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    Effects of rosiglitazone on serum paraoxonase activity and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    (Assoc Bras Divulg Cientifica, 2013) Atamer, Y.; Atamer, A.; Can, A. S.; Hekimoglu, A.; Ilhan, N.; Yenice, N.; Kocyigit, Y.
    Human serum paraoxonase contributes to the anti-atherogenic effect of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and has been shown to protect both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL-C against lipid peroxidation. We investigated the effects of rosiglitazone on paraoxonase activity and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [50 patients (30 males, 20 females); mean +/- SD age: 58.7 +/- 9.2 years, body mass index: 28.2 +/- 4.1 kg/m(2)], in whom glucose control could not be achieved despite treatment with metformin, sulphonylurea, and/or insulin. The patients were given 4 mg/day rosiglitazone for 3 months in addition to their usual treatment. Serum paraoxonase activity, malondialdehyde, homocysteine, and lipid profile were measured at the time of initiation and at the end of therapy with rosiglitazone. After rosiglitazone therapy, serum levels of HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-1, and paraoxonase activity increased significantly (P<0.05) and malondialdehyde, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and glucose levels decreased significantly (P<0.05), but no significant changes in levels of total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were observed. Triglyceride levels also increased significantly (P<0.05). Rosiglitazone treatment led to an improvement in glycemic control and to an increase in paraoxonase activity and HDL-C levels. Although rosiglitazone showed favorable effects on oxidant/antioxidant balance and lipid profile, further studies are needed to determine the effect of rosiglitazone on cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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    The importance of paraoxonase 1 activity, nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation in hepatosteatosis
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2008) Atamer, A.; Bilici, A.; Yenice, N.; Selek, S.; Ilhan, N.; Atamer, Y.
    This study evaluated the changes in oxidative status in hepatosteatosis patients in terms of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO) and paraoxonase I (PON1) activity. A total of 49 patients with hepatosteatosis (29 males and 20 females, mean age 47.2 +/- 3.6 years) and 25 healthy subjects (IS males and 10 females, mean age 46.1 +/- 3.2 years) were enrolled in the study. Serum PON1 was measured spectrophotometrically, malondialdehyde (MDA), an end-product of lipid peroxidation, was determined using the thiobarbituric acid method., and NO was assessed using the Griess reaction. Lipid and other biochemical parameters were determined by routine laboratory methods. PON1 activity and NO levels were significantly decreased and MDA levels significantly increased in hepatosteatosis patients compared with healthy subjects. PON1 activity was correlated with MDA level and NO level. In conclusion, oxidative stress seems significantly to suppress PON1 synthesis in hepatosteatosis patients. In addition, oxidative stress and oxidant-antioxidant imbalance may be part of the cytotoxic mechanisms leading to liver cell injury.