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    Neonatal tetanus in Turkey; what has changed in the last decade?
    (Biomed Central Ltd, 2008) Dikici, Bünyamin; Uzun, Hakan; Yilmaz-Keskin, Ebru; Tas, Taskin; Gunes, Ali; Kocamaz, Halil; Konca, Capan
    Background: Neonatal tetanus (NT) is still considered as one of the major causes of neonatal death in many developing countries. The aim of the present study was to assess the characteristics of sixty-seven infants with the diagnosis of neonatal tetanus followed-up in the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Ward of Dicle University Hospital, Diyarbakir, between 1991 and 2006, and to draw attention to factors that may contribute (or may have contributed) to the elimination of the disease in Diyarbakir. Methods: The data of sixty-seven infants whose epidemiological and clinical findings were compatible with neonatal tetanus were reviewed. Patients were stratified into two groups according to whether they survived or not to assess the effect of certain factors in the prognosis. Factors having a contribution to the higher rate of tetanus among newborn infants were discussed. Results: A total of 55 cases of NT had been hospitalized between 1991 and 1996 whereas only 12 patients admitted in the last decade. All of the infants had been delivered at home by untrained traditional birth attendants (TBA), and none of the mothers had been immunized with tetanus toxoid during her pregnancy. Twenty-eight (41.8%) of the infants died during their follow-up. Lower birth weight, younger age at onset of symptoms and at the time admission, the presence of opisthotonus, risus sardonicus and were associated with a higher mortality rate. Conclusion: Although the number of neonatal tetanus cases admitted to our clinic in recent years is lower than in the last decade efforts including appropriate health education of the masses, ensurement of access to antenatal sevices and increasing the rate of tetanus immunization among mothers still should be made in our region to achieve the goal of neonatal tetanus elimination.
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    Öğe
    Prevalence of hepatitis B infection among schoolchildren in Southeast Turkey
    (2009) Uzun, Hakan; Pirinççioğlu, Ayfer Gözü; Dikici, Bünyamin; Fidan, Mücahit
    Amaç: Hepatit B enfeksiyonu (HBV) dünya genelinde bir sağlık problemidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’nin güneydoğu bölgesinde, okul çocuklarında HBV taşıyıcı sıklığı ve HBV enfeksiyona karşı bağışıklık yanıtın gelişmesinde genişletilmiş aşı programının etkisini saptamaktır. Yöntem ve Gereç: Çalışma popülasyonu Mardin bölgesinde yaşayan 6-17 yaş arası sağlıklı 147.200 okul çocuğunu içerir. Toplam 802 çocuk, rabdomize olarak sistematik örnekleme yöntemi ile seçildi. Alınan kan örneklerinde Hepatit B yüzey antijeni (HBsAg), HBsAg antikoru (Anti-HBs), hepatit B kor antijen antikoru (Anti-HBc), ELISA (General Biological Corp., Taiwan) yöntemi ile çalışıldı. Bulgular: Bu çalışma, yaş ortalamaları 10,4 ± 2,3 yıl olan 420’si erkek (% 52,4) ve 382’si kız (% 47,6) çocuğundan oluşmaktadır. Çocukların toplamda anti-HBs, anti-HBc ve HBsAg pozitifliği sırasıyla, 724 (% 90,2), 56 (% 7) ve 22 (% 2,7) idi. HBV seroprevalansı toplamda % 2,7 bulundu. Sonuç: Genişletilmiş ulusal aşı programının başlamasıyla, Türkiye’nin güneydoğusunda okul çocuklarında perinatal ve horizontal geçişli HBV seropozitifliği başarılı bir şekilde azalmıştır.
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    Öğe
    Prevalence of Hepatitis B Infection among Schoolchildren in Southeast Turkey
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2009) Dikici, Bünyamin; Uzun, Hakan; Gozu, Ayfer; Fidan, Muecahit
    Aim: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) on the prevalence of HBsAg carrier rate and immunity developed against HBV infection among schoolchildren in southeast Turkey. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 147,200 healthy schoolchildren between 6 to 17 years of age living in the Mardin area. A total of 802 children were randomly selected by systematic sampling method. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were analyzed in blood samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA General Biological Corp., Taiwan). Results: This study involved 420 (52.4%) male and 382 female (47.6%) schoolchildren with a mean age of 10.4 +/- 2.3 years. The overall anti-HBs. anti-HBc, and HBsAg were positive in 724 (90.2%), 56 (7%), and 22 (2.7%) children. respectively. The overall HBV seroprevalence rate was 2.7%. Conclusions: The introduction of the national EPI has successfully decreased the HBV seropositivity possibly by preventing perinatal and horizontal HBV transmission among schoolchildren in southeast Turkey.