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    Classification of Cervical Precursor Lesions via Local Histogram and Cell Morphometric Features
    (Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2023) Calik, Nurullah; Albayrak, Abdulkadir; Akhan, Asl; Turkmen, Ilknur; Capar, Abdulkerim; Toreyin, Behcet Ugur; Bilgin, Gokhan
    Cervical squamous intra-epithelial lesions (SIL) are precursor cancer lesions and their diagnosis is important because patients have a chance to be cured before cancer develops. In the diagnosis of the disease, pathologists decide by considering the cell distribution from the basal to the upper membrane. The idea, inspired by the pathologists' point of view, is based on the fact that cell amounts differ in the basal, central, and upper regions of tissue according to the level of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN). Therefore, histogram information can be used for tissue classification so that the model can be explainable. In this study, two different classification schemes are proposed to show that the local histogram is a useful feature for the classification of cervical tissues. The first classifier is Kullback Leibler divergence-based, and the second one is the classification of the histogram by combining the embedding feature vector from morphometric features. These algorithms have been tested on a public dataset.The method we propose in the study achieved an accuracy performance of 78.69% in a data set where morphology-based methods were 69.07% and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) patch-based algorithms were 75.77%. The proposed statistical features are robust for tackling real-life problems as they operate independently of the lesions manifold.
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    Metaphase finding with deep convolutional neural networks
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Moazzen, Yaser; Capar, Abdulkerim; Albayrak, Abdulkadir; Calik, Nurullah; Toreyin, Behcet Ugur
    Background: Finding analyzable metaphase chromosome images is an essential step in karyotyping which is a common task for clinicians to diagnose cancers and genetic disorders precisely. This step is tedious and time-consuming. Hence developing automated fast and reliable methods to assist clinical technicians becomes indispensable. Previous approaches include methods with feature extraction followed by rule or quality based classifiers, component analysis, and neural networks. Methods: A two-stage automated metaphase-finding scheme, consisting of an image processing based metaphase detection stage, and a deep convolutional neural network based selection stage is proposed. The first stage detects metaphase images from 10x scan of specimen slides. The selection stage, on the other hand, selects the analyzable ones among them. Results: The proposed scheme has a 99.33% true positive rate and 0.34% of the false positive rate of metaphase finding. Conclusion: This study demonstrates an effective scheme for the automated finding of analyzable metaphase images with high True positive and low False positive rates. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.