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    Effect of 2100 MHz mobile phone radiation on healing of mandibular fractures: an experimental study in rabbits
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Durgun, Mustafa; Dasdag, Suleyman; Erbatur, Serkan; Yegin, Korkut; Durgun, Suna Ogucu; Uzun, Cosar; Ogucu, Golge
    Fractures in the maxillofacial region are among the most frequent incidences in patients exposed to trauma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2100MHz electromagnetic radiation on the healing of mandibular fractures in rabbits. The study was carried out on 12 mature male New Zealand rabbits. After producing a left mandibular osteotomy, the fracture was repaired by using a plate screw. The rabbits were divided into two groups - control and experimental. The experimental group was exposed for 3h daily to a 2100MHz radiofrequency (RF) for 28 d. Biomechanical, histopathological and radiological tests were performed during the healing of the mandibular bone. According to the biomechanical tests, the energy absorption capacity, toughness and maximum strength of the mandibular bone were increased compared to the control group (6.84vs. 2.57, 0.135vs. 0.041 and 22.21vs. 10.32, respectively). No significant differences between the two groups were found during the radiological assessment. However, the histopathological examination revealed that the fracture healing score was higher in the experimental group when compared to the control group (8.0vs. 2.75, respectively). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that a 2100MHz RF radiation positively affected fracture healing.
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    Effect of 900-, 1800-, and 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation on DNA and oxidative stress in brain
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2019) Alkis, Mehmet Esref; Bilgin, Hakki Murat; Akpolat, Veysi; Dasdag, Suleyman; Yegin, Korkut; Yavas, Mehmet Cihan; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf
    Ubiquitous and ever increasing use of mobile phones led to the growing concern about the effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted by cell phones on biological systems. The aim of this study is to explore whether long-term RFR exposure at different frequencies affects DNA damage and oxidant-antioxidant parameters in the blood and brain tissue of rats. 28 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 7). They were identified as Group 1: sham-control, Group 2: 900 MHz, Group 3: 1800 MHz, and Group 4: 2100 MHz. Experimental groups of rats were exposed to RFR 2 h/day for 6 months. The sham-control group of rats was subjected to the same experimental condition but generator was turned off. Specific absorption rates (SARs) at brain with 1 g average were calculated as 0.0845 W/kg, 0.04563 W/kg, and 0.03957, at 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2100 MHz, respectively. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) analyses were conducted in the brain tissue samples. Results of the study showed that DNA damage and oxidative stress indicators were found higher in the RFR exposure groups than in the sham-control group. In conclusion, 900-, 1800-, and 2100-MHz RFR emitted from mobile phones may cause oxidative damage, induce increase in lipid peroxidation, and increase oxidative DNA damage formation in the frontal lobe of the rat brain tissues. Furthermore, 2100-MHz RFR may cause formation of DNA single-strand breaks.
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    Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2015) Dasdag, Suleyman; Tas, Muzaffer; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Yegin, Korkut
    The aim of this study was to investigate long-term effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted from a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system on testes. The study was carried out on 16 Wistar Albino adult male rats by dividing them into two groups such as sham (n: 8) and exposure (n: 8). Rats in the exposure group were exposed to 2.4 GHz RFR radiation for 24 h/d during 12 months (1 year). The same procedure was applied to the rats in the sham control group except the Wi-Fi system was turned off. Immediately after the last exposure, rats were sacrificed and reproductive organs were removed. Motility (%), concentration (x 10(6) /mL), tail defects (%), head defects (%) and total morphologic defects (%) of sperms and weight of testes (g), left epididymis (g), prostate (g), seminal vesicles (g) were determined. Seminiferous tubules diameter (mm) and tunica albuginea thickness (mm) were also measured. However, the results were evaluated by using Johnsen's score. Head defects increased in the exposure group (p<0.05) while weight of the epididymis and seminal vesicles, seminiferous tubules diameter and tunica albuginea thickness were decreased in the exposure group (p<0.01, p<0.001, p<0.0001). However, other alterations of other parameters were not found significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, we observed that long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz RF emitted from Wi-Fi (2420 mu W/kg, 1 g average) affects some of the reproductive parameters of male rats. We suggest Wi-Fi users to avoid long-term exposure of RF emissions from Wi-Fi equipment.
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    Long-term effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phone on testicular tissue and epididymal semen quality
    (Informa Healthcare, 2014) Tas, Muzaffer; Dasdag, Suleyman; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Cirit, Umut; Yegin, Korkut; Seker, Ugur; Ozmen, Mehmet Ferit
    The purpose of this study is to bridge this gap by investigating effects of long term 900 MHz mobile phone exposure on reproductive organs of male rats. The study was carried out on 14 adult Wistar Albino rats by dividing them randomly into two groups (n: 7) as sham group and exposure group. Rats were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency (RF) radiation emitted from a GSM signal generator. Point, 1 g and 10 g specific absorption rate (SAR) levels of testis and prostate were found as 0.0623 W/kg, 0.0445 W/kg and 0.0373 W/kg, respectively. The rats in the exposure group were subject to RF radiation 3 h per day (7 d a week) for one year. For the sham group, the same procedure was applied, except the generator was turned off. At the end of the study, epididymal sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility, abnormal sperm rate, all-genital organs weights and testis histopathology were evaluated. Any differences were not observed in sperm motility and concentration (p>0.05). However, the morphologically normal spermatozoa rates were found higher in the exposure group (p<0.05). Although histological examination showed similarity in the seminiferous tubules diameters in both groups, tunica albuginea thickness and the Johnsen testicular biopsy score were found lower in the exposure group (p<0.05, p<0.0001). In conclusion, we claim that long-term exposure of 900 MHz RF radiation alter some reproductive parameters. However, more supporting evidence and research is definitely needed on this topic.