopic examination of the circumvallate papillae of the SX+EGF group rats, it was observed that these papillae had acquired to be similar that of the control group.Öğe Investigation of the effect of denosumab and ozone application on bone healing in critical size bone defects(Dicle Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, 2024) Keskin, Ersin; Kaya, Beyza; Aktaş, AyferAims: In maxillofacial surgery, various drugs are used in order to accelerate the recovery of defects caused by any reason. Several studies have shown that denosumab from bisphosphonate group drugs used in osteoporosis patients has positive effects on new bone formation. In general medicine and dentistry, ozone is in widespread use as an alternative treatment and has positive effects on new bone formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate new bone formation by performing denosumab and ozone on critical-sized rat calvarium defects. Methods: In our study, 40 Sprague Dawley rats were used. Rats were divided into 4 groups. Only grafts were placed in the control group. After applying graft to ozone group (O) and ozone and denosumab (O-D) groups, topical ozone was applied for 15 seconds. Denosumab group (D) and O-D group were injected subcutaneously (s.c) 10 mg/kg Prolia (denosumab) every 4 weeks for 8 weeks. 5 animals from each group at the end of week 4, while the other five animals in the group at the end of 8 weeks after being sacrificed for histopathological examination was performed. The differences between the groups were evaluated by statistical analysis. Results: After histopathological examination, better bone formation was observed in the ozone and denosumab treated groups compared to the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups except for the control group, however, new bone formation was determined in the groups treated with denosumab compared to the ozone group. Conclusion: As a result of our study, we believe that the application of ozone and denosumab has a positive effect on the formation of new bone, but more comprehensive studies on the subject are needed.Öğe Neuroprotective effects of sildenafil on traumatic brain injury in an experimental rat model(Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021) Ercan, Serdar; Aktaş, AyferObjective Not only primary injuries, secondary injuries such as posttraumatic biochemical cascades, ischemia, and hypoxia also affect the morbidity and mortality of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sildenafil released the vasodilatation by relaxing the smooth muscle of the systemic artery and vein. Also, the effects of sildenafil are evidenced in multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and memory loss as a part of experimental studies. Sildenafil decreases oxidative stress by increasing the cGMP level. We aimed to examine the protective effects of sildenafil on TBI with histopathological and biochemical parameters. Method 21 Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into three groups (n = 7). "The weight drop injury model," which was described by Marmou, was used for the head injury. Group 1: nontraumatic sham group, Group 2: nontreated TBI group, Group 3: sildenafil (100 mg/kg) treated TBI group. The whole brain and serum were collected for histopathological and biochemical study. The histopathological sections were examined under a light microscope. Results On comparison of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), nitric oxide (NO), and plasma nitrite/nitrate (PNOx) between groups, NO level was significantly high in group 3 (p = 0.013). Even though the TAS level was significantly high in group 3 (p = 0.02), there were no significant differences in TOS level in groups (p = 0.225). Disappearing Nissle granules occurred in a pyknotic situation in the cell nucleus, and acidophilic staining in neuron cells, which describe the neuron degeneration observed in the trauma group. The neuron degeneration markers were not seen in the sildenafil- treated trauma group. Conclusion Our study has shown that sildenafil decreases the oxygen radicals and affects the recovery of experimental TBI in rats.Öğe Sialoadenektomi edilen sıçanlardan doğan yavrulardaki dil papillalarının histolojik yapısının incelenmesi(2015) Aktaş, AyferÖZET SİALOADENEKTOMİ EDİLEN SIÇANLARDAN DOĞAN YAVRULARDAKİ DİL PAPİLLARININ HİSTOLOJİK YAPISININ İNCELENMESİ Dilin dorsal yüzeyinde yer alan papillalar Epidermal Growth Faktör (EGF) den zengin olan tükürükle devamlı yıkanırlar. Submandibular bezin cerrahi olarak tamamen uzaklaştırılması (Sialoadenektomi) sonucu papillalardaki morfolojik değişimler ve oral yolla verilen EGF'nin bunlar üzerindeki rolü araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada 30 tane erişkin dişi Spraque-Dawley sıçan kullanıldı. Bunlar üç gruba bölündü: Kontrol grubu (n=10);sialoadenektomili grup (SX, n=10) ve sialoadenektomi + epidermal growth faktör grubu (SX+EGF, n=10). Üç haftalık iyileşmeden sonra sıçanlar çiftleşmeye alındı. SX+EGF grubundaki sıçanlara gebeliğin 16-19. günlerinde orogastrik sonda ile günde her bir hayvana 1.25 mikrogram (ug) olmak üzere toplam 50 (ug) mikrogram EGF verildi. Gebelik sonrası doğan fötusların 28. güne kadar büyümeleri beklendi. Bütün gruplardaki 28 günlük sıçan yavrularının total vücut ağırlıkları alınarak sakrifiye edildi. Rutin Histolojik yöntemlerle elde edilen parafin kesitleri Hemotoksilen-Eozin, Metilen mavisi - Bazik fuksin ve Hemotoksilen-Van Gieson boyaları ile boyandı ve ışık mikroskobunda incelendi. Oküler mikrometre yardımıyla papilla ve tat tomurcukların ölçümleri yapıldı, istatistiksel olarak tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve çoklu karşılaştırmalar testi (TUKEY) ile değerlendirildi. SX grubunun dil epitelinde, kalınlaşma, keratinleşme yanında papilla ve tat tomurcuklarında belirgin yapısal değişikliklere neden olduğunu gözledik. SX+ EGF grubuna oral yolla verilen EGF'nin, dil epiteli ve papillalardaki bu yapısal değişimlerde geriye dönüşümlü olarak belirgin bir iyileşme sağladığını tespit ettik. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sıçan, Epidermal growth faktör, Sialoadenektomi, Dil papillaları. vn SUMMARY THE INVESTIGATION OF HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF TONGUE PAPILLARIS OF PUPY RAT BORN FROM RATS SUBJECTED TO SIALOADENECTOMY The papillaries on the dorsal surface of tongue are constantly washed by saliva rich in Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF). After the complete removal of submandibular gland surgically (Sialoadenectomy), morphological alterations, and the effects of EGF given orally on these alterations were investigated. In the study, 30 adult female Spraque-Dawley rats were used, which were divided into three groups: Control group (n=10); sialoadenectomy group (SX, n= 10); sialoadenectomy + epidermal growth factor group (SX+EGF, n=10). Following a three week period of recovery, the rats were mated. On days 16- 19 of pregnancy, a total of 50 microgram (ug) EGF was given to the animals in SX + EGF group with orogastric tub as 1.25ug daily to each animal. The fetuses born following pregnancy were kept to grow up until the 28th day. The total weights of pupy rat of 28 days in all groups were taken, and then they were sacrificed. The paraffin section obtained through routine histological methods were stained with Hematoxylen-Eosine (H.E), Methylen blue- Basic fuchsin, Hemotoxylen-Van Gieson, and were examined under light microscope. Through an ocular micrometer, the measurements regarding papillary and taste buds were made. The results were statistically evaluated by one way variance analysis (ANOVA) and multicomparison test (TUKEY). We observed that, besides thickening and keratinization, substantial structural alterations in papillary and taste buds on the tongue epithelium of SX group. We also determined that EGF, given orally to SX+EGF group, ensured reversibly a remarkable improvement in those structural alterations in papillaries. Key Words: Rat, Epidermal Growth Factor, Sialoadenectomy, Lingual papillaries. vm
