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    Brucellosis Seroprevalance on Goats, Sheep, Cows and Man who are under Risk in Diyarbakir Region
    (Medwell Online, 2012) Arserim, N. B.; Ozekinci, T.; Ceylan, A.; Tel, O. Y.; Keskin, O.; Vural, A.
    The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in sheep, goats, cows and human who are at risk in Diyarbakir region. From ten locations obtained in Diyarbakir, blood samples were collected from sheep, goats and cows belonging to different herds and man who are at risk between 2007 and 2009 years. The blood samples were tested using the Microagglutination (MAT) technique. Seropositivity by using MAT technique on the collected blood samples were positive on 60 (35.2%) of 170 sera taken from the veterinarian, slaughterhouse staff, butchers and growers. Also the positivity rates were 20 (2.9%) of 680, 5 (0.7%) of 725 and 25 (4.3%) of 575 for sera samples taken from cows, sheep and goats, respectively. Consequently, seropositivity is obtained high for animals and individuals who are under risk according to the other regions in Turkey. It is considered that brucellosis can be decreased by informing the individuals who are under risk about the infection of this illness and the works about this subject.
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    Effect of gamma irradiation on microbiological and physico-chemical quality of meatballs
    (Polish Soc Veterinary Sciences Editorial Office, 2006) Vural, A.; Aksu, H.
    The aim of the study was to examine the effects of gamma irradiation on the microbiological and physio-chemical characteristics of meatballs. Meatball samples were produced experimentally and divided into six subgroups. The first group (control group) was not subjected to an irradiation process, and the remaining groups were subjected to irradiation at doses of 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 kGy. All groups were analyzed on days 0 (the day of irradiation process), 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30. The study revealed a significant reduction in the microbiological flora of the meatballs in relation to gradual increases in irradiation dosage. Faecal coliform bacteria counts, coliform bacteria counts and S. aureus counts were eliminated after applying 2 kGy, 3 kGy and 7 kGy irradiation doses, respectively. During storage at 4 +/- 1 degrees C, the bacterial populations systematically increased. Compared to the control group, low dose irradiation did not significantly change pH values, but higher pH levels were determined during high doses of irradiation. Irradiation increased the peroxide levels, but this increase did not seem to correlate with irradiation dosage. FFA levels decreased in relation to increasing levels of irradiation dosage.
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    Electron microscopy of contractile bands and quality characteristics in high-voltage electrical stimulation broiler breast meat
    (Oxford Univ Press, 2011) Kahraman, T.; Bayraktaroglu, A. G.; Vural, A.; Issa, G.; Ergun, E.
    In this study, 20 broilers were used to examine the effect of high-voltage electrical stimulation (HVES) on meat quality and the microstructure of the pectoralis muscle. After slaughter, carcasses were randomly distributed into 2 treatment groups (n = 10). In the first group, carcasses were electrically stimulated (500 V, 100 Hz) for 60 s. Carcasses in the second group (nonelectrical stimulation) were used as a control. Meat quality was evaluated by the rate of pH, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, color (L*, a*, b*), shear force, and sarcomere length. As a result, HVES increased the rate of muscle pH decline (P < 0.001). High-voltage electrical stimulation had no effect on water-holding capacity and cooking loss values. Only L* (lightness) values were improved during the storage time (P < 0.01). Tenderness (P < 0.001) and sarcomere length (P < 0.05) values were significantly increased at 2 and 5 d postmortem. In addition, microstructure examination demonstrated that the stimulated muscles had longer sarcomeres; however, the A-, I-, and Z-bands and the mitochondrial membrane structure were intact in HVES and nonelectrically stimulated carcasses. The results showed that HVES is a useful method for improving the tenderness of broiler breast meat.
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    Isolation and determination of antimicrobial resistance of Arcobacter species isolated from animal faeces in the Diyarbakir region of Turkey using the 16S rDNA-RFLP method
    (Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2017) Yesilmen, S.; Vural, A.; Erkan, M. E.; Yildirim, I. H.
    In this study, the presence of Arcobacter spp. was investigated in the faeces of cattle, sheep, goats, dogs and cloacal swab samples of chickens using the 16S rDNA-RFLP method. The prevalence of Arcobacter in these species was found to be 13%, 12%, 16%, 4% and 33%, respectively. On the other hand, Arcobacter spp. could not be isolated from rabbit faeces. A total of 78 (13%) Arcobacter spp. isolates were obtained from the 500 faecal samples and 100 cloacal swab samples examined in this study. From these 78 Arcobacter isolates, 24 (30.8%), 20 (25.6%), 11 (14.1%), 8 (10.7%), 4 (5.1%), 3 (3.9%) and 2 (2.6%) were identified by 16S rDNA-RLFP as A. cryaerophilus, A. butz-leri, A. skirrowii, A. cloacae, A. cibarius, A. halophilus, and A. nitrofigilis, respectively. All A. cryaerophilus (n = 24) isolates were found to be resistant to cloxacillin; all A. butzleri (n = 20) and A. skirrowii isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin/novobiocin, cefoperazone, tetracycline and cloxacillin. It was determined in this study that clinically healthy cattle, sheep, goats, dogs and chickens are reservoirs of Arcobacter spp.