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    Chemical, mineral, and fatty acid compositions of various types of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in Turkey
    (Bulgarian Acad Science, 2016) Simsek, M.
    The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical, fatty acid, and mineral compositions of 10 types of walnut (Juglans regia L.) selected during 2010 and 2012 from the Yesilli (Mardin) district located in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. The average values of total oil, protein, carbohydrate, and energy were 61.08-64.8%, 14.85-20.26%, 13.77-17.16%, and 686.2-710.0 Kcal, respectively. In terms of mineral composition, K was the major mineral in all samples, ranging from 534.3 to 778.6 mg 100 g(-1). P was the next most abundant mineral, ranging from 346.0 to 584.8 mg 100 g(-1), followed by Ca and Mg, ranging from 100.9 to 233.9 mg 100 g(-1) and from 117.8 to 181.4 mg 100 g(-1) respectively. Saturated fatty acids levels were lower than those of other types of fatty acids. Of the identified fatty acids, linoleic acid (50.24-60.60%) was the predominant fatty acid, followed by oleic acid (20.70-28.33%) and linolenic acid (10.93-15.04%) in all types of walnut. Other fatty acids were present at trace levels.
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    Öğe
    DETERMINATION OF SOME BOTANICAL, PHENOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WALNUT (JUGLANS REGIA L.) GENOTYPES GROWN IN TURKEY
    (Aloki Applied Ecological Research and Forensic Inst Ltd, 2017) Simsek, M.; Gulsoy, E.; Beyhan, O.; Osmanoglu, A.; Turgut, Y.
    Botanical, phenological, physical and chemical characteristics of promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes grown in the Beyazsu region (Mardin) of Turkey were studied during years 2012-2013. The physical properties of genotypes were attributed to the quality criteria of nuts. Fruit weight (Fw1), kernel weight (Kw), fruit length (Fl), fruit witdh (Fw2), fruit height (Fh), kerrnel ratio (Kr) and shell thickness (St) were determined as 9.67-15.68 g, 5.35-8.54 g, 5.35-8.54 g, 33.53-45.78 mm, 28.42-37.00 mm, 28.30-36.32 mm, 48.35-67.27 % and 0.66-1.40 mm, respectively. The kernel color (Kc) and fruit size (Fs2) were light yellow and ekstra of all the genotypes. The fruits were found to be rich in crude protein (Cp) and crude oil (Co). The total energy (Toe), moisture (Mo), total ash (Ta), crude oil (Co), crude protein (Cp) and total carbohydrate (Toc) contents were determined as 692.37-723.37 kcal., 3.11-3.98%, 1.30-2.09%, 62.25-68.91%, 14.92-18.27% and 10.21-16.15%, respectively. Fruitful laterals (Frl) ranged from 40 to 90% while harvest date (Hd) ranged from 10-15 September to 1-10 October. The flowering habits (Fh) observed as 6 protandrous, 6 protogynous and 2 homogamous of the promising genotypes. The results might contribute to breeding studies in order to identify better walnut genotypes, the commercial production for the farmers in the region, and healthy diets in future.
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    Öğe
    FATTY ACID, MINERAL AND PROXIMATE COMPOSITIONS OF VARIOUS GENOTYPES AND COMMERCIAL CULTIVARS OF SWEET ALMOND FROM THE SAME ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
    (Corvinus Univ Budapest, 2018) Simsek, M.; Gulsoy, E.; Yavic, A.; Arikan, B.; Yildirim, Y.; Olmez, N.; Erdogmus, B.
    This study was carried out on the fatty acid, mineral and proximate compositions of ten sweet almond genotypes and two commercial varieties named as Ferragnes and Ferraduel grown in the same ecological conditions known as the Firat riverside region during two consecutive years. In this context, the crude oil (Co), crude protein (Cp), total sugar (Ts), total ash (Ta) and moisture (Mo) contents from the almond genotypes and cultivars ranged from 48.69 to 55.8%, 20.41 to 25.82%, 2.92 to 5.27%, 3.29 to 4.66% and 2.52 to 3.75%, respectively. The genotypes and cultivars showed a varied mineral content as well. Potassium (K) was the main mineral in all genotypes and cultivars, ranging from 679.53 to 986.63 mg100 g(-1) ; phosphorus (P) was the second most abundant mineral, ranging from 584.57 to 697.31 mg100 g(-1) ; followed by magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca), ranging from 325.27 to 381.93 mg100 g(-1) , 250.15 to 332.19 mg100 g(-1) , respectively. Of the identified fatty acids, oleic acid (Oa) (69.76-72.02%) was the predominant fatty acid, followed by linoleic acid (La) (18.82-21.62%), palmitic acid (Pa) (5.627.76%), and stearic acid (Sa) (1.20-1.69%). Other fatty acids were present at trace amounts. The unsaturated (Ufa)/saturated fatty acid (Sfa) ratios ranged from 9.29 to 12.12. From the results of the present study, we can conclude that the kernels of almond genotypes and cultivars are being potential sources of valuable oil which might be used for edible and other industrial purposes.