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    Assessment of atrial electromechanical delay and P-Wave dispersion in patients with Psoriasis
    (Echocardiography- A Journal Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques, 2014) Yildiz, Abdulkadir; Ucmak, Derya; Oylumlu, Mustafa; Akkurt, Meltem Z.; Yuksel, Murat; Akil, Mehmet Ata; Polat, Nihat; Aydin, Mesut; Bilik, M. Zihni; Acet, Halit
    Background: In this study, we sought to evaluate atrial electromechanical properties and conduction homogeneity by tissue Doppler imaging and electrocardiography in patients with psoriasis. Methods: Thirty-four patients with psoriasis and 30 age-and gender-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Atrial electromechanical coupling intervals were assessed by means of tissue Doppler echocardiography and P-wave dispersion (Pd) was calculated from electrocardiogram. Results: A total of 64 subjects (33 male) with a mean age of 36.8 +/- 11.9 years were included in the study. Basal characteristics were similar between 2 groups. Intra-atrial (15 +/- 7 ms vs. 12 +/- 5 ms, P = 0.009) and inter-atrial (28 +/- 7 ms vs. 23 +/- 7 ms, P = 0.002) electromechanical delays were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis compared with control groups. P-maximum (112 +/- 16 ms vs. 103 +/- 8 ms, P = 0.006) and Pd (35 +/- 9 ms vs. 20 +/- 6 ms, P < 0.001) were also prolonged in patients with psoriasis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that atrial electromechanical coupling intervals and P-wave dispersion were prolonged in patients with psoriasis, which may cause an increased risk of atrial fibrillation in this patient group.
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    Atypical cutaneous features in adult onset Still's disease
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2014) Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Bozkurt, Mehtap; Ucmak, Derya; Turkcu, Gul; Ucak, Haydar
    Adult onset Still's disease is a rare but potentially serious disease. We present five cases of adult-onset Still's disease seen by us over a period of one year. The patients were all females and 28-39 years of age. Symptoms had been present for 2-6 weeks in three patients. The other two had been on a few years' follow-up for rheumatoid arthritis before the onset of rashes and fever. The patients had persistent erythematous maculopapular eruptions on face, body and extremities, with moderate to severe pruritus and/or a burning sensation that decreased their quality of life. The typical evanescent rash was not observed. High ferritin values were detected in all the patients and total serum IgE was increased in two. All the patients were started on oral prednisolone (0.5-1.0 mg/kg/day), and methotrexate (10-15 mg/week) had to be added in three patients. One patient was started on tocilizumab due to recalcitrant disease and one was lost to follow-up. Further investigation and classification of the various atypical cutaneous findings in adult-onset Still's disease is necessary.
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    Autologous serum and plasma test results of the chronic urticaria patients in the South Eastern Anatolia Turkey
    (Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2011) Yesilova, Yavuz; Kacar, Sevval Dogruk; Sula, Bilal; Ucmak, Derya
    Objective: Sera of the chronic urticaria patients have IgG-type functional antibodies against high-affinity IgE receptors (FceRIa) found on the surface of mast cells and basophils or IgE. The presence of these autoantibodies can be shown by an autologous serum test consisting of the papule and erythema reaction arising from the injection of the serum into the dermis. It has been suggested in recent years that autologous plasma skin test would be more appropriate than the autologous serum skin test in chronic urticaria. The present study evaluated the test results of autologous serum skin test and autologous plasma skin test in chronic urticaria patients. Materials and Methods: The study registered 34 chronic urticaria patients who presented at dermatology outpatient clinic from July 2009 to November 2010, and a control group consisting of 30 healthy volunteers. Chronic urticaria patients and control group were tested by using autologous serum and autologous plasma skin tests. Urticaria activity scores of chronic urticaria patients were calculated. be positive in 67.6% of chronic urticaria patients and 26.7% of control group. Autologous plasma skin test, on the other hand, was established to be positive in 79.4% of chronic urticaria patients and 30% of control group. In case of chronic patients whose disease duration ranged between 1-5 years, both tests produced positive results at higher rates. Urticaria activity scores of the chronic urticaria patients whose autologous serum and autologous plasma skin tests were positive were higher than those of the chronic urticaria patients with negative test results. Conclusion: The fact that autologous plasma skin test was found higher in comparison to autologous serum test in chronic urticaria patients may bring new treatment alternatives to the fore in the light of the new developments in the disease pathogenesis.
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    BLUE RUBBER BLEB NEVUS SYNDROME: A CASE REPORT
    (Carbone Editore, 2013) Ucmak, Derya; Ucmak, Feyzullah; Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Sula, Bilal; Yakut, Yunus
    Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS) is a syndrome that is characterized with cutaneous venous malformations besides visceral involvement. Visceral involvement affects mostly the gastrointestinal (GI) system. As these venous malformations can lead to life-threatening serious GI bleeding, anemia is an important clue to diagnosis. A 18-year-old female presented to the department of internal medicine with complaints of weakness and paleness. Hypochromic microcytic anemia was diagnosed and upper and lower GI screenings were done. On endoscopy, reddish-purple polypoid lesions were detected throughout the GI tract and nodular lesions compatible with venous malformations were observed on both lower extremities. A diagnosis of BRBNS was made. Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia guide patients with BRBNS to general practitioners and internal medicine specialists. If cutaneous findings are present, collaboration with dermatologists at this stage will improve diagnostic accuracy.
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    Bullous Pemphigoid Mimicking Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report
    (Aves, 2014) Ucmak, Derya; Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Sula, Bilal; Acar, Gurbet; Alabalik, Ulas; Arica, Mustafa
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Burns due to wet wood ash: three cases
    (Informa Healthcare, 2014) Ayhan, Erhan; Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Ucmak, Derya
    Wood ash, a traditional multipurpose agent, is sometimes used under occlusion as a folkloric prescription to ease pain and edema. Adding water or oil to ash forms a mixture with strong alkaline properties. We present interesting three cases who sustained full-thickness burns after application of a poultice of wetted wood ash for the treatment of leg pain.
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    A case of orf (ecthyma contagiosum) with multiple lesions
    (Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2013) Turan, Enver; Yesilova, Yavuz; Ucmak, Derya
    Orf, also known as ecthyma contagiosum or contagious pustular dermatitis, is a viral zoonotic disease resulting from the direct or indirect contact of damaged skin with infected animals. The causative microorganism is the orf virus, an epitheliotropic DNA virus from the Parapoxvirus group, which generally infects sheep, goats, and various other domestic and wild ovine animals. A male patient presented to our outpatient clinic with multiple nodular lesions on his right wrist after incurring an injury during ovine slaughter. Diagnoses other than ecthyma contagiosum were eliminated by punch biopsy. Orf generally manifests as solitary lesions on hands and fingers, but it may rarely present as multiple nodular lesions. Here we present the case of a 42-year-old man diagnosed with orf based on clinical and histopathological findings.
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    Chilblains in Turkey: a case-control study
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2014) Akkurt, Z. Meltem; Ucmak, Derya; Yildiz, Kenan; Yuruker, Safiye Kutlu; Celik, Heybet Ozkaya
    BACKGROUND: Chilblains are rather common in winter months in our country. OBJECTIVES: Determination of demographical and clinical characteristics of patients presenting with chilblains in Diyarbakir, Turkey. Evaluation of body mass index (BMI) as risk factor for development of chilblains. METHODS: Sixty-nine patients who were diagnosed as chilblains at our outpatient clinics were included in this study. No exclusion criteria were sought. Demographical data including height and weight and answers to questions related to personal history were recorded. A control group consisting of 108 controls were chosen from among patients presenting with complaints of hair loss. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: Of the 69 patients with chilblains, 45 (65.2%) were females and 24 (34.8%) were males. Mean age (+/- SD) of the patients was 21 +/- 9. 71.2% of the patients complained of itching, 51.6% of pain, 31.3% of burning in the lesions. 61.3% of the patients reported recurrence of the lesions every winter season. Mean BMI of the patients was 20.5 +/- 2.9. Mean BMI of the controls was 22.4 +/- 3.7 and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Low BMI may be a risk factor contributing to development of chilblains in persons exposed to cold weather conditions. Apart from external factors, there seems to be a personal tendency to develop lesions, as many patients report recurrences every year. Diagnosis of chilblains requires wariness, as history of cold exposure may not be evident.
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    Clinical and dermoscopic evaluation of cutaneous leishmaniasis
    (Wiley, 2015) Ayhan, Erhan; Ucmak, Derya; Baykara, Sule Nergiz; Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Arica, Mustafa
    BackgroundDermoscopy is a method to aid in the visualization of the epidermis and dermis. In recent years, the use of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of non-melanocytic lesions such as those of leishmania cutis has increased. ObjectivesThis study was intended to establish whether dermoscopic investigation has any diagnostic value in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). MethodsFifty-five patients diagnosed with CL at the Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, between February and October 2012, were included in the study. Collectively, the patients exhibited a total of 127 lesions. ResultsThe meanstandard deviation age of the patients was 25.7 +/- 21.3years (range: 4-86years). Twenty-three (41.8%) patients were male, and 32 (58.2%) were female. In dermoscopy, teardrop-like structures were observed in 42.5% of the lesions. Vascular structures were detected in 115 (90.6%) lesions; no vascular structures were observed in 12 (9.4%) lesions. Branching, linear, comma-like, and polymorphic vessels were seen more commonly in lesions on the face; pin-point and hairpin-like vessels were seen more commonly in lesions on the upper extremities. ConclusionsWhen the findings obtained in this study were evaluated along with those reported in the literature, it became apparent that follicular plugs, also called teardrop-like structures, seen on the face and neck may be a dermoscopic feature specific to CL. As hairpin-like vessels seen in an asymmetric radial arrangement were often observed on parts of the body other than the face, further dermoscopic studies comparing the lesions of CL with other ulcerating lesions are necessary.
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    Colchicine may be of therapeutic benefit in prurigo pigmentosa
    (Wiley, 2018) An, Isa; Ucmak, Derya; Ibiloglu, Ibrahim; Demir, Vasfiye; Akdeniz, Sedat
    Prurigo pigmentosa (PP) is a rare inflammatory skin disease. Neutrophil-mediated inflammation is considered to be responsible for the etiopathogenesis of PP. We consider that colchicine may be an effective agent in the treatment of PP since it exerts an antiinflammatory effect by inhibiting neutrophil chemotaxis. Further studies are required to verify whether colchicine is an effective treatment option for PP.
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    Comorbidities in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a comparison with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Nas, Kemal; Karkucak, Murat; Durmus, Bekir; Karatay, Saliha; Capkin, Erhan; Kaya, Arzu; Ucmak, Derya
    AimPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, inflammatory disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between PsA and comorbid conditions. This is the first study to investigate comorbid diseases in PsA in Turkey. MethodsThis study was performed under the auspices of the Anatolian Group for the Assessment in Rheumatic Diseases (ANGARD) and involved participation by six university research hospitals. Patients diagnosed with and treated for PsA on the basis of clinical, radiological and laboratory findings and expert opinion were monitored using standardized examination methods and jointly prepared forms. Clinical status, accompanying systemic diseases and surgical history were recorded. ResultsOne hundred and seventy-three patients with PsA (75 male, 98 female, mean age 41.8) and 138 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (17 male, 121 female, mean age 48.6) and 67 with psoriasis (PsO) (43 male, 24 female, mean age 36.1) were included in the study. No accompanying disease was determined in 72.8% of PsA, 50.0% of RA and 80.6% of PsO groups. In regression analysis, patients with PsA had higher risk for cataract/glaucoma surgery (odds ratio [OR]=11.99; 95% CI 1.36-105.4, P=0.025) compared to patients with RA, and higher risk for hypertension (HT) (OR=4.26; 95% CI 1.27-14.23, P=0.018) compared to the patients with PsO. ConclusionPatients with PsA have relatively lower frequency of comorbidities like diabetes mellitus, HT and cataract/glaucoma surgery compared to the patients with RA. The increased risk for having cataract/glaucoma surgery in RA compared to PsA may be particularly attributed to the more prevalent glucocorticoid use in RA.
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    Comparative study of 5% and 2.5% potassium hydroxide solution for molluscum contagiosum in children
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Ucmak, Derya; Akkurt, Meltem Zeynep; Kacar, Seval Dogruk; Sula, Bilal; Arica, Mustafa
    Background: Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a pediatric viral infection that is fairly contagious. Although various treatment methods are available, the presence of facial lesions limits options of therapy. Aim: We aimed to test an alternative treatment consisting of application of two different concentrations of potassium hydroxide (of KOH 5% solution and of KOH 2.5% solution) aqueous solution. Methods: In this study we evaluated the effectiveness and side-effects of daily applications of potassium hydroxide (KOH) aqueous solution at 2.5% and 5% concentrations, twice daily in 29 children with MC. Out of a total of 29 patients with molluscum contagiosum included in the study, 13 patients in the 2.5% KOH group and 12 patients in the KOH 5% group completed the study. Families were instructed to apply potassium hydroxide twice a day. The assessment of response and side-effects were performed on days 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 (visits were numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively) and one month after. Results: We had a total of 11 (44%) patients who completely recovered after the fifth visit. While eight (66.7%) of these 11 patients were in the 5% treatment group, three (23.1%) patients were in the 2.5% treatment group, and there was a statistically meaningful difference (p<0.047). Patients with fewer lesions remitted better (p<0.05). When number of lesions were taken into consideration, difference between the two treatment groups appeared after the fourth visit (p<0.001). There were no statistical differences between the two groups with respect to side-effects (p = 0.682). Conclusions: Potassium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 5% was more effective than 2.5% in our patients. The treatment was well-tolerated on the face with the advantage of administration of lower concentrations. This study suggests potassium hydroxide may be a more preferable mode of treatment for molluscum contagiosum lesions on the face.
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    Cryoglobulin and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive cutaneous vasculitis due to propylthiouracil
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2014) Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Ucmak, Derya; Acar, Gurbet; Beysel, Selvihan; Turkcu, Gul; Ucak, Haydar; Akdeniz, Sedat
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Cutaneous anthrax in Southeast Anatolia of Turkey
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Tekin, Recep; Sula, Bilal; Deveci, Ozcan; Tekin, Alicem; Bozkurt, Fatma; Ucmak, Derya; Kaya, Safak
    Context: Anthrax is a rare disease cause by Bacillus anthracis, a Gram-positive, rod-shaped endospore-forming capsuled bacterium. Anthrax is manifest in three primary forms: cutaneous, respiratory, and gastrointestinal. Cutaneous anthrax accounts for approximately 95% of all cases of anthrax in humans. Objective: In the present study, we evaluated the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous anthrax, a rare disease that nonetheless remains a serious healthcare problem in developing countries. Methods: The complete medical records of patients diagnosed with cutaneous anthrax between January 2001 and December 2012 were examined in a retrospective manner. Cutaneous anthrax was diagnosed by the identification of typical antrax lesions and/or the presence of Gram-positive-capsuled bacillus after staining with Gram stain and methylen blue in pathology samples obtained from these lesions and the presence of characteristic scarring with a history of severe swelling, black eschar, and positive response to treatment form the basis of diagnosis in cases where cultures were negative for the presence of bacillus. Results: A total of 58 patients were admitted to the hospital with cutaneous anthrax between January 2001 and December 2012. This included 32 (55.2%) males and 26 (44.8%) females, with an age range of 15-82 years and a mean age of 38 +/- 13.8 years. The incubation period for the infection ranged between 1 and 20 d (mean 3.7 +/- 1.4 d). The most common symptoms at the time of hospital referral were swelling, redness, and black eschar of the skin. The most common lesion site was the hand and fingers (41.3%). Isolated of bacteria was used to diagnose the disease in six cases (23.8%), detection of Gram-positive bacillus in samples of characteristic lesion material was used in seven (28.5%) cases, and the presence of a characteristic lesion was the sole diagnositc criteria in 45 (77.6%) cases. Treatment consisted of penicillin G (12 cases), ampicillin-sulbactam (30 cases), Cefazolin (12 cases), or ciprofloxacin (4 cases). Conclusion: Although the prevalence of anthrax is a decreasing worldwide, it remains a significant problem in developing countries. Rapid identification of the signs and symptoms of cutaneous anthrax is essential for effective treatment. Early supportive treatment and appropriate antimicrobial measures are necessary to address this potentially life-threatening disease.
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    Dermatitis artefacta: a retrospective analysis
    (Informa Healthcare, 2014) Ucmak, Derya; Harman, Mehmet; Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem
    Background: Factitial dermatitis describes self-produced and consciously made skin lesions usually intended to win sympathy, avoid responsibilities and even gain disability insurance. Dermatitis artefacta belongs to an extensive spectrum of self-inflicted diseases termed factitious diseases. Objectives: The study is retrospective, and the patients were seen in our department from 2002 to 2012. Materials and methods: For patients with skin lesions, the demographic features and clinical descriptive characteristics of their lesions were ascertained. Patient files and photographs were reviewed and the patients were called for follow-up. Results: A total of 25 patients were recorded. Mean age of the patients was 25.64 +/- 11.80. With the exception of two cases, all patients were females. With regard to location, 27% of the patients showed facial localization, whereas the lesions have been localized on the extremities in 44%. The most common clinical appearance of DA was crusted eroded lesions (24%) and excoriations (24%) followed by ulcers (12%), superficial erosion (12%), acute eczematous lesions (8%), purpuric lesions (8%), pigment application (8%), diffuse erythema (8%), hyperpigmentation (8%), blister (4%), hair cutting (4%), hypopigmentation (4%) and cellulitis (4%). Forty percent of the patients had multiple lesions. There were eight children with dermatitis artefacta whose mean age was 14.50. The predominant lesion in these cases was superficial eroded plaque (37.5%). While patients with mild lesions limited in number receive ambulatory care, almost half of the patients require hospitalization. In this study, all patients were referred to psychiatric consultation, but most of them either refused treatment or did not receive medications. Conclusion: Although it is primarily a psychiatric disease, dermatitis artefacta is frequently diagnosed by dermatologists. Detailed history and physical examination are key factors because it imitates an extensive spectrum of diseases.
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    Determination of dermatology life quality index, and serum C-reactive protein and plasma interleukin-6 levels in patients with chronic urticaria
    (Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2013) Ucmak, Derya; Akkurt, Meltem; Toprak, Gulten; Yesilova, Yavuz; Turan, Enver; Yildiz, Ismail
    Introduction: C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is one of its most important simulators, were determined in great amounts in the sera of patients with chronic urticaria (CU). Aim: To determine the levels of IL-6 in patients with urticaria, and evaluate its relationship with urticaria activity scores and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Material and methods: Fifty-three patients with CU were included in the study successively by determining their urticaria activity scores (0-3) and DLQI (0-5). The CRP and IL-6 were measured by immune assay methods. Thirty-two healthy subjects were included as a control group. Results: Serum levels of IL-6 and CRP were significantly higher in patients with CU compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.026 respectively). There was a statistically significant correlation among urticaria activity scores and IL-6 and CRP concentration (p = 0.004, p = 0.042). This correlation was more significant in patients who had moderate and severe disease activity scores than in those who had mild disease activity score (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). There was a statistically significant association between DLQI and IL-6 (p = 0.025). This correlation was very significant in patients who had severe and very severe disease activity scores (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). DLQI scores and serum levels of IL-6 were significantly different in the very severe group compared to healthy controls (p = 0.024). Conclusions: The levels of CRP and IL-6 are increased in patients with CU. A relationship of DLQI and urticaria activity scores with CRP and IL-6 was found. These findings support the relationship between the inflammatory process in CU and the clinical findings.
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    The effects of oral isotretinoin (13-Cis retinoic acid) on the inner ear: A prospective clinical study
    (Canadian Soc Clinical Investigation, 2014) Akdag, Mehmet; Akkurt, Zeynep M.; Gul, Aylin; Ucmak, Derya; Yilmaz, Beyhan; Sengul, Engin; Topcu, Ismail
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral isotretinoin, a drug used in the treatment of acne vulgaris, on hearing function determined by serial audiology examinations. Methods: Forty patients with acne vulgaris were included in this study. Nine patients were excluded from the study because of inconsistent follow-up. The hearing of each participant was tested with pure tone audiometry and transient evoked autoacoustic emissions before and two and four weeks after treatment with isotretinoin (0.3-0.6 mg/kg/day) in the remaining 31 patients (62 ears). Results: Th e di ff erences between the mean values of the pre- treatment and post-treatment pure tone hearing thresholds at 1000, 2000, 4000 and 6000 Hz frequencies were statistically signi fi cant (p< 0.05), but there was no signi fi cant di ff erence between the pretreatment and post- treatment values at 250 and 500 Hz frequencies (p> 0.05). The difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment signal-noise ratio values of the transient evoked autoacoustic emissions was not significantly different (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the use of isotretinoin may cause bilateral hearing threshold changes. Further animal and human studies are required to investigate and characterize isotretinoin- induced neurophysiological alterations in hearing.
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    Efficacy of topical tacrolimus for the treatment of persistent pruritus ani in patients with atopic dermatitis
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Ucak, Haydar; Demir, Betul; Cicek, Demet; Dertlioglu, Selma Bakar; Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Ucmak, Derya; Halisdemir, Nurhan
    Background: Pruritus ani (PA) is defined as intense chronic itching affecting perianal skin. Objective: We aimed to determine the efficacy of topical tacrolimus treatment in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients who have PA. Methods: The study included 32 patients with AD who were suffering PA. Patients were randomized into two groups. In total, 16 patients used 0.03% tacrolimus ointment and 16 patients used vaseline as placebo. All groups applied topical treatments to their perianal area twice daily for 4 weeks. The treatments were then reversed for 4 weeks after a 2 weeks wash out period. Results: In total, 32 patients with AD who had refractory anal itching were enrolled in this study. None of the patients had obtained successful results with previous treatments. There was a statistically significant decrease in the recorded EASI, DLQI and itching scores for the tacrolimus group compared to the placebo group at weeks 4 and 6 of treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Topical tacrolimus treatment was well tolerated and effective in controlling persistent PA in AD patients.
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    Evaluation of choroidal thickness in psoriasis using optical coherence tomography
    (Springer, 2016) Turkcu, Fatih Mehmet; Sahin, Alparslan; Yuksel, Harun; Akkurt, Meltem; Ucmak, Derya; Cinar, Yasin; Yildirim, Adnan
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with psoriasis using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and to determine its relationship with psoriasis activity indices. In this prospective study, EDI-OCT images were obtained in consecutive patients with psoriasis and in age-gender-matched healthy individuals. Comprehensive ophthalmic examination and EDI-OCT evaluation were performed. CT was measured in the subfoveal area. Correlation analyses were performed to identify the relationship of the CT with disease duration and clinical disease activity score. In total, 65 individuals were evaluated in this study, 35 with psoriasis and 30 controls. The mean disease duration of the patients with psoriasis was 15.7 +/- 8.8 years (0.3-34 years). There was no difference between groups with respect to age and gender (p = 0.695 and p = 0.628, respectively). Five of the 35 patients with psoriasis had anterior uveitis. None of the patients with psoriasis had signs of posterior uveitis. CT was significantly higher in the psoriasis group than that of control subjects (p < 0.001). The mean central foveal thickness was comparable between groups (p = 0.672). There was also no significant correlation between EDI-OCT, disease activity score, and disease duration (p < 0.05). Choroidal thickness is increased in psoriasis patients. Large serial and comparative studies are necessary to evaluate EDI-OCT, an examination that may be helpful in understanding the effects of psoriasis on the eye and its pathophysiology.
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    Evaluation of Hearing and Outer Hair Cell Function of Cochlea in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis
    (Korean Soc Otorhinolaryngol, 2015) Akdag, Mehmet; Ucmak, Derya; Ozkurt, Fazil Emre; Bozkurt, Mehtap; Akkurt, Zeynep Meltem; Topcu, Ismail
    Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate hearing and outer cells function in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Our investigation was a prospective case control study. Methods. A total of 31 psoriatic arthritis patients (62 ears) and 31 healthy control subjects (62 ears) were enrolled in the study. We investigated hearing changes of patients and controls via pure tone audiometry, speech discrimination scores, tympanometry, acoustic reflex, and transient product otoacoustic emission. Results. The mean age of psoriatic arthritis patients was 36.1 +/- 8.5 years (range, 14 to 62 years). The average age of the control group was 37.9 +/- 8.1 years (range, 16 to 62 years). There were statistically significant differences between pure tone audiometry in all frequencies and right and left emission at the 4.0 and 1.0 in psoriatic arthritis patients versus controls (P < 0.05). This difference was evident, especially at high frequencies. There was no statistically significant difference between the ages and genders of the patient and control groups (P > 0.05). Both audiological and otoacoustic emissions were not significantly different between right and left ear (P > 0.05). Conclusion. Based on the audiological and otoacoustic findings; it is likely that the cochlear outer hair cells become subtly damaged in psoriatic arthritis patients, consequently leading to changes in hearing thresholds. These data suggest that it is important to screen psoriatic arthritis patients for hearing changes with otoacoustic emissions and audiologic tests regularly.