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Öğe Do cellular phones alter blood parameters and birth weight of rats?(Marcel Dekker Inc, 2000) Dasdag, S; Akdag, MZ; Ayyildiz, O; Demirtas, ÖC; Yayla, M; Sert, CThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of microwaves (MW) emitted by cellular phones (CPs) on peripheral blood parameters and birth weights of rats. Thirty-six albino rats were divided into four groups, male (n = 6) and female sham-exposed groups (n = 12) and male (n = 6) and female experimental groups (n = 12). No blood parameters differed following exposure (p > 0.05). The birth weight of offspring in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the sham-exposed group (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between rectal temperatures of rats in the sham and experimental groups (p > 0.05). The specific absorption rate (SAR) was found to be 0.155 W/kg for the experimental groups. All parameters investigated were normal in the next generation of rats (p > 0.05).Öğe Does 900 MHZ GSM mobile phone exposure affect rat brain?(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2004) Dasdag, S; Akdag, MZ; Aksen, F; Bashan, M; Buyukbayram, HThis study investigated the effects of cell phone exposure on the fatty acid composition in phospholipids, malondialdehyde concentration, p53 immune reactivity and histological structure of the rat brain. Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups of eight, sham and experimental (speech conditions). The rats were confined to Plexiglas cages, and cellular phone were placed 0.5 cm under the cages. For the experimental group, cellular phones were activated 20 minutes per day, 7 days a week, for 1 month. For the sham group, the cellular phones were placed beneath the cages with the phones turned off. The Whole Body Average SAR (rms) was 0.52 W/kg and 1 g averaged peak SAR (rms), 3.13 W/kg. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical. comparisons of groups.. Histological alteration and changes in brain phospholipid fatty acids composition were not observed in rat brains. Immunohistochemical staining of brain tissue shown that p53 immunoreactivity was not affected by cell phone exposure. Malondialdehyde concentration in exposed brains was significantly higher than sham (p < 0.05).Öğe Effect of chronic low-intensity microwave radiation on sperm count, sperm morphology, and testicular and epididymal tissues of rats(Marcel Dekker Inc, 1999) Akdag, MZ; Çelik, MS; Ketani, A; Nergiz, Y; Deniz, M; Dasdag, SThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic microwave exposure on sperm count, sperm morphology, and the morphology of rat testis and epididymes. Continuous wave microwave radiation (9450 MHz) specific absorption rate 1.80 W/kg and power density 2.65 mW/cm(2), was administered for 1 h a day for 13, 26, 39, and 52 days, which corresponded to 1, 2, 3, and 4 cycles of seminiferous epithelium, in mature male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were sacrificed under Ketalar anesthesia the day after exposure. Then epididymal sperm count, sperm morphology, and the weights of testis, epididymes, seminal vesicles, and prostate were determined. Histologic examinations of testis and epididymes were performed. The parameters were compared with sham groups. Epididymal sperm count decreased significantly only in the 52-day exposure group (p < 0.05). The percentage of abnormal sperm count changed significantly in the 26-, 39-, and 52-day exposure groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.001, respectively). The weights of testis and epididymes also changed significantly in the 26-, 39-, and 52-day exposure groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively). Necrotic tubules, interstitial edema, perforated and necrotic tubules, decrease of spermatogenesis, and absent germinal epithelium in some tubules were observed in the exposed rat testes. In addition, we observed atrophy, interstitial edema, mononuclear cell infiltration, and increased fibroblastic activity in the exposed rat epididymes. We concluded that epididymal sperm count and morphology and weight and morphology of testis and epididymes were affected by chronic prolonged microwave exposure. The incidence of symptoms mentioned here depended on exposure duration.Öğe Effect of nonionizing radiation on plasmid DNA of E.coli puc9(Mbr Press Inc, 1999) Dasdag, S; Celik, MS; Uyar, F; Akdag, MZ; Sert, C; Ensari, YThe present experiment was carried out to investigate whether 9450 MHz and 2450 MHz microwave exposure (MW) affect to the plasmid DNA of Escherichia coli puc 9 or not. Suspensions of E.coli puc 9 were exposed to microwave radiation at 2450 MHz (55,110,165,220 and 275 W for 30 and 60 second) and 9450 MHz (2.65mW/cm(2) for 10,20,40 and 60 minutes). However, plasmid DNA of E.coli puc 9 were also exposed to 9450 MHz (10,20,40 and 60 minutes) and 2450 MHz (55,110,165,220 and 275 W for 30 and 60 second) Microwave. After exposures of E.coli puc 9, the plasmid DNA were isolated and evaluated by AGE assay. We found that amount of plasmid DNA was not changed in 9450 MHz and 2450 MHz MW exposure. The difference of temperatures between before and after 2450 MHz MW exposures were found to be significant (P<0.01). It was concluded that E.coli puc 9 plasmid DNA was not affected by 9450 MHz and 2450 MHz Microwave radiation.Öğe The effects of extremely. low. frequency magnetic field on inner ear, parotis and submandibular gland(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2002) Aksen, F; Akdag, MZ; Meric, F; Cureoglu, S; Yilmaz, F; Kaya, AExperiments using sixteen male Spraque-Dawley rats were carried out to determine possible effects of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field (ELF MF) on inner ear, parotis and submandibular glands. The rats were seperated into two. groups of 8, one control and one experimental group, The rats in the experimental groups were exposed to ELF MF (1.35 mT) 2 hour/a day during two months. Eight rats of sham group were treated like experimental group except ELF MF exposure. The rats were sacrificed under ketalar anesthesia immediately after last exposure. Then parotis, submandibular gland and total ear of rats were removed for. histopathological examination. The histopathological results obtained indicate that ELF magnetic field didn't affect parotis, submandibular glands and inner ear.Öğe Effects of microwaves and elf magnetic field on the phagocytic activity of variously treated rat macrophages(Marcel Dekker Inc, 2001) Dasdag, S; Sert, C; Akdag, MZ; Oflazoglu, HDThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 9450-MHz microwaves and extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELFMF) on the phagocytic activity of rat macrophages in control rats and those treated with vitamins C and E. In the microwave group, 24 albino Wistar rats were exposed to microwaves (2.65 mW/cm(2), specific absorption rate [SAR]: 1.80 W/kg) for 1 h/day for 21 days. Thirty-two albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups (one control, three experimental) (n = 8). The rats in the first exposure group were only exposed to microwaves for 1 h per day for 21 days. In addition to exposure with microwaves as in the first experimental group, vitamins E and C (150 mg/kg/day) were injected intraperitoneally into the rats in the second and third exposure groups, respectively. In the magnetic field exposure group, 26 albino Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the sham (n = 12) and exposed groups (n = 14). The rats in the experimental group were exposed to ELFMF (50 Hz, 0.75 mT) for 3 h/day for 3 weeks. After completing the exposure period, the rats were sacrificed under ketalar anesthesia. The viability of isolated alveolar macrophages of rats in the microwave and ELF groups was determined and compared to sham groups. The results were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. In the microwave group, the phagocytic activity in the experimental groups was found to be higher than the sham groups. However, with phagocytic activity in rats treated with both microwaves and vitamins, only the vitamin C group was significant (p < 0.05). In the magnetic field group, the phagocytic activity of rats exposed to ELFMF was lower than that of the sham group, but the results were not significant (p > 0.05). Rectal temperatures of microwave-exposed groups were found to be significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05).Öğe The effects of whole body cell phone exposure on the T1 relaxation times and trace elements in the serum of rats(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2004) Aksen, F; Dasdag, S; Akdag, MZ; Askin, M; Dasdag, MMThe. objective of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted from cellular phones on: (1) trace elements such as manganese, iron, copper, zinc, (2) T1 relaxation times in serum, and (3) rectal temperature of rats. exposed to microwave radiation emitted. from cellular phones. Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into two groups of eight, one sham-exposed (control) and one expo sed (experimental). The rats were confined in Plexiglas cages and a cellular phone was placed 0.5 cm under the cage. For the experimental group, cellular phones were activated 20 min per day, 7 days a week, for I month. For the control group, a cellular phone placed beneath the cage for 20 min a day was turned off. Rectal temperatures were measured weekly. For 250-mW-radiated powers, the whole body average specified absorption rate (SA R) (rms) is 0.52 W/ kg and 1-g-averaged peak SAR (rms) is 3.13 W/kg. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical comparisons of groups. T1 relaxation time and the values of iron and copper in the serum of the experimental group were not changed compared to the control group (p > 0.05). However, manganese and zinc values in the serum of the experimental group were significantly different from the control group (p < 0.05). The difference in rectal temperature measured before and after exposure in the experimental groups was not statistically different from control (p > 0.05).Öğe Effects of whole body chronic 50 Hz sinusoidal weak magnetic field exposure on the rat pituitary hormones(Mbr Press Inc, 1999) Sert, C; Akdag, MZ; Çelik, MS; Dasdag, SWe have investigated whether functions of pituitary gland change when the rats are exposed to sinusoidal magnetic fields at dark. In this study, 26 Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups as experimental (n=14) and sham group (n=12). Experimental was exposed to 0.75 mT sinusoidal magnetic field procuded by Helmholtz coils and sham group was housed between inactivated Helmholtz coils, for one month. After one month Animals were sacrificed and their blood were taken. Serum hormone levels were determined by Radioimmunassay method. In exposed group, serum cortisol TSH, FSH and prolactin concentration did not statistically changed according to sham exposed group (p>0.05), but Growth Hormone and testesterone levels statistically changed (p<0.05).Öğe Effects of whole-body chronic microwave exposure on some hormones of variously treated rats(Mbr Press Inc, 1999) Akdag, MZ; Sert, C; Kaya, H; Dasdag, S; Çelik, MSTo investigate the effects of chronic whole-body microwave exposure, on serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), thyroxin (T-4), triiodothyronine (T-3), Cortisol, Growth Hormone (GH), Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Estradiol concentrations, Wistar-albino female rats without treated and treated Vitamin C and Vitamin E were exposed to Microwave (MW) with a frequency of 9.450 MHz at the power density of 2.65 mW/cm(2) with corresponding specific absorption rate of 1.80 W/kg for 1h/day during 21 days. Vitamin C (150 mg/kg/day) and Vitamin E (150 mg/kg/day) were administrated during last seven exposure days to MW+Vit.C (n=8) and MW+Vit.E (n=8) groups respectively. Rectal temperatures were measured in all female rats. Serum levels of GH and FSH decreased (p<0.05, p<0.01 respectively) while estradiol levels increased in MW exposure group (p<0.05). But other hormones did not change in MW group (n=8). All hormone levels of rats treated with Vitamin C did not change (p>0.05). T-3 and T-4 hormones of exposed rats were found to be significant at MW +Vit.E group according to MW group (p<0.05). Rectal temperature differences were found to be significant in experimental groups according to sham group (n=8) (p<0.05). It was concluded that the changes of hormone concentrations under study was consistent with MW-induced thermal stimulation of Hypothalamic-Hypophysial-Adrenal (HHA) and Hypothalamic-Hypophysial-Thyroid (HHT) activity and Vitamin E might play role in changing T-3 and T-4 hormones.Öğe Elf magnetic field effects on fatty-acid composition of phospholipid fraction and reproduction of rats' testes(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2002) Sert, C; Akdag, MZ; Bashan, M; Buyukbayram, H; Dasdag, SIn this study, we investigated how rat reproductive cells, testosterone, and the fatty acid composition of the phospholipid fraction of rats' testis cells are affected by extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELFMF). The change in fatty acid composition of the membrane phospholipid fraction can be the mechanism for this effect. We used a total of 26 male Wistar Albino rats, 14 experimental, and 12 controls. The experimental group rats were exposed to a magnetic field (0.8 mT) for 5 weeks, 3 hr per day. The control group rats were kept between inactive coils. After 5 weeks, the testis tissues and sperm cells of all rats were histopathologically investigated and sperm counts determined. Epididymal sperm count did not change compared to the control group (p>.05). Besides this, amorphous head, banana-like head, hammer head, coiled tail, abnormal mid-piece and tail, multiple, and cytoplasmic-droplet type cell numbers did not change in either group (p>.05). However, a statistical difference was found between the control and experimental groups with respect to head with lack of hook and isolated head type sperm (p<.05). In addition, testosterone levels were also found to be altered (p<.05). In the histopathologic investigation of testis tissue, decreased spermatogenesis in some seminiferous tubules, congestion in blood vessels of the interstitium, and increases in interstitial edema and Sertoli cells were observed. Leydig cells were found to be normal in appearance. The fatty acid of the testis cell membrane phospholipids was decreased in the experimental group with respect to the control group.Öğe The evaluation of the role of microwave and vitamins on rat eyes related to lipid peroxidation and tissue damage(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2002) Akdag, MZ; Sert, C; Erdinc, L; Dasdag, S; Buyukbayram, H; Celik, MS; Cakmak, SSIn the present study, the effect of low-intensity microwave radiation on rat eyes and the protective effect of some vitamins against the damage induced by microwave was investigated. 32 Wistar-albino female rats were divided into four groups (1 Control, 3 Experimental) (n=8). The rats of first experimental group were exposed to 9450 MHz microwave (2.65 mW/cm(2)) for one hour a day during 21 days. In addition to exposure with MW as first experimental group, Vitamin E and Vitamin C (150 mg/kg/day) were injected intraperitoneally to second and third experimental groups respectively during last seven days of exposure. The eyes of rats were examined daily after MW and sham exposure by an ophthalmologist biomicroscopically. After completed 21 days exposure period the rats were sacrificed under ketalar anesthesia. The rat eyes were enucleated for histopathological examination and Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. Sero hemoragic dark brown secretion was observed in rats' conjunctiva of fist and second experimental groups after biomicroscopic examination. However, no damage was detected in the third group. Vacuolization, pleomorphism between cells and increasing of cell layers in lens fibers of all experimental groups were observed histopathologically. In the cornea of experimental groups, cellular loss, shape and size differences among cells and lack of polarity were noticed. Slight edema, congestion, desquamation in epithelial cells, separation between layers in some areas and alteration in pigment cells of retina were also determined in experimental group rats. The MDA (Malondialdehyde) levels of all experimental groups increased significantly compared to control group (P<0.05). However, no significant differences among experimental groups were observed at MDA levels (P>0.05). The temperature differences of all experimental groups were found to be significant compared to control group (P<0.05). Finally, it was determined that low-intensity long-term microwave exposure caused histopathologic alternations and lipid peroxidations on rat eyes.Öğe Oxidative DNA damage in rats exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields(Informa Healthcare, 2005) Yokus, B; Cakir, DU; Akdag, MZ; Sert, C; Mete, NExtremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field (EMF) is thought to prolong the life of free radicals and can act as a promoter or co-promoter of cancer. 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG) is one of the predominant forms of radical-induced lesions to DNA and is a potential tool to asses the cancer risk. We examined the effects of extremely low frequency electro magnetic field (ELF-EMF) (50 Hz, 0.97 mT) on 8OHdG levels in DNA and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in plasma. To examine the possible time-dependent changes resulting from magnetic field, 8OHdG and TBARS were quantitated at 5 0 and 100 days. Our results showed that the exposure to ELF-EMF induced oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The 8OHdG levels of exposed group (4.39 +/- 0.88 and 5.29 +/- 1.16 8OHdG/dG. 105, respectively) were significantly higher than sham group at 50 and 100 days (3.02 +/- 0.63 and 3.46 +/- 0.38 8OHdG/dG.10(5)) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The higher TBARS levels were also detected in the exposure group both on 50 and 100 days (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). In addition, the extent of DNA damage and LPO would depend on the exposure time (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05). Our data may have important implications for the long-term exposure to ELF-EMF which may cause oxidative DNA damage.
