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Öğe Antioxidant properties of allium turcicum Özhatay & cowley plant extract, its effects on the proliferation and migration of cancer cells(Frontiers Media SA, 2024) İpek, Polat; Baran, Ayşe; Cebe, Deniz Barış; Ahmadian, Elham; Eftekhari, Aziz; Baran, Mehmet FıratCancer is a type of non-communicable disease that is responsible for numerous deaths worldwide. Cancer incidence and mortality rates are on the rise due to a combination of factors, such as a growing population, aging, and poor dietary habits. The Allium turcicum Özhatay & Cowley plant is an endemic plant in the area where it grows and is consumed by the public due to its various benefits. This endemic plant, which generally grows in high-altitude regions, is sold in bunches because it is costly, mixed with rock salt, crushed into powder, and consumed as a spice. The cytotoxic and growth-inhibitory effects of A. turcicum Özhatay & Cowley herb extract on human glioblastoma U373 cells, human colorectal carcinoma cell HCT-116, and healthy HUVEC cell lines were determined by the MTT method. After 24 and 48 h of application, logIC50 values in HUVEC, HCT-116, and U373 cells were defined as 3.737, 3.765; 3.513, 3.696, 4.476, and 4.104 μg/mL, respectively. We conducted a cell migration experiment to study the A. turcicum Özhatay & Cowley Extract (ATÖCE) impact on cancer cells’ metastatic behavior. Our findings indicate that ATÖCE has an inhibitory effect on the migration potential of the cells used in the study. We conducted experiments using DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and total phenolic content to assess the antioxidant properties of ATÖCE. The findings from the antioxidant activity experiments revealed an activity level of 0.20 ± 0.046 at IC50. Additionally, the total phenolic content was measured to be 0.26 ± 0.044 mg GAE/g. Copyright © 2024 İPEK, Baran, Cebe, Ahmadian, Eftekhari and Baran.Öğe Deciphering the effect of Potentilla fulgens root extract against healthy HUVEC cell line and cancer cell lines (A549 and SKOV-3)(Elsevier B.V., 2024) İpek, Polat; Baran, Ayşe; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Eftekhari, Aziz; Khusro, Ameer; Ommati, Mohammad Mehdi; Aliyev, Elvin; Khalilov, RovshanBackground: Potentilla fulgens, a highly valued indigenous medicinal herb grown in high altitudes of the Himalayan region with anticancer, hypoglycaemic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antiulcerogenic properties, are used in traditional systems of medicine. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of P. fulgens root extract, as one of the natural alternatives to chemotherapeutic drugs used in cancer treatment, on proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy of human non-small cell lung cancer cell line (A549), human ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3), and healthy human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC). Methods: Anti-proliferative effect was assessed by MTT assay. The expression of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins was evaluated by western blotting. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) test were determined using standard kit methods. Results: Our results showed that the extract inhibited proliferation of HUVEC, A549, and SKOV-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. MTT assay analysis revealed that the extract significantly (P<0.05) induced mortality in HUVEC, A549, and SKOV-3 cells. Western blot results revealed increased expression of NF-κB after the extract treatment but led to the down-regulation in Beclin-1, Bax, extracellular-signal-related kinase 1 and 2, Sequestosome-1, and cleaved Casp-3 levels. Treatment groups showed an increase in TOS and TAC values in A549 and SKOV-3 cell lines, while HUVEC cell line showed an increase in TAC and a decrease in TOS values, compared to the control group. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that P. fulgens root extract inhibited the proliferation of healthy cells and cancer cells through cell cycle arrest, representing its limited application as therapeutic agent in cancer treatment.Öğe Integrative studies of Microtus hartingi and Microtus guentheri (Cricetidae, Arvicolinae) and taxonomic problem of Microtus elbeyli(Elsevier GmbH, 2024) Selçuk, Ahmet Yesari; Kaya, Alaettin; Kefeli̇oğlu, HalukIn this study, Taxonomic differences between Microtus guentheri and Microtus hartingi, which are similar in terms of external morphological features, were determined using linear morphometric, geometric morphometric, karyological and molecular analyses methods. Through classical morphometric (mean values) and geometric morphometric analyses of craniodental and mandible characters, influenced by various genetic, developmental, and functional processes, it was found that M. hartingi and M. guentheri exhibited notable differences in both mean linear measurements and shape. The Jackknife in classical morphometric analyses of samples, which underwent molecular and karyological species diagnoses, was higher than 88 % for each character. In geometric morphometric analyses, the Procrustes distance for shape follows the order Ventral < Dorsal < Mandible < M3Öğe The expression of intermediate filaments in the abomasum of ruminants: A comparative study(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2024) Aydın, Nurşin; Ketani, Muzaffer Aydın; Sağsöz, HakanIntermediate filaments (IFs) are key molecular factors of the cell and have been reported to play an important role in maintaining the structural integrity and functionality of the abomasum. This study was designed to determine the regional distribution, cellular localization and expression of several IFs, including CK8, CK18, CK19, vimentin, desmin, peripherin and nestin, as well as the connective tissue component laminin, in the bovine, ovine and caprine abomasa. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated varying levels of expression of CK8, CK18, CK19, vimentin, desmin, nestin, peripherin and laminin in the bovine, ovine and caprine abomasa. CK8 immunoreactions were particularly evident in the luminal and glandular epithelia of the glands found in the abomasal cardia, fundus and pylorus in all three species. In the bovine abomasum, CK18 immunoreactions were stronger in the parietal cells, compared to the chief cells. In the abomasum of all three species, the smooth muscle as well as the smooth muscle cells of the vascular media in the cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions showed strong immunoreactivity. In all three species, the cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions of the abomasum showed strong peripherin and nestin immunoreactions in the luminal and glandular epithelial cells, stromal and smooth muscle cells, nervous plexuses and blood vessels. The expression patterns of IFs and laminin in the ruminant abomasum suggest that these proteins play a structural role in the cytoskeleton and are effective in maintaining abomasal tissue integrity and stability.Öğe Variation in the shape and size of the scale of the Tigris bream (Acanthobrama marmid, Heckel, 1843) from the Tigris River, Türkiye attributed to Seasonality, Age and Sex: A geometric morphometric study(Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Bilici, Serbest; Kaya, Alaettin; Dörtbudak, Muhammed Yaşar; Çiçek, Tarık; Ünlü, ErhanIn this study, the Tigris bream Acanthobrama marmid individuals (44 females and 31 males) were captured from the Tigris River. The scale size (as centroid size) and shape were analyzed separately using 2– dimensional geometric morphometric methods. Procrustes ANOVA revealed significant differences in scales size between sexes, while no difference in shape was observed. Groups based on season and age showed significant differences in both size and shape. Female individuals had larger scale sizes than males, with the scales of the Autumn group being larger than those of the Spring and Summer groups. Scale size also increased with age groups. PCA analysis showed variation in the first five components when examined by age, season, and gender. CVA and DFA results indicated significant differences in shape between different age groups and seasonal groups, but no significant differences between sexes were observed.Öğe Prognostic significance of the chemerin level in coronavirus disease 2019 patients(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2024) Gökdemir, Gül Şahika; Gökdemir, Mehmet Tahir; Araç, Songül; Yokuş, BeranIncreased serum chemerin levels have been reported in several inflammatory diseases. Few studies have investigated the relationship between chemerin and clinical features of COVID-19. Thus, chemerin may modulate the development and progression of COVID-19. We compared the serum chemerin concentration between patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection and its association with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. This is a prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study. We enrolled COVID-19 patients who presented to our tertiary hospital and healthy controls. The COVID-19 patients were conducted and the dates of symptom onset were recorded. After admission to the hospital and stabilization, blood samples were obtained for routine hemogram, biochemistry, and chemerin. The chemerin level was 37.93?±?17.3 ng/mL in patients followed in the ICU, 29.41?±?12.79 ng/mL in inpatients, 30.48?±?10.86 ng/mL in outpatients, and 25.12?±?9.82 ng/mL in healthy controls. The difference between patients treated in the ICU and healthy controls was significant (P?Öğe Determination of chemical components of the endemic species Allium turcicum L. plant extract by LC-MS/MS and evaluation of medicinal potentials(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) İpek, Polat; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Baran, Ayşe; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Ommati, Mohammad Mehdi; Karadağ, Musa; Zor, MuratThe Allium turcicum L. (Zuzubak) plant as a cultivated vegetable have various health benefits and consumed as a food. Due to the shortcoming evidence in literature and the importance of this plant in folk medicine, in the present study, for the first time, we evaluated the bioactive profile of components (using LC-MS/MS), cytotoxicity, anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial prospectives of Zuzubak methanol extract. Reported results show that the extract is rich in bioactive compounds and has anticancer activity with breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human prostate cancer cells (DU-145), and Human osteosarcoma cancer Cell lines of (IC50) in dose dependent manner in the concentration range of 31.25 ?g/mL and 2000 ?g/mL for 24 and 48 h. Western blotting results determined that the extract significantly suppressed the growth of U2OS, MCF-7, and DU-145 cancer cells by down expression of Ang-1 (angiogenic protein) and Beclin-1 (autophagy protein) and overexpression of Bax (a proapoptotic protein). The oxidative stress indices showed a reduction in RPE-1 and MCF-7 cells and an upsurge in U2OS and DU-145 cells. Additionally, the antimicrobial assay showed suppression of the growth of various pathogenic microorganisms in 4.00–8.00 ?g/concentrations of Zuzubak extract using the microdilution method. The phytochemicals identified showed promising anticancer, antioxidant effects, and antimicrobial properties, representing a valuable herbal source for drug development studies. © 2024 The AuthorsÖğe Composition of abomasal mucins in hair goats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Karakoç, Zelal; Topaloğlu, Uğur; Ketani, Muzaffer AydinThe mucosal epithelium of the digestive tract is covered by a layer of mucusthat protects against chemical, enzymatic and mechanical damage, and pathogenic microorganisms. We investigated the composition of the mucin in the abomasum of goat kids using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. We used 6 - 8-month-old goat kids; samples were collected from the cardia, fundus and pylorus regions of the abomasum. Alcian blue (pH.2.5)-PAS, Alcian blue (pH.2.5)-aldehyde fuchsin, phenylhydrazine-PAS histochemical staining methods were used as well as Muc1, Muc2, Muc5ac and Muc6 immunohistochemistry. We found that neutral mucins, carboxylic mucins and N-acetyl sialomucins were present in the stomachs of the kids. Muc1 was expressed in all glandular epithelium cells and was expressed intensely by the mucous neck cells in the fundus. Although Muc2 expression was not observed in the cardia and fundus, weak expression was found in the surface epithelial cells and mucus secreting cells of the pylorus. Muc5ac was expressed intensely in all glandular epithelial cells and in mucous neck cells of the fundus as well as mucus secreting cells in the pylorus. Moderately intense Muc6 expression also was found in the cardia and fundus; it was expressed intensely in the mucus secreting cells of the pylorus.Öğe Gross anatomy and arterial vascularization of the tympanic cavity and osseous labyrinth in mid-gestational bovine fetuses(Wiley-Liss, 2010) Erdoğan, Serkan; Kılınç, Mehmet; 0000-0002-5013-9540; 0000-0001-8853-9657This study aims to determine morphological features of certain aural formations, varietal characteristics, and arterial supply in fetal development period in cattle. For this purpose, ears of 10 bovine fetuses in mid-gestation were evaluated. Organ morphology and vascularization in prenatal life were investigated by using corrosion cast technique. It was observed that some aspects of osseous formation and vascular organization in middle and inner ears were not developed completely in the first half of gestation; in addition, cochlea did not its snail-like structure yet, lateral semicircular canal was rather low compared to others and auditory ossicles did not take its final shape. The feeding blood vessels of inner ear were found to demonstrate three different distribution patterns, whereas feeding pattern in middle ear was very similar in many specimens. The presence of stapedial artery was also identified. Differences and similarities with other some species were assessed in terms of both general morphological structure and vascular organization. From this regard, it is thought that this study will constitute a comparative model for both humans and other species and provide morphological contributions since there is not sufficient literature on species-specific ear morphology in the field of veterinary anatomy in contrast to the abundance of studies on humans. Anat Rec, 293:2083-2093, 2010. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Öğe The protective effect of Pomegranate extract against the experimental gastric ulcer induced by ethanol in rats(Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Karakoç, Zelal; Oruç, İdris; Toptancı, Bircan Çeken; Baksi, Nazan; Ketani, Muzaffer AydınThe Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a commonly found fruit in the Mediterranean and Iran, which has a variety of uses including medicinal purposes, cosmetics, and as a spice in culinary applications. Pharmacological functions of Pomegranate include antioxidation, anti–tumor, anti–hepatotoxicity, anti–lipoperoxidation and antibacterial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Pomegranate extract by utilizing its antioxidant activity in an experimental rat model of gastritis induced by ethanol. In the study, 24 female Wistar albino rats (180–200 g) were used. Gastritis in rats was induced using Ethanol. In experimental groups, Tumor necrosis factor–alpha, Myloperoxidase, Superoxide Dismutase and Malondialdehyde were examined for biochemical analyzes. Streptavidin peroxidase immunohistochemistry method was applied to gastric tissues with gastritis. A statistically significant difference was observed between Superoxide Dismutase and Meloperoxidase levels. CD8 and CD68 immunoreactivity was higher in the Ethanol group compared to the other groups. A decrease was observed in CD8 and CD68 positive immunoreactivity in Ethanol+Pomegranate extract group compared to Ethanol group. The study found that the immunoreactivity of MHC–I and MHC–II was found in specific locations, namely intraepithelial lymphocytes located in the epithelium, some capillary vessel endothelium, and connective tissue. Changes in anti–oxidative stress markers such as Superoxide Dismutase and Myloperoxidase contributed to the mucosal protective effect of Pomegranate extract in Ethanol–induced gastritis.Öğe Effect of vitamin C at different doses on the oxidant/antioxidant system of ewes during late pregnancy, early and late lactation and their lambs(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2024) Gürgöze, Sema; Alak, İlyas; Durak, Mehmet HanifiBackground: The development of connective tissue in the fetus during the ruminant gestation period increases the need for vitamin C, which is then further increased by the course of pregnancy and lactation. As pregnancy and lactation develop, free radicals and MDA produced as a result of oxidative stress interact with functional groups in the cell, resulting in cell damage. The oxidant/antioxidant balance at this time can be calculated using the total antioxidant status, total oxidant status and oxidative status index values. This study aimed to investigate the effect of two different doses of vitamin C on oxidative stress indicators in late gestation, early and late lactation ewes and their offspring. Methods: In the study, 48 ewes of the German Meat Merino and Akkaraman breeds that were developed by crossbreeding were employed. After breeding, four groups were formed from pregnant and non-pregnant ewes. Negative Pregnancy Control group was formed from non-pregnant ewes. Positive Pregnancy Control, Positive Pregnancy Practice 1 and Positive Pregnancy Practice 2 groups were formed from pregnant ewes. After the 90th day of pregnancy, ewes in the Negative Pregnancy Control and Positive Pregnancy Control groups received saline (0.9% NaCl, 2.5 ml) injections every week concurrently with the other pregnant groups until delivery. From the 90th day of pregnancy until birth, sheep participating in Positive Pregnancy Practices 1 and 2 received weekly injections of vitamin C (625 mg/CA, 2.5 ml and 1250 mg/CA, 5 ml, respectively). Result: In the study, no statistically significant difference was found in serum MDA, TAS, TOS and OSI levels between late pregnancy, lactation and born lambs. While none of the pregnant ewes in this study aborted, vitamin C injection significantly decreased postnatal lamb mortality. This showed that vitamin C helped pregnant ewes feel less stressed throughout pregnancy and helped lower postnatal lamb mortality. In pregnant ewes, AO-effective vitamin C supplementation has been shown to have possible beneficial effects on both maternal and offspring health, whereby the number of stillbirths was reduced by vitamin C supplementation, especially in Positive Pregnancy Practice 2 lambs.Öğe Investigation of serum trace element levels in sheep in Diyarbakır Province and districts(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2024) Durak, Mehmet Hanifi; Gürsel, Feraye Esen; Akış, Iraz; Gürgöze, SemaBackground: In this study, the serum of sheep raised on pasture in the province and districts of Diyarbakır was tested for concentrations of the essential trace elements Cr, Cu, Se, Zn, Co, Mn, ultra-trace elements like Ni, V and Ag and non-essential toxic trace elements like Al, Pb, As, Cd and Ti. Methods: The animals used in the study consisted of 313 healthy sheep at the end of lactation obtained from different districts of Diyarbakır. The closed system method of wet decomposition was used to transfer serum trace elements to the soluble phase in blood samples. Serum trace elements were analyzed using an ICP-MS device. Result: This study contributed to obtaining normal levels of Al, Ag, Ni, Ti and V trace elements in ewes at the end of lactation. It was observed that there was no difference between all districts in terms of serum Al, Ni, Cu and Zn trace element levels. In the study, differences were found in the serum Cr, Se, As and Cd trace element levels of sheep between the districts; however, it was determined that no significant deficiency or excess occurred and these levels were within normal limits. The Co and Mn levels we obtained in Diyarbakır are much lower than the average levels reported by the researchers. We can say that the addition of Co and Mn trace elements in appropriate proportions to the rations of animals can positively affect animal health and productivity.Öğe Differential distribution of intermediate filament proteins in the bovine and ovine tongues(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Çelenk, Fatma; Saruhan, Berna Güney; Sağsöz, HakanIntermediate filaments constitute the most heterogeneous class among the major classes of cytoskeletal proteins of mammalian cells. The 40 or more intermediate filament proteins have been classified into five types which show very specific rules of expression in specialized cell types. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical distribution of cytokeratins (CKs) 8, 18, and 19 as well as the intermediate filaments vimentin, laminin, and desmin in bovine and ovine tongues. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for CKs 8, 18, 19, vimentin, laminin, and desmin. Our results revealed similar immunostaining intensity and distribution among various CKs, contrasting with distinct patterns for vimentin, laminin, and desmin. Immunoreactions were primarily localized in serous acini and ductal epithelium for cytokeratins, while vimentin and laminin were evident in connective tissue, endothelium, serous acini, and desmin in striated and smooth muscles. This study highlighted the absence of CKs 8, 18, 19, vimentin, and desmin in the lingual epithelium of bovine and ovine tongues. These findings enabled the classification of epithelial cells based on their specific cytokeratin patterns. Furthermore, vimentin was identified in mesodermal tissues and organs, desmin in muscle tissue, and laminin played crucial roles in basement membrane formation, nerve tissue regeneration, innervation of epithelial taste buds, and tissue separation and connection. Our findings provide essential insights into intermediate filament dynamics at the cellular and tissue levels. They serve as a foundation for future studies using systematic molecular biological techniques in this field.Öğe Ministry regulations on specialization training in veterinary medicine in Türkiye(Ankara University, 2024) Küçükaslan, Özgül; Yerlikaya, Nigar; Gül, Raziye Tamay BaşağaçThe first practices associated with specialization training in veterinary medicine in Türkiye were initiated in the field of military veterinary medicine in the 1880s. The first civilian veterinarians were sent abroad for specialization training in 1909. In the Republican era, specialization training in civil veterinary medicine was carried out in a planned and programmed system by the seven basic regulations issued by the Ministry of Agriculture from 1942 to the 1980s. In 1982, all graduate studies in the field of health sciences were included in graduate schools of health sciences, meanwhile, the Specialization High School, the main institution that trains specialists for civil veterinary services, was closed, thus specialization education in this field was terminated. In the following years, the legal regulations prepared for specialization training in civil veterinary medicine could not be put into effect, thus specialists could not be trained for about 40 years. In 2018, a new regulation was put into effect for specialization training in civil veterinary medicine. However, despite the end of the three-year transition period, the shortage of specialists in the field still continues, since education has not yet started. On the other hand, some details in the new regulation do not fully coincide with international practices. There is no doubt that specialization training in veterinary medicine in Türkiye should be carried out in line with national requirements; but it should also be of universal standards.Öğe Genetic polymorphisms of Cyp19 and myostatin genes in Turkish indigenous sheep breeds(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2017) Akış, Iraz; Gürsel, Feraye Esen; Çakmak, Neziha Hacıhasanoğlu; Atmaca, Gizem; Yardibi, Hasret; Ateş, Atila; Durak, Mehmet HanifiGrowth and meat production traits are very important in sheep breeding. Cyp19 gene has a major role in reproductive activity and growth due to its function in estrogen synthesis. Another gene affecting growth traits is Myostatin (MSTN) gene, which mainly regulates skeletal muscle growth. In this study allele frequencies of genetic polymorphism in Cyp19 and Myostatin genes were identified by PCR-RFLP method in five indigenous Turkish sheep breeds, Chiose, Imroz, Kivircik, Zom and Morkaraman. Digestion of Cyp19 gene with HaeIII only revealed uncut AA genotype and digestion of MSTN with DraI also revealed only uncut AA genotype. Both loci analyzed in this study were found to be monomorphic in five Turkish indigenous sheep breeds. These highly conserved parts of the two genes can be useful for molecular evolutionary studies in sheep. Further studies regarding association analysis of Cyp19 and MSTN in sheep should be conducted.Öğe Paraoxonase activities and oxidative status during late pregnancy and postpartum period in dairy cattle with and without retained fetal membrane(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 2017) Durak, Mehmet Hanifi; Yokuş, Beran; Ercan, NazlıThe aim of this study was to evaluate serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total peroxidation (TPX), oxidative stress index (OSI) and their associations with Retained fetal membrane (RFM) in late pregnancy and postpartum period. Possible relationships have been investigated between these markers and other relevant blood parameters also. Totally 266 pregnant cows were included in this study. Samples were taken in during late pregnancy and postpartum periods. The cows were divided into two groups after giving birth as RFM and Non-Retained fetal membrane (NRFM). The TAC, TPX and OSI values were not different in RFM compared to NRFM in both periods. The PON1 activities of RFM group in both periods were lower than those of the NRFM, however; these variations were not statistically significant. PON1 activities was statistically higher in the late pregnancy both RFM and NRFM groups than postpartum. This observation point out oxidative stress could not relate to pathogenesis of RFM. The PON1 activity was increased physiologically in pregnant cows, and more information is needed to determine whether PON1 may be used to identify cows at high risk of developing RFM. Decreasing serum urea/creatinine ratio, globulin and total protein concentration and increasing albumin/globulin ratio might be a parameter to contributing use in diagnosis of RFM.Öğe Paraoxonase activity an indicator of complications at early stage of complicated pregnant cows(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Ercan, Nazlı; Yokuş, Beran; Gün, Mustafa Can; Koçhan, AkınIn healthy and complicated pregnant cows, on the 2nd and 6th months of pregnancy in order to determine the levels of maternal serum Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and the possibility of complications can occur during the pregnancy might be a premise indication. Serum samples were taken at 2nd and 6th months of 252 pregnant cows at the end of their pregnancies. The cows were classified into two groups such as complicated (Abortion, Dystocia) and non-complicated. Maternal serum PON1 activity in 6th months was lower at complicated group than normally pregnant group (P=0.004; P<0.01), no difference was discovered between these groups in their 2nd month of pregnancy (P>0.05). Among the concentration of HDL, TP and globulin no statistical difference was observed between complicated, subgroups and normal births (P>0.05). Levels of PON1 in 2 and 6 months were statistically different between the groups of dystocia and normal pregnancy (P<0.01; P = 0.003), and abort and normal pregnancy (P<0.05; P=0.033). In this study, it was inferred that the evaluation of PON1 activity early indicator of complications for clinicians that might occur in further periods of pregnancy. These results showed the fact that PON1 activity can be used as a marker relatively at the early phases of pregnancy in complicated cows.Öğe Epidermal growth factor receptors and their ligands are expressed in the spleen of the Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) during the post-hatch period(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023) Alan, Emel; Liman, Narin; Sağsöz, Hakan1. The epidermal growth factor (EGF) family plays an important role in the development, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of cells, as well as in wound healing, which are all essential to the viability of multicellular organisms. The avian spleen is a principal organ of systemic immunity and its importance in disease resistance is presumably accentuated by the scarcity of avian lymph nodes. 2. The aim of this study was to determine whether EGF receptors (ErbB1-4) and their ligands (EGF, AREG and NRG) are expressed in the structural components of the quail spleen during the post-hatch period. At each selected age, from 1 d to 7, 14, 21 and 60 d, 10 quails were euthanised under ether anaesthesia and their spleens were fixed in a 10% formaldehyde-alcohol solution. Following routine histological processing, the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method was used for immunohistochemical examination. 3. Strong cytoplasmic immunoreactions for ErbB2, ErbB4 and NRG were observed in the ellipsoid associated cells (EAC) of the quail spleen throughout the post-hatch period. This immunoreactivity in the EAC increased after the 7th d post-hatch. ErbB1 and ErbB3 immunoreactions were relatively similar and weak in all components of the spleen during the post-hatch period. Some immune cells of the peri-arterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) and peri-ellipsoidal lymphatic sheath (PELS) showed positive immunoreactivity for the ErbB receptors and their ligands. In the vascular smooth muscle cells, immunoreactivity for ErbB2 was stronger than that for the other ErbB receptors and their ligands. 4. The data showed that ErbB receptors and their ligands (EGF, AREG and NRG) are expressed by different structural components of the quail spleen during the post-hatch period.Öğe Turkish undergraduate veterinary students’ attitudes to use of animals and other teaching alternatives for learning anatomy(University of Toronto Press Inc., 2019) Küçükaslan, Özgül; Erdoğan, Serkan; Bulut, İlhamiThis study aimed to investigate the views of first-year veterinary students in Turkey from six veterinary faculties on their anatomy courses and to evaluate their perceptions of the uses of animals and other teaching alternatives from an ethical perspective. The study sample included a total of 293 veterinary students studying in the provinces of Ankara, Burdur, Diyarbakır, Kars, Konya, and Tekirdag. The 38-item instrument tool developed by the researchers consisted of three sections and was administered to volunteer student participants. All the data were statistically analyzed, and normal distribution of the scores obtained in the attitude scales was determined using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov Z test (KSZ). The 20 items in the Anatomy Scale had an arithmetic mean of 3.48 and thus indicated an average rating of agree. The most challenging topic was found by 40.9% to be “the nervous system.” The most useful material in facilitating the learning process was rated by 24.1% to be “the anatomy book.” The 11 items in the Cadaver Scale had an arithmetic mean of 3.77, indicating an average rating of agree. The highest arithmetic mean score was for the item “Using cadavers is a must for the anatomy course” with a mean of 4.66, indicating their strong agreement with this view. The veterinary students’ perspective emphasized that the combination of cadavers and the anatomy book contributed to their learning of anatomy.Öğe Kınalı keklikte (Alectoris chukar) tunica fibrosa bulbi’nin morfolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması(Fırat Üniversitesi, 2012) Erdoğan, Serkan; Akbalık, Mehmet Erdem; Sağsöz, HakanBu çalışma kınalı keklikte (Alectoris chukar) tunica fibrosa bulbi’nin morfolojik özelliklerinin ortaya konması amacıyla planlanmıştır. Çalışmada 5 dişi ve 5 erkek olmak üzere toplam 10 adet kınalı keklik kullanıldı. Total olarak çıkarılan gözler %10’luk nötral formaldehit solüsyonunda tespit edildi. Rutin histolojik işlemleri takiben 5 μm kalınlığında alınan kesitlere genel yapıyı belirlemek için Crossman’ın modifiye triple boyası uygulandı. Kornea ve sklera’yı meydana getiren yapılar detaylı olarak incelendi. Özellikle sklera’nın anterior kısmında bulunan kemik plaklar ve sklera’yı çepeçevre kuşatan kıkırdak doku dikkat çekiciydi. Optik sinirin sklera’yı deldiği bölgede de kemik dokunun (os opticus) olduğu belirlendi. Tunica fibrosa bulbi’ye ait katmanların genişliği bakımından erkek ve dişi arasında bir farklılığın olup olmadığı istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Ölçümü yapılan katmanlar arasında sadece korneal stroma ve skleral kıkırdağın genişliği bakımından cinsiyetler arası önemli bir farklılık saptandı (P<0.05).
