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    Epidemiological investigation and ultrasonographic results of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants aged 0-6 months
    (2023) Akar, Mehmet Sait; Ulus, Sait Anil
    Aim: To determine the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), a common condition in our region, and investigate the underlying factors contributing to its occurrence. Methods: A total of 715 hips from 370 newborns were evaluated using ultrasonography. The patients' gender, alpha, and beta angles, affected hip, and Graf classification types were noted. Risk factors were compared between the groups. Patients diagnosed with DDH were treated with the Pavlik harness. Results: In the initial evaluation, 61 out of 370 patients (16%) were diagnosed with Graf type 2c, 3, or 4 hips. 48 patients were female, and 13 patients were male. Patients who were female (20.1%) had a statistically significant greater incidence of DDH than patients who were male (9.8%) (p<0.05). In terms of statistical significance, there was no difference between DDH incidence in the right hip and left hip (p>0.05). The application of swaddling was more frequent in the group with diagnosed DDH compared to the normal group (p<0,05). Pavlik treatment was applied to 41 hips. After the treatment, 30 hips converted to type 1 hips. Six hips remained as type 2b, three hips progressed to type 2c, and one hip progressed to type 3. Conclusions: DDH continues to be a widespread concern. The incidence in our region is higher compared to other areas. Enhancing screening initiatives, pinpointing key risk factors, and bolstering family education are imperative steps towards its prevention.
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    How does ChatGPT perform on the European Board of Orthopedics and Traumatology examination? A comparative study
    (Reial Acad Medicina Illes Balears, 2023) Ulus, Sait Anil
    Objective: The objective of this investigation was to comprehensively compare the precision and responsiveness of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 within the domain of Orthopedics and Traumatology. Specifically, our aim was to evaluate their capacity to provide accurate answers to a series of sample questions derived from the European Board of Orthopedics and Traumatology (EBOT) exam.Methods: The study was conducted over the period from 10th May 2023 to 15th May 2023. It involved a comparative analysis of two AI language models, namely GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, specifically in the field of Orthopedics and Traumatology and with a focus on sample questions extracted from the EBOT exam. Two separate sets, each containing 80 sample questions (totaling 160 questions), were compiled from the pool of available EBOT sample questions.Results: A total of 160 questions were included in the study, 80 questions from each group. In the field of General Orthopedics, GPT-4 demonstrated a higher success rate (75%) compared to GPT-3.5 (45%) (p=0.053). In the Traumatology domain, GPT-4 delivered a notable success rate of 80%, compared to GPT-3.5's (p=0.010). For Oncological Orthopedic Surgery, both models showed a similar trend (P=0.057). Overall, GPT-4 exhibited superior performance across all domains, with a cumulative success rate of 75% as compared to GPT-3.5's 43.75% (p<0.001). When considering the overall responses, the Odds Ratio between GPT4 and GPT-3.5 was determined to be 3.8.Conclusions: Based on the findings of this comparative study, it can be firmly concluded that GPT-4 demonstrates a remarkable superiority over GPT-3.5 in effectively addressing the EBOT exam sample questions
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    Hydatid Cyst of the Tibia
    (Soc Brasileira Medicina Tropical, 2022) Tekin, Recep; Ozkul, Emin; Ulus, Sait Anil
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Improved Outcomes in Distal Tibial Non-Union: A Retrospective Study of 8 Patients Treated with Distal Tibial Nail and Screw Fixation
    (Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2023) Alemdar, Celil; Ulus, Sait Anil; Atic, Ramazan; Demir, Sebahattin; Topal, Ilknur; Sayar, Safak
    Background: Non-union of distal tibia fractures is a challenge in orthopedic surgery and can be due to open fractures, osteopenia, infection, or failure of surgical devices. This retrospective study aimed to describe 8 patients with non-union of distal tibial fractures treated with distal tibial nail and screw fixation.Material/Methods: According to the Gustilo-Anderson classification, 3 patients had type 2 open fractures, 1 had a type 3 open fracture, 1 had a type 1 open fracture, and 3 had closed fractures. The Association of Osteosynthesis AO classified 4 patients as A2, 2 as B2, and 2 as C2. Seven patients received distal supporting bolt-locking-screw nails (DSBLS) and 1 received DSBLS nail and plate in their most recent operation. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and Olerud-Molander scores.Results: All 8 patients were male, with a mean age of 35.5 +/- 14.6 years. Six patients had atrophic non-union, 1 had hypertrophic non-union, and 1 had infected non-union. Union was achieved in all patients. The average union time was 25.1 (range, 12-60) months, and the follow-up duration was 3.6 (range, 2-6) years. The mean Olerud-Molander score was 92.5 (range 85-100), and the mean AOFAS score was 91.2 (range, 85-100). There was no evidence of rotational deformity or shortening.Conclusions: Distal tibial non-unions benefit from nails with DSBLS system due to their excellent biomechanical properties. These nails facilitate union and allow patients to bear weight early in the postoperative period, enabling a quicker return to normal activities.