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    Phytochemical analysis and biological activity of Corchorus olitorius L.: Quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds by LC–MS/MS, antibacterial, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic activities
    (Elsevier GmbH, 2023) Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Erenler, Ramazan; Turkan, Fikret; Alma, Mehmet Hakkı; Demirtaş, İbrahim; Baran, Ayşe; Kandemir, Sevgi İrtegün
    Introduction: Corchorus olitorius L. is a significant plant in folk medicine, therefore, research on phytochemistry with biological activity may reveal its potential use in drug development. Medicinal plants are valuable sources of drug materials as they include bioactive compounds known as secondary metabolites. Determination of bioactive compounds and biological activity of plants lead to understanding their potential in drug development. Methods: A quantitative analysis of the bioactive compounds in leaf, stem, and root extracts of C. olitorius L. was carried out with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) enzyme inhibition and antibacterial effects were investigated using Mueller Hinton broth microdilution assay. The anticancer activity of C. olitorius leaves was evaluated by MTT assay using HDF, U87, Skov-3, and Caco-2 cell lines. Results: In the quantitative study, leaf extract exhibited the largest concentration of bioactive compounds, and cynarin (6.680 mg/g extract) and chlorogenic acid (5.605 mg/g extract) were the major products. The leaf, stem, and root extracts showed significant AChE and GST inhibition activity. The leaf extract displayed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa with the value of 2.2±0.1 (IC50, μg/ mL) in comparison to the standard (4.00±0.1 IC50, μg/ mL). The leaf extract displayed good antiproliferative activity against sk-ov-3 cell lines with values of 37.1% and 42.1% at 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL concentrations, respectively. Conclusion: C. olitorius has the potential to be a drug agent against cancer and microbial-induced diseases due to its effective bioactive compound contents.
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    Polyphenolic Content, Antioxidant Potential and Antimicrobial Activity of Satureja boissieri
    (Jihad Daneshgahi, 2018) Aras, Abdulmelik; Bursal, Ercan; Alan, Yusuf; Turkan, Fikret; Alkan, Huseyin; Kilic, Omer
    Antioxidant activities of Satureja boissieri extracts were detected by using specific in vitro techniques. Standard antioxidant compounds such as ascorbic acid, BHA (Butylated Hydroxyanisole) and BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene) were used to compare with the results obtained from ethanol and water extracts of the plant samples. Both extracts presented high antioxidant actions on ABTS cation radical and DPPH free radical scavenging methods. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of S. boissieri was defined by using three fungi species, three Gram-positive and four Gram-negative bacteria species. The reducing power antioxidant activities of samples were measured by CUPRAC and FRAP techniques. Also, phenolic compounds of S. boissieri leaves were identified by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The high concentration of hesperidin (5051 +/- 247 ppb) and rosmarinic acid (4364 +/- 214 ppb) was characterized quantitatively. According to the results, high phenolic content can be thought of as one of the responsible parameters for effective biological activity. Also, its flavonoid and phenolic contents are good natural sources for using in the food industry and pharmacological process.