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    Comparison of tuberculin skin test, IFN-? assay, real time PCR and lateral flow rapid test in diagnosis of field outbreaks of bovine tuberculosis
    (Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, 2015) Kaya, Abdullah; İçen, Hasan; Tuzcu, Nevin; Şimşek, Aynur; Yeşilmen, Simten; Koçhan, Akın; Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil
    Bovine tuberculosis is an important zoonotic disease transmitted by direct contact, respiratory pathway, ingestion of unpasteurised milk and milk product, raw or undercooked meat. Tuberculosis can be difficult to diagnose based only on the clinical signs. Tuberculosis is usually diagnosed in the field with the tuberculin skin test. Sputum and other body fluids may be collected for microbiological examination. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods have also been described. Diagnostic blood tests include the lymphocyte proliferation assay, the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In this study a total of 50 animals were tested by using tuberculin skin test (TST), lateral flow rapid test, IFN-γ assay and real time PCR. The animals were selected randomly among 178 cattle in dairy farms with the aged between 3-5 years and suspected of having tuberculosis. Forty five cattle were positive out of 50 for TST while 31 for reactive by the IFN-γ assay and 28 for rapid test and 9 for real time PCR. The purpose behind such variable as age was to compare sensitivity of tuberculin skin test, the IFN-γ assay and TB lateral flow rapid test and real time PCR examination for the diagnosis of field outbreaks of bovine tuberculosis in Turkey.
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    Phytochemical characterization and biological activities of Inula viscosa L. Aiton: a promising plant from Turkey
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Eruygur, Nuraniye; Tuzcu, Nevin; Tugay, Osman; Yılmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Çakır, Oğuz
    The methanol extract of Inula viscosa (IVM) was investigated for its antioxidant potential using the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging as well as iron chelating assays (ICA). The total phenol (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC) of IVM were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride methods, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of I. viscosa methanol extract was investigated by disc diffusion and broth microdilution method. The IVM extract was found to be containing TPC (236.78 +/- 7.63 mg GAE/g) and TFC (94.36 +/- 1.86 mg QE/g). Antioxidant activity IC50 values for the DPPH, ABTS and ICA assays were found to be 277.7 +/- 3.68, 2.44 +/- 0.02, and 222.1 +/- 0.71 mu g/mL, respectively. The MIC values of the IVM on the tested microorganisms ranged from 0.48 to 7.81 mg/mL. Furthermore, IVM extract was demonstrated 18.32 +/- 1.37%, 23.06 +/- 1.05%, 4.72 +/- 0.13%, 15.13 +/- 0.37% and 37.64 +/- 4.02% inhibition against tyrosinase, alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, AChE and BChE, respectively. In the results of LC-MS/MS analysis, acacetin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid and protocatechuic acid were determined as most dominant compounds. These findings suggested that this plant may be a natural resource for creating novel medicinal compounds.