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    Chronic hepatitis B associated with hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, necroinflammation and fibrosis
    (Makerere Univ, Fac Med, 2015) Yilmaz, Bulent; Koklu, Seyfettin; Buyukbayram, Huseyin; Yalcin, Kendal; Korkmaz, Ugur; Posul, Emrah; Can, Guray
    Background: The effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on fatty liver disease is unclear.. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the viral and host causes of fatty liver in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. This study included 88 CHB patients of which 17 were not treated. Liver biopsy was performed in each patient. Group 1 included those with hepatic steatosis (n=28) and group 2 those without hepatic steatosis. The groups were compared in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), viral load, biochemical parameters and histological findings. Patients in group 1 were subdivided according to the degree of steatosis as follows: grade 1 (15 patients, 53.6%), grade 2 (6 patients, 21.4%), and grade 3 (7 patients, 25%). Results: In group 1 (n=28), mean age, BMI, cholesterol, and HOMA-IR were found to be significantly higher than in group 2 (n=60). There were no significant differences in the positivity of viral load, HbeAg, treatment, fibrosis and other laboratory parameters between the two groups. HOMA-IR was the only independent predictive factor of liver steatosis in patients with CHB in logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Hepatic steatosis in CHB patients was associated with host metabolic factors.
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    Polymorphisms in the IL28B gene (rs12979860, rs8099917) and the virological response to pegylated interferon therapy in hepatitis D virus patients
    (Univ Catholique Louvain-Ucl, 2016) Yilmaz, Bulent; Can, Guray; Ucmak, Feyzullah; Arslan, Ali Osman; Solmaz, Ihsan; Unlu, Ozan; Duzenli, Selma
    Aim : Few data are available regarding the effects of interleukin 28B (IL28B) polymorphisms in chronic hepatitis D (CHD) patients. This study investigated the relationship between IL28B polymorphisms and the response of patients with CHD infections to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) therapy. Materials and methods : A total of 101 CHD patients were selected, 80 of whom (46 males; median age 41 years) satisfied the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. Thirty-seven patients were treated with peg-IFNa for at least 12 months and were followed for a median of 18 months (range, 12-30 months). The primary treatment endpoint was the suppression of HDV replication, as documented by the loss of detectable HDV RNA in serum. Geno-typing was used to analyse the IL28B polymorphisms rs12979860 and rs8099917 according to the virological response. Results : After treatment, a sustained viral response (SVR) was achieved in 19 (51%) of the patients treated with PEG-INF. The IL28B genotypes in the 80 patients were as follows : CC in 36 (45%), CT in 33 (41%) and TT in 11 (14%) for rs12979860, and GG in 4 (5%), GT in 27 (34%) and TT in 49 (61%) for rs8099917. SVR was achieved in 5 (26%), 10 (53%) and 4 (21%) patients with CC, CT and TT at rs12979860, respectively, and one (5%), nine (47%) and nine (47%) patients with GG, GT and TT at rs8099917, respectively. There were differences in the SVR among genotypes (rs12979860 and rs8099917; chi-squared test, p = 0.047). Conclusion : IL28B predicts the PEG-IFN response in patients with CHD infection.