Yazar "Taskesen, Fatih" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 25
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Appendix Duplication: A Rare Presentation(Modestum Ltd, 2013) Gul, Mesut; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Timucin, Huseyin; Vurupalmaz, Ozgul; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, FatihAppendiceal duplications are among the rare congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract. Laparotomy was applied to a nineteen-year-old male patient due to an injury caused by a piercing-cutting tool, during operation exploration, omental adhesions were present on the appendix and appendectomy was performed to the patient. The histopathological examination of the specimen showed that there was luminal duplication all over the appendiceal wall at the distal 4 cm. portion of the appendix. Appendiceal duplication should definitely be kept in mind in patients with a history of appendectomy and clinical complaints compatible of appendicitis.Öğe Bacterial translocation and inflammatory alterations in an experimental intestinal obstruction model in splenectomized rats(Aves, 2012) Sirca, Tarik; Onder, Akin; Kapan, Murat; Tekin, Recep; Firat, Ugur; Evliyaoglu, Osman; Taskesen, FatihPurpose: Intestinal obstruction leads to an increase in the secretion of pro-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines, oxidative injury, mucosal barrier dysfunction and bacterial translocation with the deterioration of normal ecological balance. Mitogenic activity resulting from splenectomy is reported to influence the development of bacterial translocation as a result of an increase in the proliferation of T cells and a decrease in the levels of serum tufsin. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of splenectomy on bacterial translocation and inflammatory response alterations resulting from the intestinal obstruction in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups as follows: Group 1 (Sham), only the ileocecal junction dissection; Group 2 (intestinal obstruction), complete ileal ligation; Group 3 (Splenectomy + intestinal obstruction), splenectomy following complete ileal ligation. 24 hours after the initial laparotomy, rats were sacrificed with the reception of intra-cardiac blood. Peritoneal swap, mesenteric lymph node, liver and ileal specimens, taken in sterile conditions, were examined microbiologically, biochemically and histopathologically. Results: Intestinal obstruction resulted in a significant increase in bacterial translocation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and ileal mucosal injury (p<0.05). No significant difference occurred between the splenectomized and non-splenectomized rats. Similar asimetric dimethylarginine levels were observed in all groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: It was proven that splenectomy has no significant effect on the bacterial translocation and inflammation in experimental intestinal obstruction models in rats.Öğe Coexistence of Behcet's disease and colonic diverticulitis: Is it causal or just a coincidence?(Aves, 2013) Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Onder, Akin; Kapan, Murat; Boyuk, Abdullah; Gul, Mesut; Girgin, Sadullah[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Continuing Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Gallbladder Polyps(Southeastern Surgical Congress, 2013) Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Gul, Mesut; Gumus, Hatice; Celik, Yusuf; Tas, Ilhan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Discussion of Breast Atrophy in One Case(Aves, 2013) Egeli, Tufan; Taskesen, Fatih; Okudan, Murat; Arikanoglu, ZulfuBreast atrophy can occur due to various reasons and it may be a cosmetic problem for women. The main etiological factors are hormonal insufficiency, hormonal axis suppression, virilizing tumors, and the use of anabolic hormones. In all of these conditions both two breasts are affected and atrophy is bilateral. Atrophy, hypoplasia, agenesis or other developmental disorders in only one of the breasts are more rare. However, several examples can be found in the literature. Occurence of atrophy in one of the breasts after bilateral normal development is quite rare. In this paper we present a young female patient whom we examined owing to shrinking in her right breast.Öğe Diverticulitis of Cecum Mimicking Plastron Appendicitis: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma(Modestum Ltd, 2013) Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Kapan, Murat; Gumus, Hatice; Tacyildiz, Ibrahim HalilCecal diverticulitis is an unusual condition that presents clinically similar to appendicitis. Although it is usually asymptomatic, it may cause inflammation, bleeding, or perforation. The diagnosis is not always easy and in the majority of cases, the diagnosis is usually made at laparotomy. There have been various controversies in the literature regarding the optimal management of cecal diverticulitis. The aim of this study is a detailed description of this rare cause of acute abdomen. A 40-year-old female patient presenting with acute onset pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant, nausea and fever had mild leukocytosis. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed findings suggestive of plastron appendicitis. The diagnosis of cecal diverticulitis was established during the surgery. The patient underwent diverticulectomy and appendectomy operations. Cecal diverticulitis is rare clinical entity that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of emergency patients admitted with the complaint of pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant.Öğe An easily overlooked cause of mortality in trauma: rupture of diaphragm(Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, 2016) Taskesen, Fatih; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Boyuk, Abdullah; Gumus, Metehan; Yasti, Ahmet Cinar; Onder, Akin; Kapan, MuratBACKGROUND: The purpose of our study was to share our experience in patients with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. METHODS: Patients underwent surgery for traumatic diaphragm rupture between 2005 and 2010 were reviewed. RESULTS: There were sixty-two patients with traumatic diaphragm rupture. The mean age of the study group was 28.7 years (range 15-62 years). Diaphragmatic rupture was left sided in 43 patients (69%), right sided in 17 (28%) and bilateral in 2 (3%). Thoracotomy applied in 8 patients, laparotomy in 50, thoracoabdominal approach in 4. Mortality seen at 4 (64%) patients and hemorrhagic shock was the reason in two and pneumonia and sepsis in two. CONCLUSIONS: Diaphragm ruptures are inftegent injuries, however, are easily overlooked due to mask effect of accompaning visceral injuries, and it should be kept in mind at lower thoracic or upper abdominal traumas to prompt and proper management to lower the risk of mortality.Öğe EFFECTS OF ERYTHROPOIETIN ON THE SERUM AND LIVER TISSUE LEVELS OF COPPER AND ZINC IN RATS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE(Sciendo, 2013) Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Kapan, Murat; Gul, Mesut; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Onder, Akin; Taskesen, Fatih; Basarili, Mustafa KemalBackground: Erythropoietin is an anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, angiogenetic cytokine and has protective properties against oxidative stress. In this study we investigated the effects of erythropoietin on the levels (serum and liver tissue) of copper and zinc in cholestatic rats. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats used in the study were divided into four groups Group I: Sham; Group II: Erythropoietin; Group III: Obstructive Jaundice; Group IV: Obstructive Jaundice+Erythropoietin. After the first operation, rats were followed up for seven days and then operated for the second time. Rats were sacrificed by intracardiac blood taking, and the liver tissue samples were obtained immediately. Results: Erythropoietin reduces copper, and increases zinc levels in serum and liver tissues after obstructive jaundice (p<0.05). Furthermore, it has been shown that the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin/direct bilirubin were significantly lower in Obstructive Jaundice+ Erythropoietin group than Obstructive Jaundice group. Conclusions: Erythropoietin affects the changes in copper and zinc levels, thus decreasing the liver damage biochemically in rats with obstructive jaundice. However; further investigations are needed to discover how erythropoietin therapy might reduce target organ damage in cholestatic liver cases by affecting copper and zinc levels.Öğe Evaluation of the early and delayed cholecystectomy in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis(Turkish Surgical Assoc, 2011) Beyazit, Unal; Taskesen, Fatih; Boyuk, Abdullah; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Onder, Akin; Kapan, Murat; Aliosmanoglu, IbrahimPurpose: We aimed to compare the results of early and late laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and to investigate their effects on mortality and morbidity in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP). Patients and Methods: One hundred eight patients, who underwent LC with the diagnosis of moderate acute pancreatitis in our clinic between January 2005 and September 2010 were enrolled in this study. The demographic characteristics, type of surgery, operation time, rate of conversion to open surgery, complications, mortality and hospital stay were recorded. Results: The number of the patients was 46 in group A and 62 in group B. The distribution of women and men were 76.1% / 23.9% in group A and 71.0% / 29.0% in group B, respectively. LC was performed successfully in 43 (93.5%) patients in group A and in 58 patients in group B. We had to perform open surgery in 3 (6.5%) patients in group A and 4 (6.4%) patients in group B. The average operation times were 70.5 minutes in group A and 68.6 minutes in group B. The average postoperative hospital stays were 2.8 days in group A and 3.0 days in group B. Conclusion: Early LC did not increase the rates of conversion to open surgery and biliary tract complications. On the other hand, the rate of recurrent pancreatitis attacks was higher in group B correlating with the duration of elapsed time for LC. Therefore, we recommend early LC to protect the patients from the morbidity and mortality of the recurrent attacks in the patients with mild to moderate pancreatitis.Öğe An extremely rare clinical condition: isolated post-traumatic diaphragmatic injuries(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2012) Taskesen, Fatih; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Onder, Akin; Gul, Mesut; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Oguz, Abdullah; Celik, FeyziAim: Isolated post-traumatic diaphragmatic injuries are observed less commonly, and the preoperative diagnosis is difficult to make. Material and methods: Thirteen patients with post-traumatic isolated diaphragmatic injury were treated in our department between January 2005 and June 2011. Age, sex, the cause, the location, the size of rupture, the severity of organ injury, the surgical materials used for repair, the associated morbidity and mortality, and the duration of hospitalization were all evaluated. Results: There were 12 male patients (92.3%) and 1 female patient (7.7%) with an overall mean age of 28.76 years (range: 15-55 years). Blunt trauma was responsible for the injuries in 4 patients (30.8%), while 9 patients (69.2%) had penetrating injuries. The diagnosis was established preoperatively in all patients (100%) via a plain chest X-ray and/or a computed tomography (CT) scan. The location of rupture was on the left side of the diaphragm in 12 patients (92.3%) and on the right side in 1 (7.7%). Isolated post-traumatic diaphragmatic rupture was repaired with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures or polypropylene mesh. Postoperative complications were observed in 2 patients (15.3%). Mortality did not occur in any of our patients. Conclusions: A meticulous physical examination and obtaining a chest X-ray should be the first steps to be taken in patients with suspicious isolated post-traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. In case of uncertainty in diagnosis, advanced modalities such as CT, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging should be utilized.Öğe Factors Affecting Morbidity and Mortality in Patients Who Underwent Emergency Operation for Incarcerated Abdominal Wall Hernia(Int College Of Surgeons, 2012) Gul, Mesut; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Kapan, Murat; Onder, Akin; Taskesen, Fatih; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Tacyildiz, IbrahimPatients with incarcerated abdominal wall hernias (AWHs) are often encountered in emergency care units. Despite advances in anesthesia, antisepsis, antibiotic therapy, and fluid therapy, the morbidity and mortality rates for these patients remain high. Between 2006 and 2011, we retrospectively analyzed the cases of 131 patients who underwent emergency surgery for incarcerated abdominal wall hernias. Of these, there were 70 women (53.4%) and 61 men (46.6%) with an average age of 63.3 +/- 17.4 years (range, 17-91 years). Morbidity was observed in 28 patients (21.4%), and the mortality rate was 2.3%. Intestinal resection, presence of concomitant disease, and general anesthesia were the independent variants that affected morbidity of patients with incarcerated abdominal wall hernias.Öğe Factors Affecting the Postsurgical Length of Hospital Stay in Patients with Breast Cancer(Aves, 2015) Gumus, Metehan; Satici, Omer; Ulger, Burak Veli; Oguz, Abdullah; Taskesen, Fatih; Girgin, SadullahObjective: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the most common cause of mortality in women worldwide. In addition to the increasing incidence of breast cancer, the length of hospital stay (LOS) after breast cancer surgery has been decreasing. Because LOS is key in determining hospital usage, the decrease in the use of hospital facilities may have implications on healthcare planning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting postoperative LOS in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Seventy-six in patients with breast cancer, who had been treated between July 2013 and December 2014 in the General Surgery Clinic of Dicle University, were included in the study. The demographic characteristics of the patients, treatment methods, histopathological features of the tumor, concomitant diseases, whether they underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy or not, and the length of drain remaining time were retrospectively recorded. Results: There was a correlation between drain remaining time, totally removed lymph node, the number of metastatic lymph node, and LOS. LOS of patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was longer. The patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery had a shorter LOS. Linear regression analysis revealed that the drain remaining time and the number of metastatic lymph nodes were independent risk factors for LOS. Conclusion: Consideration should be given to cancer screening to diagnose the patients before lymph node metastasis occurs. In addition, drains should be avoided unless required and, if used, they should be removed as early as possible for shortening LOS.Öğe Factors effective on morbidity and mortality in rectal injuries caused by penetrating and blunt traumas: a civilian experience(Drunpp-Sarajevo, 2012) Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Gul, Mesut; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Uslukaya, Omer; Hakseven, MusluhPurpose: Our objective in this study is to establish the factors effecting morbidity and mortality in rectal injuries which occurred in civilian injuries. Methods: Fifty-two patients who had been hospitalized for rectal injuries are evaluated. Patients are arranged in two groups according to the etiology: Group I rectal injuries caused by penetrating traumas; Group II rectal injuries caused by blunt traumas. To determine the risk factors, demographic data of the patients are compared. Results: Group I consisted of 35 male and 2 female patients and average age was 27,5 +/- 7,5, while Group II consisted of 12 male and 3 female patients, and average age was 32,8 +/- 12,4 (p>0.05). Mean average of ISS was 10.1 +/- 10.1 in Group I and 19.4 +/- 12.1 in Group II (p=0.014). However, mean average of TRISS was 98.5 +/- 1.4 in Group I, and 96.4 +/- 3.5 in Group II; and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.011). Mortality numbers for the groups were 1 patient in Group I (2.7 %), 3 patients in Group II (20%), (p=0.034). Conclusions: Although rectal injuries are rarely seen in clinic, morbidity and mortality rates are high. So, being aware of the risk factors and developing a therapy plan, considering the patient is important for the success of therapy.Öğe Giant myxoid liposarcoma of descending mesocolon origin(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2014) Uslukaya, Omer; Taskesen, Fatih; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Gul, Mesut; Dusak, AbdurrahimLiposarcomas are one of the most common primary lesions of the retroperitoneal region. They rarely exhibit intra-abdominal location. Because the symptoms emerge later on, they often remain unnoticed until they grow large. Our aim in this paper is to present a case of myxoid liposarcoma of descending mesocolon origin, 40 cm wide and weighing 7000 g, seen in a 47-year-old male patient. No cases at this weight and radius, originating from descending mesocolon, belonging to the myxoid sub-type, were found in our literature scan.Öğe The impact of etiological factors on mortality in retroperitoneal hematomas(Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, 2013) Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Gul, Mesut; Kapan, Murat; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Onder, Akin; Aldemir, MustafaThe impact of etiological factors on mortality in retroperitoneal hematoma AIM: Retroperitoneal hematomas (RPH) mostly occur after blunt and penetrating traumas. However, these hematomas may develop spontaneously in the elderly and the patients who use anticoagulants. Between January 2006 and December 2011, 31 patients with RPH were evaluated retropectively. The patients were allocated into three groups according to the underlying etiological factor: Group I; spontaneous RPH, group II; RPH caused by penetrating trauma, group III; RPH caused by blunt trauma. RESULTS: There were 22 (71%) male and 9 (29%) female patients with a mean age of 35.7 +/- 18.7 (range: 15-88 years). Spontaneous RPH was diagnosed in eight patients (25.8%) while RPH caused by penetrating trauma in 13 patients (41.9%) and RPH induced by blunt trauma in 10 (32.3%) patients. Retroperitoneal hematomas were located at zone I in 2 patients (65%) whereas zone II-III in I patients (61.3%) and zone III in 9 patients (29%). On the other hand, RPH was regarded to be at zone in I patient (3.2%). Additional organ injury was defined in 18 patients (58.1%). Twenty patients (65%) were treated surgically. The morbidity rates were 12.5%, 7.7% and 20% and the mortality rates were denoted as 12.5%, 15.4% and 50%, for group I, group II and group III, respectively. DISCUSSION: Additional organ injury, massive blood transfusion, the route of injury and the need for surgery are defined as the most significant factors associated with increased mortality.Öğe Isolated Breast Trauma Due to Gunshot Injury: Case Report(Aves, 2013) Onder, Akin; Kapan, Murat; Girgin, Sadullah; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Beyazit, UnalGunshot wounds represent a major part of traumas, but isolated breast lesions due to gunshot wound are rare. A 51-year-old woman presented to the emergency department because of a close range gunshot wound. There were projectile entrance and exit lesions in the left breast. Debridement, hemostasis and drainage were performed. The patient was discharged without any complications.Öğe Predictors of outcome in penetrating gastric injuries(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2013) Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Onder, Akin; Kapan, Murat; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Gul, Mesut; Celik, YusufIntroduction: Both solid and hollow organs are open to injury in penetrating abdominal trauma Morbidity and mortality related to gastric injury in penetrating abdominal trauma are uncommon. Isolated gastric injuries occur less frequently. Aim: To examine the morbidity associated with penetrating gastric injuries. Material and methods: Data for 45 patients collected between 2000 and 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were grouped as those with isolated gastric injuries and those with concomitant organ injuries, and then grouped according to the presence of complications. Logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of morbidity following gastric injury. Results: The sample comprised 40 males (88.9%) and 5 females (11.1%), with a mean age of 28.56 +/- 11.66 (range 15-75) years. The mechanism of injury was stab wounds in 26 patients and gunshot wounds in the remainder. Mortality was 8.9% (4/45 patients). The forward stepwise binary logistic regression analysis of the results revealed three risk variables: 2 patient measures (injury severity score and number of injured intra-abdominal organs) and the mechanism of injury. The odds ratios and confidence intervals for the three variables were 3.74 (2.40-5.83), 3.41 (1.60-7.28), and 3.00 (1.96-4.59), respectively. Conclusions: We identified the risk factors for morbidity in penetrating gastric injuries using a binary logistic model.Öğe A rare cause of abdominal pain: massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism due to Niemann-Pick type-B(Aves Press Ltd, 2012) Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Taskesen, Fatih; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Gul, Mesut; Firat, Ugur; Ay, EnverNiemann-Pick disease is a recessive, autosomal hereditary lysosomal storage disease. Six types of the disease have been identified (NPD types A, B, C, D, E, and F). Clinic of the patient varies depending on the organ in which sphingomyelin accumulates. The diagnosis is generally made during routine diagnostic tests performed in childhood while examining the etiology of hepatosplenomegaly. Supportive treatment is the mostly preferred treatment. However, splenectomy can be performed because of the risk of rupture if hypersplenism and massive splenomegaly develops. In the present article, a 16-year-old male patient with massive splenomegaly and hypersplenism diagnosed with Niemann-Pick disease type-B in childhood is presented due to the fact that it is a rare disease.Öğe A Rare Finding During a Common Procedure: Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis(Int College Of Surgeons, 2014) Taskesen, Fatih; Arikanoglu, Zulfu; Uslukaya, Omer; Oguz, Abdullah; Aliosmanoglu, Ibrahim; Dusak, Abdurrahim; Turkcu, GulXanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a rare variant of chronic cholecystitis characterized by severe proliferative fibrosis and accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages in regions of destructive inflammation. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis clinically and radiologically mimics early-stage gallbladder cancer, with wall thickening on computed tomography. The study included 14 xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis patients that were identified following retrospective analysis of the records of 1248 patients that underwent cholecystectomy between 2005 and 2011. Mean age of the 5 male and 9 female patients was 56.7 years. All 14 patients had gallbladder stones; 10 had a history of acute cholecystitis, 1 had cholangitis, and 2 presented with obstructive jaundice. A right-upper quadrant mass was palpable in 2 patients. All patients underwent cholecystectomy. Open surgery was planned and performed in 6 of the 14 patients, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy was planned in 8 patients, but was converted to open surgery in 1 case. In total, 1 patient developed wound infection, 1 patient had postoperative pneumonia, and 1 patient developed intraabdominal hematoma. None of the patients in the series died. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is difficult to diagnose, both preoperatively and intraoperatively, and definitive diagnosis depends exclusively on pathological examination. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis should be a consideration in all difficult cholecystectomy cases.Öğe Rektal prolapsus cerrahi tedavisinde abdominal ve perineal yaklaşımlar(Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2012) Kapan, Murat; Önder, Akın; Polat, Serkan; Aliosmanoglu, İbrahim; Taskesen, Fatih; Arikanoglu, Zülfü; Gül, Mesut; Taçyıldız, İbrahimGiriş: Rektal prolapsus, sosyal ve fonksiyonel problemlere neden olan ve ideal cerrahi yöntem konusunda tartışmaların devam ettiği bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada rektal prolapsus nedeniyle cerrahi tedavi uygulanan hastalarımızda abdominal ve perineal yaklaşımların postoperatif erken ve geç dönem sonuçlarla beraber araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve yöntem: 2006-2011 yılları arasında rektal prolapsus tanısıyla cerrahi tedavi uygulanan 21 hastanın kayıtları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastalara ait demografik ve fizik muayene bulguları, uygulanan cerrahi yöntemler, postoperatif erken ve geç dönemde gelişen komplikasyonlar, nüks ve mortalite oranları kaydedildi. Bulgular: Hastaların medyan yaş 43 olup, kadın/erkek oranı 1.63/1 idi. En sık başvuru şikayeti gaz kontrolünde bozukluk ve sıklıkla mukusla ıslanma idi. Fizik muayenede hastaların %19’unda evre 1 ve %81’inde evre 3 rektal prolapsus saptandı. En sık uygulanan cerrahi yöntem Notaras’tı (%52.4). Hastaların % 14.3’ünde postoperatif erken dönemde komplikasyon gelişti. Postoperatif mortalite, nüks ve reeksplorasyon gerektiren bir komplikasyon gözlenmedi. Perineal yaklaşım uygulanan hastalarda yaş daha ileri ve hastanede yatış süresi daha kısaydı ve sıklıkla rejyonel anestezi altında uygulandı. Postoperatif erken komplikasyonlar ve nüks gelişimi açısından istatistiksel farklılık izlenmedi. Sonuç: Cerrahi tedavi açısından risk faktörleri, hastaya ait bulgular ve cerrahın tecrübesi göz önünde bulundurularak uygulanacak abdominal veya perineal yaklaşımlara ait sonuçlar benzerdir.
