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Öğe Bioequivalence study of two long-acting oxytetracycline formulations in sheep(Springer, 2006) Ozdemir, N.; Yildirim, M.Two commercially available long-acting oxytetracycline hydrochloride formulations (Primamycin LA (Pfizer) and Terrallent 20% LA (I.E. Ulagay)) were administered by the intramuscular route to 20 clinically healthy sheep at a dose of 20 mg/kg. The study was performed in a two-period crossover design. Plasma samples were analysed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. The mean maximum concentrations (C-max) was 8.00 +/- 2.05 mu g/ml and 8.61 +/- 1.42 mu g/ml, respectively. The mean area under the concentration time curve (AUC) values were 154.95 +/- 50.37 (mu g h)/ml and 161.70 +/- 47.02 (mu g h)/ml, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of C-max and AUC values for the test and reference product are within the interval 70-143% for C-max and interval 80-125% for AUC proposed by EMEA. It was concluded that Primamycin LA and Terralent 20% LA formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of drug absorbtion.Öğe Complications of chronic suppurative otitis media: a retrospective review(Springer, 2013) Yorgancilar, E.; Yildirim, M.; Gun, R.; Bakir, S.; Tekin, R.; Gocmez, C.; Meric, F.The purpose of this study was to review our patients with complications of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and compare with literature. This retrospective study was performed over 10 years in our tertiary referral university hospital. During this period 4,630 patients with CSOM were admitted to the department and 906 patients underwent a surgery. From the records of the 4,630 patients, 121 patients (2.6%) with complications were identified. Of the 906 CSOM patients that underwent a surgery, 511 had cholesteatoma, and 395 had granulation and/or polyp tissue. Ninety-four of 511 (18.4%) patients with cholesteatoma and 27 of 395 (6.8%) patients with granulation and/or polyp tissue had a complication. Of the 121 complicated CSOM patients, 57 extracranial (47.1%) and 37 intracranial (30.6%). Multiple combined complications were occurred in 27 (22.3%) patients. The mastoid abscess was the commonest extracranial complication (28.3%); it was followed by labyrinthitis (9%), facial nerve paralysis (8.4%), and Bezold's abscess (1.3%). The most common intracranial complication was lateral sinus thrombophlebitis (19.5%), followed by perisigmoid sinus abscess (13.5%), meningitis (9%), brain abscess (6.5%), and extradural abscess (4.5%). Most frequent intraoperative finding of complicated CSOM patients was cholesteatoma, with the exception of patients with facial nerve paralysis. There was no mortality in any of our patients. The additional morbidities were recorded in 25 patients (20.6%). In this study, we emphasize the importance of an accurate and early diagnosis, followed by adequate surgical therapy and a multidisciplinary approach.Öğe Determination of trigeminocardiac reflex during rhinoplasty(Churchill Livingstone, 2012) Yorgancilar, E.; Gun, R.; Yildirim, M.; Bakir, S.; Akkus, Z.; Topcu, I.In most rhinoplasty procedures, osteotomies are usually required. The osteotomy areas are innervated by sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is clinically defined as the sudden onset of parasympathetic activity during stimulation of the trigeminal nerve. When an osteotomy is performed or external pressure is applied over the nasal bone, the infraorbital nerve may send signals via this nerve. The aim of this prospective study is to determine the blood pressure changes and occurrence of TCR during rhinoplasty. one hundred and eight patients were enrolled into the study. Lidocaine and adrenaline combination (LAC) was injected only into the left lateral osteotomy sites. All patients underwent median, right-side, then left-side lateral osteotomies and nasal pyramid infracture. The haemodynamic changes were recorded. A 10% or more decrease in the heart rate from baseline was considered a TCR. TCR was detected in nine patients following lateral osteotomies and nasal pyramid infracture procedures (8.3%). The authors determined that LAC injection prior to osteotomy did not prevent TCR. Manipulation at or near the infraorbital nerve during rhinoplasty may cause TCR, even if local anaesthetic infiltration is used.Öğe Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate and benzydamine hydrochloride mouth spray on clinical signs and quality of life of patients with streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis: multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study(Cambridge Univ Press, 2011) Cingi, C.; Songu, M.; Ural, A.; Erdogmus, N.; Yildirim, M.; Cakli, H.; Bal, C.Objective: To assess the effect of chlorhexidine gluconate and benzydamine hydrochloride mouth spray, used in conjunction with antibiotic treatment, on the intensity of clinical signs and quality of life of patients with group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. Methods: Patients (n = 147) with streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis were recruited and randomly allocated to either the treatment group (penicillin plus chlorhexidine and benzydamine; n = 72) or control group (penicillin plus placebo; n = 75). Blinded assessments were conducted before and after 10 days' treatment, using an intensity rating scale for clinical sign severity, a visual analogue scale for subjective health state, the Short Form 36 Health Questionnaire for quality of life, and a customised questionnaire for side effects. Results: The treatment group showed a statistically significant reduction in the intensity of clinical signs, compared with the control group. On treatment day 7, there was no significant difference in quality of life between the treatment and control groups. The treatment drugs were well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were observed. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine gluconate and benzydamine hydrochloride mouth spray, added to standard antibiotic treatment, significantly alleviate the intensity of clinical signs in patients with streptococcal pharyngitis. Further research is needed using larger sample sizes or alternative control groups.Öğe The effects of adrenomedullin and methyl-adrenomedullin treatments on TNF-alpha levels in some rat tissues(Blackwell Publishing, 2008) Yildirim, N. Cikcikoglu; Yurekli, M.; Yildirim, M.; Matpan, F.[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Effects of lidocaine and adrenaline combination on postoperative edema and ecchymosis in rhinoplasty(Churchill Livingstone, 2011) Gun, R.; Yorgancilar, E.; Yildirim, M.; Bakir, S.; Topcu, I.; Akkus, Z.Nasal osteotomies are the most important cause of periorbital edema and ecchymosis. Injection of lidocaine and adrenaline is recommended to reduce bleeding. Whilst the lidocaine and adrenaline combination (LAC) is claimed to reduce postoperative ecchymosis and edema, this effect remains to be proven conclusively. This study, on 48 patients, was designed to investigate the effects of LAC injection on postoperative edema/ecchymosis in rhinoplasty. LAC was applied at a random side prior to the lateral osteotomy. The opposite side was used as a control. The relationship between edema/ecchymosis and the degree of LAC on the injected and uninjected sides was evaluated on the first, third and seventh day, postoperatively. The relationships between edema and ecchymosis with operation time and intraoperative systolic blood pressure were also evaluated. Bleeding was reduced on the side treated with LAC (p = 0.050). The degrees of edema/ecchymosis increased with increases in the duration of operation and the systolic blood pressure on the first postoperative day for the LAC-applied side (p < 0.05). This correlation was not observed on the opposite side (p > 0.05). Application of LAC reduces bleeding during rhinoplasty and pain control postoperatively but reduced edema and ecchymosis should not be expected following LAC application.Öğe Evaluation of ecological design strategies in traditional houses in Diyarbakir, Turkey(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2011) Baran, M.; Yildirim, M.; Yilmaz, A.This study focuses on the ecological design between traditional Diyarbakir houses and their physical environment (topography and climate) and structural environment (building form, spatial organization, material, landscape and planting, and technical infrastructure). The basic principle was to identify the criteria that would use natural energy sources and provide the most benefit to the inhabitants. The influence of different seasons on thermal perception was investigated. The average temperature differences between the outdoor and indoor environment of the houses were 7 degrees C in winter, 6 degrees C in summer and +/-2 degrees C in spring and autumn. Consequently, this paper discusses ecological design solutions used in traditional houses and their applicability to modern buildings and recognizes that architecture should coexist and maintain harmony with nature. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe EXPRESSION OF NITROGEN TRANSPORTER GENES IN WHEAT LEAVES ( Triticum aestivum L.) AND FIELD PERFORMANCES UNDER ORGANIC CONDITIONS(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2024) Bayhan, M.; Ozkan, R.; Yildirim, M.; Inal, B.This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of nitrogen transporter genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in organic farming systems. Expression profiling of these genes will provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in nitrogen uptake and transport in wheat plants. In addition, the agronomic responses of the wheat genotypes were evaluated under organic conditions. This will help in the creation of genotypes that support effective nitrogen use in organic farming systems. The study showed that the nitrate transporter gene family member TaNRT2.1 exhibited the highest expression level. The Alada cultivar performed well in terms of yield under field conditions and showed the highest expression levels of TaNRT2.1, NRT2.1, and TaGS1. The 6DZT-03-01 genotype had the highest expression levels of NPF6.3 and AMT2.1. Alada, YE-4, and YE-31 were identified as the most suitable genotypes for organic farming. Several genes, including TaNRT2.1, were more highly expressed in the high-yielding genotype, Alada, than in the other genotypes. This suggested that nitrate and ammonium transporters play an important role in determining how different genotypes of wheat take in nitrogen. Further research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms that contribute to genotypic variation in nitrogen uptake in wheat. To fully understand the genetic basis of nitrogen uptake in wheat and to develop ways to improve nutrient management in organic farming systems, the expression levels of other genes involved in nitrogen metabolism should also be examined.Öğe Reciprocal effects in anther cultures of wheat hybrids(Acad Sciences Czech Republic, Inst Experimental Botany, 2008) Yildirim, M.; Bahar, B.; Genc, I.; Hatipoglu, R.; Altintas, S.This study was conducted to determine the reciprocal effects for anther culture response in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using a set of 4 x 4 full diallel crosses. Both reciprocal and nuclear genetic effects were highly significant for anther culture response and useful for selection and breeding purposes. General combining ability (GCA) effects were predominant for all investigated anther culture traits. Also, significant differences for specific combining ability (SCA) effects were detected between reciprocal crosses. Although significant reciprocal differences for responding anther, callus number and green plant regeneration were recorded in some reciprocal crosses, there were no significant reciprocal differences for albino plant regeneration. The use of one parent as male or female could lead to change at the production of green plants from the F-1 hybrids and screening of inbred lines for response to anther culture, without reciprocal effects, could decrease the utilization of breeding material.Öğe The reconstruction of thyroid cartilage defect due to penetrating laryngeal trauma using a autogenous septal cartilage graft(Galenos Yayincilik, 2011) Yorgancilar, E.; Yildirim, M.; Gun, R.; Bakir, S.; Topcu, I.Laryngeal trauma is a rare but potentially lethal injuries. Depending on the amount of force and the degree of ossification of the larynx, this may result in a variety of injury patterns. These injuries may range from simple cartilaginous fracture of thyroid cartilage with cartilaginous displacement, cartilaginous defect, endolaryngeal disruption, or laryngotracheal separation. The clinician should have a high suspicion for laryngeal injury in any patient who has neck trauma. When evaluating the patient with suspected laryngeal trauma, the stability of the airway must first be established. Management of laryngeal trauma may include medical or surgical treatment. In surgical treatment, correction of loss of skeletal support may be performed with alloplastic stents, miniplate and screw fixation and autogenous cartilage grafts. In this report we presented a case of thyroid cartilage defect due to penetrating laryngeal trauma who reconstructed by autogenous septal cartilage graft.Öğe REVEAL BY BIOTECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT TO THE BILATERAL NONFUNCTIONAL SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS IN ECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Yildirim, M.; Oktay, M. F.; Ozmen, C.; Yavuz, I.; Topcu, I.We reported a different presentation of ectodermal dysplasia in which bilateral submandibulary glands were nonfunctional. We also reviewed the literature about the ectodermal dysplasia and related submandibular gland abnormalities. In this case report a 22-years-old female with ectodermal dysplasia is presented, complaining of dryness of her mouth, difficulty of chewing, dysphagia and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Further investigations consisted of an ultrasound scan fit and small size submandibular salivary glands. Computed tomography confirmed that showed normal left and right parotid glands and small that both submandibular glands were hypoblastic. A 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy showed normal uptake in the parotid glands. However, no functioning submandibular, glands were shown. Although the submandibular gland abnormalities can be rarely seen in ectodermal dysplasia, to our knowledge, this is the first report which presents nonfunctioning submandibular glands in an ectodermal dysplasia case.Öğe Schwannoma of the nasal tip: case report and short review of literature(Galenos Yayincilik, 2009) Yildirim, M.; Yorgancilar, E.; Bulut, F.; Meric, F.; Topcu, I.A case of nasal tip Schwannoma is presented in this paper. Schwannoma is usually a benign neoplasm which is composed of Schwann cells. A 14-year-old boy had suffered from progressive swelling of the nasal tip over 4 months. Computed tomography showed a large soft tissue density in the nasal tip. The mass was resected using an external rhinoplasty approach, and the pathologic diagnosis was Schwannoma. Here, we present this case and discuss the clinical and pathological aspects of Schwannoma arising in the nasal tip.Öğe Temporal bone erosion in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media(Royal Belgian Soc Ear, Nose, Throat, Head & Neck Surgery, 2013) Yorgancilar, E.; Akkus, Z.; Gun, R.; Yildirim, M.; Bakir, S.; Kinis, V.; Meric, F.Temporal bone erosion in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Objectives: To analyse temporal bone erosion sites (including scutum, labyrinth, facial canal, mastoid tegmen, posterior fossa dural plate and sigmoid sinus plate) in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Methodology: Retrospective case review in a tertiary referral centre. Medical records were reviewed from 905 patients (121 complicated; 784 non-complicated) who received a mastoidectomy as a minimum intervention for the treatment of CS OM. Results: All types of temporal bone erosion were found to be more frequent in patients with complicated CSOM. Erosion in the scutum, mastoid tegmen, posterior fossa dural plate and labyrinth was observed significantly more frequently in complicated-CSOM patients with a cholesteatoma. Granulation/polyp tissue invaded the sigmoid sinus and facial canal at a rate similar to cholesteatoma. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that bone erosion is more frequent in complicated-CSOM patients. Temporal bone erosion can be seen in both cholesteatomatous and non-cholesteatomatous CSOM patients. Granulation/polyp tissue was as important as cholesteatoma in the erosion of the facial canal and sigmoid sinus plate.
