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Öğe EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF DEXAMETHASONE PLUS FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE ON SURVIVAL RATE IN LETHAL ENDOTOXEMIA(De Gruyter Poland Sp Zoo, 2009) Er, A.; Uney, K.; Altan, F.; Cetin, G.; Yazar, E.; Elmas, M.Effects of different doses of dexamethasone plus flunixin meglumine on survival rate were investigated in lethal endotoxemia. A total of 60 Balb/C female mice were divided into 4 equal groups. Lethal endotoxemia (80-100%) was induced by lipopolysaccharide injection (Group 1, 1 mg, intraperinoneally). At 4 hours after the lipopolysaccharide injection; low-dose dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, intramuscularly) + flunixin meglumine (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, subcutaneously), normal-dose dexamethasone (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, intramuscularly) + flunixin meglumine (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, subcutaneously) and high-dose dexamethasone (10 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, intramuscularly) + flunixin meglumine (2 mg/kg, SID, 5 days, subcutaneously) were injected to Group 2, 3 and 4, respectively. After the injections, survival was monitored at 7 days and 13.3%, 13.3%, 33.3% and 73.3% survival rates were observed in Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. As results, high-dose dexamethasone plus flunixin meglumine may be the treatment of choice for endotoxaemia in animals.Öğe Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) after single intravenous and intramuscular injections(Wiley, 2018) Uney, K.; Altan, F.; Cetin, G.; Aboubakr, M.; Dik, B.; Sayin, Z.; Er, A.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (CFQ) following single intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injections of 2mg/kg body weight in red-eared slider turtles. Plasma concentrations of CFQ were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed using noncompartmental methods. The pharmacokinetic parameters following IV injection were as follows: elimination half-life (t(1/2z)) 21.73 +/- 4.95hr, volume of distribution at steady-state (V-dss) 0.37 +/- 0.11L/kg, area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-)) 163 +/- 32ghr(-1)ml(-1), and total body clearance (Cl-T) 12.66 +/- 2.51 mlhr(-1)kg(-1). The pharmacokinetic parameters after IM injection were as follows: peak plasma concentration (C-max) 3.94 +/- 0.84g/ml, time to peak concentration (T-max) 3hr, t(1/2z) 26.90 +/- 4.33hr, and AUC(0-) 145 +/- 48ghr(-1)ml(-1). The bioavailability after IM injection was 88%. Data suggest that CFQ has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile with a long half-life and a high bioavailability in red-eared slider turtles. Further studies are needed to establish a multiple dosage regimen and evaluate clinical efficacy.Öğe Pharmacokinetics of intravenous meloxicam, ketoprofen and tolfenamic acid in chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar)(Taylor & Francis, 2021) Çetin, G.; Çorum, O.; Çorum, D. D.; Atik, O.; Altan, F.; Türk, E.; Tekeli, I. O.; Faki, H. E.; Uney, K.1. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam (MLX, 1 mg/kg body weight (BW)), ketoprofen (KETO, 2 mg/kg BW), and tolfenamic acid (TA, 2 mg/kg BW) in chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) following intravenous (IV) administration. 2. Twenty-four healthy chukar partridges were randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 8) as MLX, KETO and TA. Plasma concentrations of MLX, KETO and TA were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection and analysed using non-compartmental analysis. 3. No adverse effects were determined in chukar partridges after IV administration of MLX, KETO and TA. MLX, KETO and TA were detected in plasma up to 10, 12 and 12 h, respectively. The terminal elimination half-life of MLX, KETO and TA was 1.22, 1.77 and 1.95 h, respectively. MLX, KETO and TA exhibited volumes of distribution at a steady-state of 0.03, 0.23 and 0.41 l/kg BW, respectively. The total plasma clearance of MLX, KETO and TA was 0.02, 0.11 and 0.15 l/h/kg, respectively. The extraction ratios for MLX, KETO and TA were calculated as 0.002, 0.011 and 0.016, respectively. 4. MLX, KETO and TA offer treatment in chukar partridges for various conditions with an absence of adverse reactions and properties such as short elimination half-life and low volume of distribution. However, there is a need to establish the safety and adverse effects of repeated administration, pharmacokinetics of other administration routes and pharmacological efficacy of MLX, KETO and TA in chukar partridges.Öğe Plasma and synovial fluid pharmacokinetics of cefquinome following the administration of multiple doses in horses(Wiley, 2017) Uney, K.; Altan, F.; Altan, S.; Erol, H.; Arican, M.; Elmas, M.The plasma and synovial fluid pharmacokinetics and safety of cefquinome, a 2-amino-5-thiazolyl cephalosporin, were determined after multiple intravenous administrations in sixteen healthy horses. Cefquinome was administered to each horse through a slow i.v. injection over 20min at 1, 2, 4, and 6mg/kg (n=4 horses per dose) every 12h for 7days (a total of 13 injections). Serial blood and synovial fluid samples were collected during the 12h after the administration of the first and last doses and were analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatography assay. The data were evaluated using noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analyses. The estimated plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with the hypothetical minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (0.125-2g/mL). The plasma and synovial fluid concentrations and area under the concentration-time curves (AUC) of cefquinome showed a dose-dependent increase. After a first dose of cefquinome, the ranges for the mean plasma half-life values (2.30-2.41h), the mean residence time (1.77-2.25h), the systemic clearance (158-241mL/h/kg), and the volume of distribution at steady-state (355-431mL/kg) were consistent across dose levels and similar to those observed after multiple doses. Cefquinome did not accumulate after multiple doses. Cefquinome penetrated the synovial fluid with AUC(synovial fluid)/AUC(plasma) ratios ranging from 0.57 to 1.37 after first and thirteenth doses, respectively. Cefquinome is well tolerated, with no adverse effects. The percentage of time for which the plasma concentrations were above the MIC was >45% for bacteria, with MIC values of 0.25, 0.5, and 1g/mL after the administration of 1, 2, and 4 or 6mg/kg doses of CFQ at 12-h intervals, respectively. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage regimes in critically ill patients.
