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Öğe Comparison of Total Phenolic Content and Total Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils of Male and Female Pistacia lentiscus L.(Springer, 2016) Izol, L. Ebubekir; Suzerer, Veysel; Yigitkan, Serkan; Tilkat, Engin; Ertas, Abdulselam; Asan, Hilal Surmus; Onay, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Comprehensive study of chemical composition and biological activity of Thymus pubescens Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak(Elsevier, 2022) Yigitkan, Serkan; Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yener, Ismail; Seker, Zeki; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Firat, Mehmet; Kavak, Deniz EvrimThe use of Thymus species amongst the public and their importance in the scientific world is increasing day by day. In addition to being consumed as tea and spice, Thymus species are used as folk medicine for respiratory, digestive, skin, circulatory, genital, nervous, visual and urinary diseases. In this study, it was aimed to examine the essential oil and ethanol extract of the root and aerial parts of Thymus pubescens Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak in the terms of their biological activity and chemical content. The phenolic content of the species was determined by LC-MS/MS, while triterpenoid content, the chemical composition of the essential oil as well as flavour was determined by GC-MS. In addition, their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, as well as acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), urease, tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, HMG-CoA reductase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were studied. Thymol (53.33%) was determined as the major component in the essential oil, while b-fenchyl alcohol (43.87%) was determined as the major component of the flavour. According to the LC-MS/MS and GC-MS results, it was found that especially the aerial parts of the species have a high amount of rosmarinic acid (3875.76 mg analyte/g extract), quinic acid (2392.55), naringenin (970.39), oleanolic (92785.96) and ursolic (63373.32) acids. The essential oil of T. pubescens species was observed to show high activity in four antioxidant assays, e.g. inhibition of lipid peroxidation, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity as well as CUPRAC, while the ethanol extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity. In enzyme inhibition assays, the aerial parts exerted marked BChE, elastase, and collagenase inhibitory activities (92.43 +/- 1.28%, 42.59 +/- 0.56, and 48.61 +/- 0.39 at 100 mg/mL, respectively). On the other hand, AChE, urease, tyrosinase, HMG-CoA reductase and ACE inhibitory activities of all extracts were from low to moderate levels. In particular, the aerial parts of the species displayed a high cytotoxic effect (vitality%: 6.82 +/- 0.01 at 200 mg/mL) in breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. Due to its remarkable antioxidant capacity, high content of rosmarinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids and especially BChE, elastase, and collagenase inhibitory activity, T. pubescens has the potential for using in food supplements, food preservatives, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.(c) 2022 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe The Detailed Chemical and Biological Analysis of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. Species Growing in Cultural and Natural Environments(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2024) Cavusoglu, Mehmet; Yigitkan, Serkan; Yener, Ismail; Caglayan, Mehmet Veysi; Resitoglu, Baris; Akdeniz, Mehmet; Kaya, Eda C. A. V. U. S.The Lamiaceae family is an important resource for the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and perfumery sectors. The species Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, has been used in folk medicine since ancient times. The aim of the present study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant, cytotoxic and enzyme (AChE, BChE, tyrosinase, urease, elastase, collagenase and ACE) inhibition activities of ethanol extracts of the aerial parts of natural and cultivated samples of the species Z. clinopodioides. In addition, the aroma contents of the species were determined by GC-MS/FID, and the phytochemical composition of the ethanol extracts was determined by LC-MS/MS. According to the aroma analysis results, the major components of the culture sample of the Z. clinopodioides species were determined as pulegone (39.83%), cis- menthone (21.36%), trans-menthone (16.64%), while the major components of the natural sample were determined as pulegone (62.42%), neoisomenthol (5.93%) and cis-pulegone oxide (5.47%). According to LC-MS/MS results, quinic acid (25.841, 15.694 mg analyte g-1 extract, respectively), rosmarinic acid (6.804, 25.523), and acacetin (6.115, 10.764) were detected as major compounds in cultured and natural samples of the species. Also, hesperidin (5.725) was higher in culture sample. According to the enzyme activity results, it was determined that cultured and natural samples of the species showed moderate butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition activity (inhibition %: 45.14 +/- 1.40; 43.57 +/- 0.73, respectively). In urease enzyme inhibition activity, it was determined that culture sample showed moderate activity (inhibition %: 43.64 +/- 0.39) but natural sample did not show activity, and culture sample showed high antihypertensive activity (inhibition %: 81.6 +/- 1.19). When the results were evaluated in general, it was determined that the cultured sample of the species showed higher antioxidant, butyrylcholinesterase, urease, and antihypertensive activity compared to natural sample.Öğe Determination of essential oil and biological activities of Hypericum ternatum Poulter and H. scabrum L. species collected from different localities: is H. scabrum an alternative to multifunctional species ST JOHN'S WORT (H. perforatum)?(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yener, Ismail; Irtegun Kandemir, Sevgi; Ozhan Kocakaya, Safak; Firat, Mehmet; Yigitkan, Serkan; Hasimi, NesrinThe importance of Hypericum L. species, being used in traditional medicine, in the scientific world is increasing day by day. Hypericum species are plants that have been used in the treatment of many diseases for a long time and have healing properties. In the current study, the essential oil compositions of Hypericum scabrum L. and H. ternatum Poulter collected from different localities in Turkey were determined by GC-MS/FID. In addition, their antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities with their enzyme inhibitory potentials (cholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase) were investigated. Also, in vitro and in silico studies of the major components of the species have been carried out on the studied enzymes. It was determined that four H. scabrum samples mainly contained alpha-pinene (55.99%-62.80%) while three H. ternatum samples contained 2-methyloctane (9.45%-22.39%) and alpha-pinene (12.75%-33.08%). While H. scabrum essential oils possessed significant biological activity potential except for the antimicrobial activity, H. ternatum samples did not. All essential oil samples of H. scabrum exhibited a high cytotoxic effect (IC50 21.67 +/- 0.34 to 34.67 +/- 0 .45 mu g/mL) against colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and indicated higher acetyl-(Inhibiton% 83.30 +/- 1.90 to 93.08 +/- 1.04) and butyryl-cholinesterase (Inhibiton% 80.58 +/- 1.19 to 93.28 +/- 1.99) inhibitory activity than the standard compound, galantamine. Furthermore, all samples of H. scabrum showed high tyrosinase (Inhibiton% 69.00 +/- 1.64 to 95.25 +/- 1.42) and elastase (Inhibiton% 27.58 +/- 0.34 to 36.69 +/- 0.18) inhibitory effects. These biological activity results indicated that H. scabrum essential oil could be used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.Öğe Essential oil content, in-vitro and in-silico activities of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra, H. empetrifolium subsp. empetrifolium Willd., and H. pruinatum Boiss. & Balansa species(Istanbul Univ, Fac Pharmacy, 2023) Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yener, Ismail; Kocakaya, Safak Ozhan; Yolcu, Murat; Yigitkan, Serkan; Aydin, Firat; Turkmenoglu, Fatma PinarBackground and Aims: The importance of Hypericum species that are used traditionally against many diseases is increasing day by day.Methods: In this study, the essential oil contents of Hypericum triquetrifolium, H. empetrifolium subsp. empetrifolium, and H. pruinatum species were determined with GC-MS/ FID. This is the first study on the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, anti-urease, antityrosinase, antielastase, and anticollagenase activities of these species. Also, in silico and in vitro enzyme in-hibitory activities of the major compounds in the essential oil samples of the species have been evaluated. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of the essential oils were determined by the MTT method.Results: According to GC-MS/ FID results, the major compounds were determined as caryophyllene oxide (16.76%) for H. triquetrifolium, alpha-pinene (21.67%) for H. empetrifolium subsp. empetrifolium, and germacrene D (22.47%) for H. pruinatum. Especially, H. pruinatum sample showed a high cytotoxic effect (IC50: 34.78 +/- 0.22 and 29.06 +/- 0.40 mu g/mL, respectively) on HT -29 and MCF-7 cell lines. It was determined that the same sample showed a promising inhibitory activity on acetyl (18.33 +/- 2.79, 36.48 +/- 2.40, and 56.97 +/- 0.94, respectively) and butyryl (71.63 +/- 2.78, 73.88 +/- 1.16, and 56.97 +/- 0.97, respectively) cholinesterase enzymes.Conclusion: Results of the in-vitro activity studies indicated that H. pruinatum essential oil could be used in the pharmaceuti-cal industry.Öğe Essential oil contents of Hypericum linarioides , H. helianthemoides, and H. lydium with their biological activities: Importance of Hypericum genus in the cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries(Springer, 2023) Akdeniz, Mehmet; Yener, İsmail; Ertaş, Abdülselam; Dincel, Demet; Fırat, Mehmet; Kocakaya, Şafak Özhan; Yigitkan, Serkan; Türkmenoğlu, Fatma Pınar; Aydın, Fırat; Kolak, UfukIn the literature, more than 3000 studies have been carried out on species in the Hypericum genus in the last ten years, especially for H. perforatum. The importance of Hypericum species in traditional medicine and modern medicine is increasing day by day. From this point of view, the chemical composition of H. linarioides, H. helianthemoides, and H. lydium essential oils was analyzed by GC-MS/FID. In addition, their antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities along with their enzyme inhibitory potentials (cholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase and, collagenase) were defined. Also, in vitro and in silico studies of the major components of the species have been carried out on the studied enzymes. H. linarioides and H. helianthemoides were found to be rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons (63.96% and 43.86%, respectively), and H. lydium in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (48.41%). The major components were indicated as α-pinene for H. linarioides (50.39%) and for H. helianthemoides (36.84%), and β-selinene for H. lydium (10.12%). H. lydium essential oil exhibited very high cytotoxic activity on breast cancer (MCF-7) (selectivity indices SI: 12) and colon cancer (HT-29) (SI: 2) cell lines. In particular, the selectivity indice value in MCF-7 cell lines of H. lydium could have natural therapeutic potential for breast cancer. H. lydium possessed neuropharmacological potential due to its high anticholinesterase activity. Since H. linarioides indicated high anti-aging potential (tyrosinase, elastase, and collagenase enzyme inhibitory activities), it could be used in the cosmetic industry.Öğe A Focused review on cognitive improvement by the genus Salvia L. (Sage)-from ethnopharmacology to clinical evidence(Mdpi, 2023) Ertas, Abdulselam; Yigitkan, Serkan; Orhan, Ilkay ErdoganEthnopharmacology has been an important starting point in medical and pharmaceutical sciences for discovering drug candidates from natural sources. In this regard, the genus Salvia L., commonly known as sage, is one of the best-known medicinal and aromatic plants of the Lamiaceae family; it has been recorded as being used for memory enhancement in European folk medicine. Despite the various uses of sage in folk medicines, the records that have pointed out sage's memory-enhancing properties have paved the way for the aforementioned effect to be proven on scientific grounds. There are many preclinical studies and excellent reviews referring to the favorable effect of different species of sage against the cognitive dysfunction that is related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hence, the current review discusses clinical studies that provide evidence for the effect of Salvia species on cognitive dysfunction. Clinical studies have shown that some Salvia species, i.e., hydroalcoholic extracts and essential oils of S. officinalis L. and S. lavandulaefolia leaves in particular, have been the most prominently effective species in patients with mild to moderate AD, and these species have shown positive effects on the memory of young and healthy people. However, the numbers of subjects in the studies were small, and standardized extracts were not used for the most part. Our review points out to the need for longer-term clinical studies with higher numbers of subjects being administered standardized sage preparations.Öğe LC-MS/MS Analysis and Biological Activities of Different Parts of Ziziphora capitata L.(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2024) Yigitkan, Serkan; Cavusoglu, Mehmet; Caglayan, Mehmet Veysi; Yener, Ismail; Firat, Mehmet; Cavus Kaya, Eda; Yilmaz, Mustafa AbdulahThe Ziziphora species, classified under the Lamiaceae family, have a strong aromatic property. Ziziphora species have been used in folk medicine as sedative, gastric, aphrodisiac, bloating, and degassing. In the current study, the phenolic and flavanoid content of ethanol extracts of Ziziphora capitata L. species of flower, leaf, branch, mixed, and root parts was determined by the LC-MS/MS device. In addition, the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the extracts, as well as their inhibitory effects on enzymes (antihypertensive, AchE (acetylcholinesterase), BchE ( butyrylcholinesterase), elastase, tyrosinase, collagenase and urease), were determined. The LC-MS/MS results showed that quinic acid (25578, 5842, 25171, 14055, 10597 mu g g-1, respectively) was found in higher amounts in flower, leaf, branch, mixed, and root extracts of Z. capitata species compared to other components. Additionally, rosmarinic acid (17097 mu g g-1), cynaroside (8432), and hesperidin (8067) were found to be major components. It was observed that the flower extract of the species exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC50: 37.18 +/- 1.36 mu g mL-1, 9.89 +/- 0.45, A0.5:16.27 +/- 0.02, respectively) in DPPH, ABTS and CUPRAC methods. It was concluded that the leaf extract of Z. capitata species had a strong cytotoxic effect on HT-29 (colon cancer cell line) (viability %: 9.26 +/- 0.69). It was observed that the root part of the species exhibited higher activity in butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme inhibition activity (inhibition %: 40.56 +/- 0.88) than other parts. It was determined that Z. capitata extracts did not show acetylcholinesterase, urease, tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, and antihypertensive enzyme activity or showed low activity. As a result, it is thought that the flower extract of the Z. capitata species has better results in terms of the examined parameters, whereas the leaf extract needs to be subjected to more detailed in vitro and in vivo research conducted to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as a result of its cytotoxic effect against colon cancer cell lines.Öğe The Natural Products as Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coa Reductase Inhibitors(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2019) Gulcan, Hayrettin Ozan; Yigitkan, Serkan; Orhan, Ilkay ErdoganHigh cholesterol and triglyceride levels are mainly related to further generation of life-threating metabolism disorders including cardiovascular system diseases. Therefore, hypercholesterolemia (i.e., also referred to as hyperlipoproteinemia) is a serious disease state, which must be controlled. Currently, the treatment of hypercholesterolemia is mainly achieved through the employment of statins in the clinic, although there are alternative drugs (e.g., ezetimibe, cholestyramine). In fact, the original statins are natural products directly obtained from fungi-like molds and mushrooms and they are potent inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase, the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. This review focuses on the first identification of natural statins, their synthetic and semi-synthetic analogues, and the validation of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase as a target in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, other natural products that have been shown to possess the potential to inhibit hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase are also reviewed with respect to their chemical structures.Öğe Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanol Extracts from Different Parts of Lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.) by LC-MS/MS(Springer, 2017) Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Tilkat, Engin; Ertas, Abdulselam; Asan, Hilal Surmus; Suzerer, Veysel; Yigitkan, Serkan; Onay, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]
