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    Effect of L-ornithine L-aspartate on Liver Injury Due to Acute Ethyl Alcohol Intoxication in Rats
    (Univ West Indies Faculty Medical Sciences, 2015) Durgun, H. M.; Ozhasenekler, A.; Dursun, R.; Basarali, M. K.; Turkcu, G.; Orak, M.; Ustundag, M.
    Objective: Ethyl alcohol is a substance that is widely used worldwide and known to exert toxic effects on liver. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) on the toxicity of a single dose of ethyl alcohol in rats. Subjects and Method: We used 32 randomly selected male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g. The rats were grouped into four groups with each group containing eight rats: Group 1: the control group, Group 2: the ethyl alcohol group, Group 3: the LOLA group and Group 4: the ethyl alcohol+LOLA group. Ethyl alcohol was administered orally through a nasogastric tube at a dose of 6 g/kg after diluting with distilled water. One hour after ethyl alcohol administration, LOLA was administered to pre-specified groups orally through a nasogastric tube at a dose of 200 mg/kg after diluting with distilled water. Liver tissue and blood samples were obtained from all rats 24 hours later to study total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels in liver samples, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), TAC, TOS and OSI levels in blood samples. Results: Serum TAC, TOS and OSI levels were higher in the groups that were administered ethyl alcohol. In addition, tissue TAC level was higher and TOS and OSI levels were lower in groups that were given ethyl alcohol. No significant changes were observed in serum and tissue TAC, TOS, OSI, ALT and AST levels in the LOLA administered groups. Conclusion: This study showed that LOLA was not biochemically effective and exerts no oxidative stress reducing activity in liver injury due to acute ethyl alcohol toxicity.
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    Gastrointestinal tract duplications in children
    (Verduci Publisher, 2014) Okur, M. H.; Arslan, M. S.; Arslan, S.; Aydogdu, B.; Turkcu, G.; Goya, C.; Uygun, I.
    AIM: Gastrointestinal tract duplications (GTD) are rare congenital abnormalities that can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. These anomalies may present as a single, multiple, or a vague pathologies. Diagnosing and treating these diseases may be difficult in some patients. We aimed to present 32 patients who were followed and treated in our clinic. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included the patients between 2000 and 2013. Evaluations included clinical presentations, diagnostic strategies and algorithms, surgical procedures and associated anomalies, and presence of ectopic tissue, complications, and prognosis. RESULTS: Common clinical presentations included vomiting (n=8; 25%), palpable abdominal mass (n=4; 13%). Twenty-eight patients (2 of them antenatally) were diagnosed preoperatively while four of them were diagnosed at surgery. Ileal duplications constituted the most common type (34%) while the least common ones were located in appendix, thoracoabdomen and rectum. One of our patients was present with a gastric duplication which was closely interconnected to a tubular duplication of esophagus, which had never been encountered in the literature before. CONCLUSIONS: It is crucial to note that duplications are likely to occur in various types and numbers and also may accompany other anomalies. Computed Tomography (CT) remains the method of choice since Magnetic Resonance (MR) is likely to cause the use of sedation and analgesia at very young ages and it may also be relatively costly despite being more sensitive in soft tissues. Mucosal stripping is an ideal method for the patients requiring restricted surgery. The antenatal asymptomatic cases can be operated after their 6th months of age.
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    Protective Effects of Carvacrol Against Methotrexate-induced Liver Toxicity in Rats
    (Acta Medical Belgica, 2014) Bozkurt, M.; Bodakci, M. N.; Turkcu, G.; Kuyumcu, M.; Akkurt, M.; Sula, B.; Em, S.
    Background : To investigate whether carvacrol (CAR) pretreatment reduces the severity of methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Methods : A total of 24 rats were equally divided into three groups : group I, control; group II, MTX-treated; and group III, CAR+MTX-treated. On Day 1 group III received a one-time intraperitoneal dose of CAR (73 mg/kg), and on Day 2 both groups II and III received a single dose of intraperitoneal MTX (20 mg/kg). The rats were then sacrificed so to harvest blood and liver tissue samples to determine malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphata.se (ALP) levels. Histological specimens were examined via light microscopy. Results : Levels of MDA, ALT, AST and ALP in rat liver tissue samples were significantly higher in the MTX-treated group relative to the control group. However, TAS was significantly reduced in the MTX-treated group when compared to controls. Pretreating rats with CAR counteracted the effect of MTX exposure as MDA was significantly decreased and TAS was elevated in liver tissues when contrasted with the MTX-treated group. Furthermore, histological examination demonstrated significant liver injury in the MTX-treated group versus the CAR+MTX group. Conclusions : Pretreatment with CAR markedly diminished liver damage induced by MTX. Therefore, CAR administration preceding MTX treatment might be a promising therapeutic modality to prevent and/or lessen the extent of MTX-induced hepatotoxicity.