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Öğe ?-Carotene Bleaching and ABTS Cation Radical Scavenging Activities of the Extracts from Different Parts of In Vivo and In Vitro Raised Pictacia lentiscus L.(Springer, 2016) Tilkat, L. Engin; Suzerer, Veysel; Izol, Ebubekir; Ertas, Abdulselam; Asan, Hilal Surmus; Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Onay, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Clonal micropropagation of Pistacia lentiscus L. and assessment of genetic stability using IRAP markers(Springer, 2015) Kilinc, Fatih Mehmet; Suzerer, Veysel; Ciftci, Yelda Ozden; Onay, Ahmet; Yildirim, Hakan; Uncuoglu, Ahu Altinkut; Tilkat, EnginAn efficient protocol for clonal micropropagation of selected genotypes of lentisk, Pistacia lentiscus L., which is cultivated for the masticha resin, has been developed using shoot tip explants originating from in vitro seedlings. BA was found to be optimum for shoot morphogenesis in terms of the number and length of shoots among the cytokinins tested for all cloned genotypes, while the highest shoot length was noticed in the presence of 2iP at a rate 4.92 mu M. Efficient rooting (94.15 %) was achieved in a medium containing 19.6 mu M IBA with the clone II that was superior to the rest of the clones tested. The method developed for plant acclimatization was satisfactory because a high percentage of plant survival (95 %) in the growth room in the clone II was obtained and the regenerated plantlets resumed growth after 4 months. DNAs from mother seedlings and micropropagated plantlets belonging to 6, 9 and 12 times subcultured were isolated and subjected to IRAP analysis in order to evaluate their genetic stability and detect possibly existing variations among in vitro derived plantlets. The mean percentage of similarity calculated by Jaccard's similarity coefficient ranged from 78 to 86 % in the four genotypes. Although variation was observed among mother plantlets and its regenerants for all of the clones, polymorphic information content value in the range of 0.391-0.405 indicated the presence of reasonable polymorphism within the clones. The presented data confirmed that the clonal propagation of lentisk by using shoot tips could be used for commercial exploitation of the selected genotype.Öğe Comparison of Total Phenolic Content and Total Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils of Male and Female Pistacia lentiscus L.(Springer, 2016) Izol, L. Ebubekir; Suzerer, Veysel; Yigitkan, Serkan; Tilkat, Engin; Ertas, Abdulselam; Asan, Hilal Surmus; Onay, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Detection of Variation in Long-Term Micropropagated Mature Pistachio via DNA-Based Molecular Markers(Springer, 2016) Akdemir, Hulya; Suzerer, Veysel; Tilkat, Engin; Onay, Ahmet; Ciftci, Yelda OzdenDetermination of genetic stability of in vitro-grown plantlets is needed for safe and large-scale production of mature trees. In this study, genetic variation of long-term micropropagated mature pistachio developed through direct shoot bud regeneration using apical buds (protocol A) and in vitro-derived leaves (protocol B) was assessed via DNA-based molecular markers. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were employed, and the obtained PIC values from RAPD (0.226), ISSR (0.220), and AFLP (0.241) showed that micropropagation of pistachio for different periods of time resulted in reasonable polymorphism among donor plant and its 18 clones. Mantel's test showed a consistence polymorphism level between marker systems based on similarity matrices. In conclusion, this is the first study on occurrence of genetic variability in long-term micropropagated mature pistachio plantlets. The obtained results clearly indicated that different marker approaches used in this study are reliable for assessing tissue culture-induced variations in long-term cultured pistachio plantlets.Öğe Establishment of Callus Cultures from Different Axenic Leaf Explant Types of Lentisk (P. lentiscus L.).(Springer, 2017) Demir, Elif; Hoser, Ayse; Asan, Hilal Surmus; Tilkat, Engin; Suzerer, Veysel; Ertas, Abdulselam; Onay, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe In vitro conservation and cryopreservation of mature pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) germplasm(Springer India, 2013) Akdemir, Huelya; Suzerer, Veysel; Tilkat, Engin; Yildirim, Hakan; Onay, Ahmet; Ciftci, Yelda OzdenAs genetic erosion of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) has been occurring in the Mediterranean, Central and West Asia and North Africa, experiments were conducted to conserve two cultivars ('Atli' and 'Siirt') of mature pistachio germplasm by assessing both medium-and long-term conservation techniques. In medium-term conservation, our results showed that it was feasible to conserve both cultivars in the form of either microshoots or encapsulated shoot apices up to 12 months at 4 degrees C in the dark. As regards long-term conservation, encapsulation-dehydration and droplet-vitrification techniques were assessed for cryopreservation of cold-hardened and osmoprotected shoot apices of mature 'Atli' cultivar. Among the methods tested, 13.6% of regrowth was achieved with incubation of explants in the droplets of vitrification solution for 150 min at 0 degrees C followed by direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (LN), rapidly thawed and then cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing 1 mg L-1 BA and 0.5 mg L-1 GA(3). The developed droplet-vitrification technique appeared as a promising procedure for long-term preservation of shoot apices of mature pistachio germplasm. Moreover, assesment of genetic fidelity by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) revealed out high levels of genetic stability between donor plant and cryopreserved plants (similarity indexes between 0.959 and 0.973) after they were subcultured for at least 3 months. The detected low level of genetic instability could be due to the toxic effect of PVS2 and regeneration phase. The optimized conservation techniques, especially slow growth storage, could be applied to preserve other Pistacia species.Öğe IN VITRO MICROGRAFTING OF THE ALMOND CULTIVARS TEXAS, FERRASTAR AND NONPAREIL(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Yildirim, Hakan; Akdemir, Hulya; Suzerer, Veysel; Ozden, Yelda; Onay, AhmetA successful micrografting technique for the almond cultivars (cvs) Texas, Ferrastar and Nonpareil was developed using in vitro germinated seedlings as rootstocks and axenic shoot cultures established from mature tree sources as microscions. In vitro germinated seedlings, which developed 14 days after culturing in the modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, were decapitated and used as rootstock. Shoot culture initiation from three almond cvs (Texas, Ferrastar and Nonpareil') was successfully achieved by culturing mature shoot tips from forced nodal buds, about 4-6 mm, on a modified MS medium containing I mg.L-1 benzyl adenin (BA). Slit micrografting on epicotyl and on hypocotyls were equally successful (83.3 % to 100 %). Grafting success was dependent on the rootstock type and lenght of the scion. Grafting success varied between 83.33 % and 100 % depending on the cultivar, when the scion contained I, 2, and 3 nodes. When almond scions, about 1.5 cm long, were micrografted on germinated seedling and cultured on proliferation medium (PM), the mean shoot length was 19.84 mm, 16.50 mm, 26.93 mm for the cvs Texas, Ferrastar and Nonpareil respectively Micro grafts could be easily cultured on a hormone-free semi-solid MS medium and were potted out after 4 to 6 weeks of culture growth. Rooted micrografted plantlets were successfully acclimatized and transferred to potting mix with 100 % survival. Although low percentages of variation were obtained in tested cvs (3.70 %, 6.25 % and 10.2 % in Texas, Ferrastar and Nonpareil'), molecular analysis showed that the developed micrografting technique produces genetically stable plantlets, at least up to 6 months of sub-culturing in cvs Ferrastar and Nonpareil. The described micrografting technique could be used for rejuvenation of shoot explants of mature elite almond cultivars and it also has potential use in the commercial production of other almond cultivars. Biotechnol. & Biotechnol. Eq. 2013, 27(1), 3493-3501Öğe Indirect somatic embryogenesis from mature embryo cultures of pistachio, Pistacia vera L.(Sejani Publisher, 2007) Onay, Ahmet; Tilkat, Engin; Yildirim, Hakan; Suzerer, VeyselInduction of somatic embryogenesis, proliferation and development of somatic embryos was obtained through different culture passages with respect to plant growth regulators. Callus cultures were initiated on callus induction medium (CIM) containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts with Gamborg vitamins supplemented with 2.0 mg l(-1)2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 40 g l(-1) sucrose from mature zygotic embryo of pistachio. Embryogenic tissue with globular somatic embryos was obtained when the calli were initiated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with Gamborg vitamins supplemented with 1-4 mg l(-1) 2,4-D or its combination with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The embryogenic cultures were maintained on an embryogenesis induction medium (EIM), which contains 1-2 mg l(-1) BAP for 4 weeks. These cultures were regularly subcultured every three or four weeks on EIM. After transfer of the embryogenic tissues into the somatic embryo maturation medium (ENM) containing 0.5 mg l(-1) BAP, with various concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) and sucrose, somatic embryos appeared. On the media with 0.5 mg P ABA and 6% sucrose the highest number of somatic embryos (42 per 250 mg of fresh weight) was formed. Adventive stages of somatic embryos were manually separated from the friable embryogenic tissues. Separated somatic embryos germinated on solidified MS medium without growth regulators, developed into plantlets.Öğe Initiation of Cell Suspension Cultures from Axenic Leaf Explants of Lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.)(Springer, 2017) Hoser, Ayse; Demir, Elif; Asan, Hilal Surmus; Suzerer, Veysel; Tilkat, Engin; Ertas, Abdulselam; Onay, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Micropropagation of the pistachio and its rootstocks by temporary immersion system(Springer, 2014) Akdemir, Hulya; Suzerer, Veysel; Onay, Ahmet; Tilkat, Engin; Ersali, Yusuf; Ciftci, Yelda OzdenAlthough several studies have been reported on the micropropagation of the pistachio and its rootstocks, to date none of them had been efficient on the mass production of these plants in bioreactor systems. Thus, the micropropagation of juvenile pistachio shoot tips and nodal buds was investigated in a temporary immersion bioreactor system (RITA(A (R))) and on a conventional semi-solid medium. Among the tested immersion conditions, immersion for 24 min every 16 h reduced vitrification and improved proliferation in the pistachio. Interactions were evident in immersion time and frequency in nodal segments. Nodal buds were better than shoot tips as the highest multiple shoot formation was recorded in MS medium containing 4 mg L-1 BA and 0.1 mg L-1 GA(3) in RITA(A (R)). Although shoot tip necrosis (STN) was observed in shoots proliferated on semi-solid MS medium, such a symptom did not occur in shoots sprouted in the RITA(A (R)). Additionally, these optimized conditions were applied to nodal buds of mature male pistachio 'AtlA +/- aEuro (TM) and Pistacia rootstocks (P. khinjuk Stocks and P. atlantica Desf.), and the micropropagation in the bioreactor system, in comparison to the semi-solid medium, was also improved. Furthermore, in vitro rooting of pistachio plantlets, despite the lower range (27.5 %), was also achieved in RITA(A (R)). However, rooting was better on semi-solid medium for all tested species (ranged between 50 and 70 %). The results of this study showed that RITA(A (R)) could be used for the mass propagation of pistachio and its rootstocks, as well as for other woody plant species.Öğe Oxidative Stress of Mature Pistachio (Pistacia vera L. 'Atli') Shoot Tips During In Vitro Culture.(Springer, 2016) Akdemir, Hulya; Suzerer, Veysel; Tilkat, Engin; Onay, Ahmet; Ciftci, Yelda Ozden[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Phytochemical Screening of the Ethanol Extracts from Different Parts of Lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus L.) by LC-MS/MS(Springer, 2017) Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Tilkat, Engin; Ertas, Abdulselam; Asan, Hilal Surmus; Suzerer, Veysel; Yigitkan, Serkan; Onay, Ahmet[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Plant tissue culture techniques-Tools in plant micro-propagation(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2011) Onay, Ahmet; Yildirim, Hakan; Tokatli, Yelda Ozden; Akdemir, Hulya; Suzerer, Veysel[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Rejuvenation of mature lentisk by micrografting and evaluation of genetic stability(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2016) Onay, Ahmet; Tilkat, Engin; Suzerer, Veysel; Karakas Metin, Ozge; Ozden Ciftci, Yelda; Kilinc, Fatih Mehmet; Koc, IbrahimAn in vitro propagation method was established for both male and female genotypes of lentisk using actively growing shoot tips derived from forcefully lignified shoots. The effects of growth regulators on in vitro morphogenesis were investigated. Since rooting of the regenerated shoots for both genotypes was not achieved, an in vitro micrografting method was developed for the production of plantlets. Moreover, genetic stability of 3-, 6-, and 24-times subcultured clones of both genotypes was assessed and compared with the mother plants using fluorescent-based amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. The set of main plants and the different subcultured clones were divided into two clusters. In the first cluster, the original male and female plants were grouped together with the 3-times subcultured female and the 6-times subcultured male and female groups, whereas the second cluster contained the 24-times subcultured clones and the 3-times subcultured male group. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of successfully inducing plantlets from mature lentisk genotypes and the first analysis of clonal fidelity of regenerated mature female and male P. lentiscus L. plants by AFLP.
