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Öğe CATTLE AND SMALL RUMINANT BREEDING ACTIVITIES IN TURKEY(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2013) Tatar, Ali Murat; Tutkun, Muhittin; Sireli, Halit DenizIn recent years, due to the increasing global warming, food security is one of the world's biggest problems. Each country is willing to take under guarantee the safety of their food in order to feed the population. In order to realize this strategy, rather than increasing the number of animals in production to increase yield obtained per animal. The most effective and accurate way to increase productivity per animal is breeding. Breeding success depends on agricultural policies applied, in addition to the objectives to be accomplished. Breeding activities started with the republic in Turkey, but could not achieve the desired success. Herd book records belongs to species are collected by the cattle, sheep and goat breeders associations. Type of pedigree cattle records history dates back to 1995. Projects carried out jointly by Turkey, Germany and Italy began pedigree studies resulted in the establishment of Cattle Breeders' Association. By means of this associations, breeding activities have gained momentum and National Breeding Program was started in 1999, Cattle Breeders' Association of Turkey, in partnership with the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. In this program, pre-herdbook and herdbook records are kept by the Association and, Progeny Testing System are applied in conditions of the country. Organizational model in small ruminants are applied similar to cattle, however keeping herdbook records and breeding activities are implemented at the beginning stage yet. In this study, animal breeding applications in Turkey are evaluated generally.Öğe COLOSTRUM COMPOSITION IN MILK OF DAMASCUS AND KILIS GOATS(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Sireli, Halit DenizPurpose of this study was to determine the nutrient content of colostrum from Damascus and Kilis goats and changes over time. 10 Damascus and 10 Kilis goats from a private farm in Bismil, a town in Diyarbakir province constituted the animal material. The goats were placed on a special feeding program during the last 1.5 months of pregnancy. In this feeding program, 400 g/head vetch hay and 600 g/day concentrate feed were provided in the morning and evening as two meals. Colostrum samples were taken at 6-hour intervals starting from immediately after the birth to 72 hours. The collected samples were placed in tubes and transferred to a milk analyzer. At the end of the study, no significant differences were observed between Damascus and Kilis goats in terms of protein, fat, dry matter and lactose ratios in the colostrum. These components changed immediately from birth to end of the third day and the colostrum was largely converted into a normal milk. The kinship relationship between Kilis and Damascus females may be one of the reasons for the similarity in colostrum contents.Öğe Comparison of nonlinear functions using partial growth data at different lengths of growth period in awassi lambs(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2021) Tekel, Nihat; Koncagul, Seyrani; Barıtcı, İlkay; Sireli, Halit Deniz; Tutkun, Muhittin; Eyduran, Ecevit; Tariq, Mohammad MasoodThe aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate some nonlinear functions i.e. Brody, Negative Exponential and Bertalanffy in order to describe the growth of Awassi male lambs (n=120) at the age of 10 months. The coefficient of determination values estimated for Brody, Negative Exponential and Bertalanffy models were 0.9523, 0.6094, and 0.9428 R2 for the first-time interval (0-90 days of age), 0.9866, 0.9743 and 0.9797 R2 for the second time interval (0-180 days of age) and 0.9924, 0.9853 and 0.9902 R2 for the third time interval (0-300 days of age), respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients between the observed and predicted weight values of the Awassi lambs were found as 0.9417, 0.9255 and 0.9203 for 0-90 days of age, 0.9741, 0.9501 and 0.9634 for 0-180 days of age and 0.9824, 0.9765 and 0.9790, for 0-300 days of age, respectively. Brody, Negative Exponential and Bertalanffy models were found to be useful models to describe the growth of Awassi lambs raised in Turkey. In conclusion, it could be suggested that the nonlinear functions might allow breeders to achieve remarkable information in practice in terms of determining managerial problems, slaughtering age, ideal feed amounts, and the studied breed’s growth standards.Öğe Effects of Different Rearing Systems at Suckling Period on Fattening Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Awassi Male Lambs(Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2013) Sireli, Halit Deniz; Tekel, NihatThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different rearing systems on fattening performance and carcass characteristics of Awassi male lambs. The study was carried out at the Southeastern Anatolia Agricultural Research Institute in Diyarbakir in 2006. Twenty six Awassi male lambs that were randomly allocated into 3 groups were exposed to 3 different rearing systems (G-I, G-II and G-III) at suckling period. The lambs in G-I were kept only ad libitum milk suckling while the lambs in G-II were fed with creep ration and alfalfa hay in addition to ad libitum milk suckling. The lambs in G-III were allowed to suckle remnant milk from their mothers after morning and evening milking in addition to creep ration and alfalfa hay. All lambs were weaned at 2.5 months of age and then fattened with creep ration and lentil straw for 60 days. Different rearing systems at suckling period did not affect live weights of lambs at weaning age (P>0.05) and live weights of lambs at the end of fattening period (P>0.05). The mean live weight of lambs at the end of fattening period (G-I, G-II, G-III) were found to be 33.94, 35.34 and 38.47 kg and the mean dressing percentage were 48.64%, 50.69% and 50.08%, respectively. The mean daily weight gain were 0.260, 0.256, and 0.290 kg and the mean feed conversion ratio were 5.099, 4.976 and 4.847 kg, respectively (P<0.05).Öğe HEAT STRESS IN RUMINANTS(Univ Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 2017) Sireli, Halit Deniz; Tutkun, Muhittin; Tatar, Ali Murat; Tuncer, Selcuk SeckinHeat stress is one of the most important environmental stressors that reduce productivity in animal breeding. The productivity of farm animals is significantly reduced due to temperature increases. As a result, significant economic losses occur during the summer months. Temperature humidity index developed according to air temperature and relative humidity relation is a widely used method for determining the effect of heat stress for domesticated animals. The ruminants entering the heat stress have lower feed consumption and consequently lower yields. This review was conducted to determine the effects of negative stressors on ruminants, to show how to reduce the effects of these factors, and to determine what the physiological changes due to temperature stress are.
