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    Desulfurization of diesel-like fuel produced from waste lubrication oil and its utilization on engine performance and exhaust emission
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2013) Arpa, Orhan; Yumrutas, Recep; Kaska, Onder
    In this study, desulfurization of diesel-like fuel (DLF) produced from waste lubrication oil, and the effects of desulfurized fuel on engine performance and emissions were investigated experimentally. Firstly, the DLF was produced by using a fuel production system and applying pyrolitic distillation method. After producing the DLF, oxidative desulfurization (ODS) method was applied at a temperature of 50 degrees C in order to decrease the amount of sulfur in the DLF. The sulfur level of the DLF was decreased from 3500 to 420 ppm after the application of ODS method. It was observed that temperature had an important effect on decrement of sulfur content of the DLF. Secondly, characteristic tests such as density, kinematic viscosity, heating value and flash point, sulfur content and distillation tests for the desulfurized fuel named as low sulfur diesel-like fuel (LSDLF) are performed. Finally, the LSDLF and a commercial diesel fuel were used in a diesel test engine to examine their effects on engine performance and emission parameters. In each test, performance and emission parameters for the fuels were measured using the test engine and exhaust gas analyzer. The performance and emission test results indicated that torque, mean effective pressure and brake thermal efficiency for the LSDLF were slightly higher while brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust temperature and emissions of SO2, CO and NOx appeared to be lower than those of the commercial diesel fuel. It was concluded that the LSDLF could be used in diesel engine without any problems in terms of physico-chemical parameters, distillation and performance tests. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Experimental investigation of Gasoline-Like Fuel obtained from waste lubrication oil on engine performance and exhaust emission
    (Elsevier, 2010) Arpa, Orhan; Yumrutas, Recep
    Experimental investigation on engine performance and exhaust emission of a gasoline engine fueled by Gasoline-Like Fuel (GLF) was performed in this study. The GLF was obtained from waste lubrication oil (WLO) using the pyrolitic distillation method. Firstly, the WLO collected in a tank was particulates removed by a refining process. The refined lubrication oil samples were taken into a reactor and blended with calcium oxide (CaO) 2,4,6,8, and 10 wt.% to remove sulphur in the oil. The blended samples were heated in the reactor and then distilled to decrease sulphur and to produce fuel samples. Distillation tests and characteristics of the produced fuel such as density, flash point and lower heating value were examined. The experimental results indicated that the CaO at 2 wt.% had the highest effect on decreasing the amount of sulphur content in the lubrication oil. Fuels produced using 2 wt.% CaO were separated into two parts which were light fuel with 20 wt.% and heavy fuel with 60 wt.% of the total WLO. Remaining of the WLO is about 20 wt.%, which is rejected from the reactor. The light fuel, referred to as GLF and gasoline samples are used to investigate the effect of the GLF on performance and emissions of a 1300 cm(3) spark ignited engine manufactured by Fiat. The engine used in the study has specifications of four-stroke and four cylinders, water cooled, fueled with carburetor and naturally aspirated. Each cylinder has a bore of 76 mm and a stroke of 71.5 mm. The experimental results showed that the GLF had a positive effect on brake power, brake thermal efficiency, mean effective pressure and specific fuel consumption. The GLF also raised CO emission and exhaust temperature, but it decreased hydrocarbon (HC) in the exhaust. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Experimental investigation of the effects of diesel-like fuel obtained from waste lubrication oil on engine performance and exhaust emission
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2010) Arpa, Orhan; Yumrutas, Recep; Argunhan, Zeki
    In this study, effects of diesel-like fuel (DLF) on engine performance and exhaust emission are investigated experimentally. The DLF is produced from waste engine lubrication oil purified from dust, heavy carbon soot, metal particles, gum-type materials and other impurities. A fuel production system mainly consisting of a waste oil storage tank, filters, a reactor, oil pump, a product storage tank, thermostats and control panel is designed and manufactured. The DLF is produced by using the system and applying pyrolitic distillation method. Characteristics, performance and exhaust emissions tests of the produced DLF are carried out at the end of the production. The characteristic tests such as density, viscosity, flash point, heating value, sulfur content and distillation of the DLF sample are performed utilizing test equipments presented in motor laboratory of Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Gaziantep, Turkey. Performance and exhaust emission tests for the DLF are performed using diesel test engine. It is observed from the test results that about 60 cc out of each 100 cc of the waste oil are converted into the DLF. Characteristics and distillation temperatures of the DLF are close to those values of a typical diesel fuel sample. It is observed that the produced DLF can be used in diesel engines without any problem in terms of engine performance. The DLF increases torque, brake mean effective pressure, brake thermal efficiency and decreases brake specific fuel consumption of the engine for full power of operation. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Production of diesel-like fuel from waste engine oil by pyrolitic distillation
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2010) Arpa, Orhan; Yumrutas, Recep; Demirbas, Ayhan
    The aim of this study is to obtain diesel-like fuel from waste lubrication engine oils by pyrolitic distillation method, which can be used in diesel engines. With this aim in mind, waste engine oil is collected in a tank, and it is purified from contaminants such as dust, heavy carbon soot, metal particles, gum-type materials and other impurities by filtering in the process prepared earlier. To investigate effects of additives known as sodium carbonate (NaCO3), zeolite and lime (CaO) on density, viscosity, flash point, sulfur content, heating value and distillation temperature, the purified oil samples are blended separately with additives having mass basis of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The mixed samples are exposed to pyrolitic distillation process to produce fuels to be used in engines. Thermal and physical properties of the produced fuels such as density, flash point, viscosity, sulfur content, heating value and distillation temperatures are examined. From these results the CaO with a ratio of 2% has the highest effect on decreasing of sulfur content of the waste engine oil and on acquiring the most suitable distillation temperatures close to values of a diesel fuel. Diesel-like fuel (DLF) is obtained as 60% of the waste lubrication engine oil. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Theoretical and experimental investigation of total equivalent temperature difference (TETD) values for building walls and flat roofs in Turkey
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2009) Kaska, Oender; Yumrutas, Recep; Arpa, Orhan
    The aim of this study is to find time lag (TL), decrement factor (DF) and total equivalent temperature difference (TETD) values for multilayer walls and flat roofs of buildings using experimental and theoretical methods, and to compare the experimental results with theoretical ones. The TETD is a method for calculating cooling load due to heat gain from the walls or flat roofs, and it can be obtained using values of inside and outside air temperatures, solar radiation, TL and DF. The TL and DF depend on the highest and the lowest temperatures at the inner and outer surfaces of the walls or flat roofs, and the time periods involved in reaching these temperatures. Hence, two testing rooms each consisting of four multilayered walls and a flat roof, air conditioner, measuring elements are built to measure all required temperatures. The required temperatures, which are hourly inside and outside air temperatures, and surface temperatures of each structure layer, are measured in every minute during testing periods of the 2007 summer season of Gaziantep, Turkey. Hourly solar radiation values on the walls are computed using hourly measured solar radiation on a horizontal surface. The TL, DF and TETD values of eight different walls and two different flat roofs commonly used in Turkey are computed utilizing the measured temperature and solar radiation values. The computed values for the TI, DF and TETD are compared with theoretical results obtained numerically using periodic solution of one dimensional transient heat transfer problem for the same structures. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.