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Öğe Effects of black cumin seed oil on oxidative stress and expression of membrane-cytoskeleton linker proteins, radixin, and moesin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat liver(Kare Publ, 2022) Seker, Ugur; Kaya, Seval; Kandemir, Sevgi Irtegun; Sener, Dila; Demirel, Ozlem Unay; Nergiz, YusufBackground and Aim: This study examined the effects of black cumin seed oil treatment on oxidative stress and the expression of radixin and moesin in the liver of experimental diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Eighteen rats were divided into 3 equal groups (control, diabetes, treatment). The control group was not exposed to any experimental treatment. Streptozotocin was administered to the rats in the diabetes and treatment groups. A 2.5 mL/kg dose of black cumin seed oil was administered daily for 56 days to the treatment group. At the conclusion of the experiment, the blood level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) was measured. The expression level and the cellular distribution of radixin and moesin in the liver were analyzed. Results: The plasma MDA (3.05 +/- 0.45 nmol/mL) and GSH (78.49 +/- 20.45 mu mol/L) levels in the diabetes group were significantly different (p<0.01) from the levels observed in the control group (MDA: 1.09 +/- 0.31 nmol/mL, GSH: 277.29 +/- 17.02 mu mol/L) and the treatment group (MDA: 1.40 +/- 0.53 nmol/mL, GSH: 132.22 +/- 11.81 mu mol/L). Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analyses indicated that while the level of radixin was not significantly between the groups (p>0.05) and moesin expression was significantly downregulated (p<0.05) in the experimental group, the treatment was ineffective. Conclusion: The administered dose was sufficient to prevent oxidative stress, but was not sufficient to alleviate the effects of diabetes on moesin expression in hepatic sinusoidal cells.Öğe Effects of Nicotine on the Submandibular Gland in Rats(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2015) Arslan, Eda; Samanci, Baver; Samanci, Seyla Bolukbasi; Caypinar, Basak; Sengezer, Tijen; Deveci, Engin; Seker, UgurOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histopathologic and immunohistochemical effects of systemic use of nicotine on the submandibular glands. STUDY DESIGN: We investigated the effects of nicotine on apoptosis and angiogenesis. Twenty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: nicotine (n=10) and controls (n=10). The rats of the nicotine group were administered 2 mg/kg nicotine sulphate for 28 days. All animals were sacrified at the end of the study, and submandibular samples were removed and prepared for histologic examination. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Bcl-2 antibodies were used for immunohistochemical examination. RESULTS: In the group treated with nicotine, we observed degeneration in serous cells and striated duct cells, dilation and hemorrhage of blood vessels in the stromal area, and an increase of fibrous tissue and edema. An increase was observed in the number of PCNA-positive cells as compared to in the controls. VEGF expression was found to be positive in vascular endothelial cells and inflammatory cells around the excretory ducts in the stromal area. The duct cells are immunoreactive to Bcl-2 antibody. Apoptosis was observed in some cells of the serous glands and ducts. CONCLUSION: Nicotine administration in this study induced apoptosis with salivary gland cell proliferation and is thought to have affected angiogenesis.Öğe Effects of Polymeric Zinc Propylen-Bis-Dithiocarbamate (Propineb) on Nasal Mucosa in Rats(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2016) Samanci, Baver; Arslan, Eda; Samanci, Seyla Bolukbasi; Caypinar, Basak; Deveci, Engin; Soker, Sevda; Seker, UgurThe objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathologic and immunohistochemical effects of propineb on rat nasal mucosa. Twenty adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180-220 g, were used as experimental animals. The rats were divided into propineb and control groups. The control group received distilled water with spray at the same time period. The experiment was terminated after three weeks. In each case, sections of the nosewere taken. In experimental group, microscopic examination of nasal respiratory mucosa revealed that degenerative changes in epithelium were observed in sections of propineb-treated group. There were also leukocyte infiltration and vascular dilatation detected in the connective tissue. We detected CD34-immunoreactive mononuclear cells and endothel cells in the lamina propria of propineb group. In propineb group compared to the control group, the respiratory epithelium, goblet and basal cell nuclei were stained positive for PCNA. Propineb inhalation may be irritating to the nasal mucosa.Öğe Effects of Potentilla fulgens as a Prophylactic Agent in Tibial Defects in Rats(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2016) Koparal, Mahmut; Irtegun, Sevgi; Alan, Hilal; Deveci, Engin; Gulsun, Belgin; Seker, UgurOBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Potentilla fulgens as a prophylactic agent on tibial defects in the rat. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats weighing 200-215 g each were divided into 3 experimental groups. The tibial bone defect group served as the control group. The experimental groups were Potentilla fulgens with tibial defect (14 days) and Potentilla fulgens with tibial defect (28 days). Extract of Potentilla fulgens was mixed with water (400 mg/kg/day) and given to groups 14 and 28 as drinking water. The histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of each tibial bone cavity within each group were observed. The trabecular new bone formation was evaluated by expression rate of osteonectin and osteopontin. RESULTS: In the Potentilla fulgens + tibial defect group (14 days), trabecular bone had started combining extensive new bone formation, osteocyte cells were evident, and lamellar bone was formed. Osteoblasts showed a positive reaction with osteonectin. Osteopontin expression was positively observed between fibrous structures and in the osteoblast and osteocyte cells. This can be considered indicative of new bone formation. In the Potentilla fulgens + tibial defect group (28 days), an increase in expansion in trabecular bone and myeloid tissue was observed. Osteoblastic activity and osteocyte cells began to be observed in new bone fragments. CONCLUSION: In our study we show that Potentilla fulgens extract provided a protective effect on new bone formation and aided in the development of osteocytes and secretion of matrix in osteoblasts. Additionally, we show the inductive effect of the extract on new bone formation. In particular, the expression of osteopontin and osteonectin was also supported with the Western blot technique on the development of osteoblasts and osteocytes, showing a similar trend with our results.Öğe Effects of Pulsed and Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Fields on MMP-2, MMP-9, Collagen Type IV and E-cadherin Expression Levels in the Rat Kidney An Immunohistochemical Study(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2013) Tunik, Selcuk; Ayaz, Ercan; Akpolat, Veysi; Nergiz, Yusuf; Isen, Kenan; Celik, M. Salih; Seker, UgurOBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of extremely low frequency pulsed and sinusoidal electromagnetic fields on kidney tissues. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-seven male Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 9): control group, sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) group, and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) group. The SEMF and PEMF groups (pulse time 25 mu sn, pulse frequency 50 Hz) were subjected to 1.5 mT, 50 Hz, exposure 6 hours a day, 5 days a week for 28 days in methacrylate boxes. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded kidney tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Gomori and periodic acid-Schiff. In addition, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9), E-cadherin and collagen type IV expression levels were examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS: Thickening of glomerular basement membranes was evident in electromagnetic fields, especially in the SEMF group. In addition, expression levels of E-cadherin were decreased with electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure. The expression level of MMP-9 increased, and MMP-2 and collagen type IV expression levels were not altered with EMF exposure. CONCLUSION: Both EMFs changed the molecular component of the kidney adversely.Öğe Expression of Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in the Placenta of Gestational Diabetic Mothers An Immunohistochemistry and Ultrastructural Study(Sci Printers & Publ Inc, 2013) Sak, Muhammed Erdal; Deveci, Engin; Evsen, Mehmet Siddik; Kalkanli, Sevgi; Baran, Ozlem; Ozekinci, Selver; Seker, UgurOBJECTIVE: To investigate morphologic differences of the placenta in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes compared to nondiabetic pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN: This was a comparative morphological study of the placentas from 20 women with gestational diabetes and 20 healthy pregnancies at 28-35 weeks of gestation. RESULTS: The presence of lesions such as fibrinoid necrosis, villous edema, syncytial knot and vascular lesions like chorangiosis was apparent, mainly in the diabetes group. There was an apparent decrease in the intensity of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) immunostaining in the syncytiotrophoblast from the 28th to 35th weeks of gestation in the placentas of the healthy control group. No hCG immunostaining was observed in the vinous or intervillous areas of any of the placentas. In diabetic placentas the expression of hCG was homogeneous with a moderate to intense immunoreactivity in the syncytiotrophoblast. Several syncytiotrophoblast cells showed dilations of both rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and loss and alteration of microvilli, and large vacuoles were observed just below the plasma membrane, as well as irregularities in the mitochondria. CONCLUSION: Syncytial cells play an important role in the placental transition. Increased expression of beta-hCG, deterioration, degeneration of organelles and cell structure and the basal membrane disorder in chorionic vessels were seen in placentas with gestational diabetes. These changes can affect placental transfer. However, further studies are needed to clarify this issue. (Anal Quant Cytopathol Histopathol 2013;35:52-56)Öğe Hepatotoxic effects of melamine exposure from the weaning period in rats: a flow cytometric, electron microscopic, and histopathologic study(Oxford Univ Press, 2021) Erisgin, Zuleyha; Mutlu, Hasan Serdar; Tekelioglu, Yavuz; Deveci, Engin; Seker, UgurThis study aims to investigate the effects of melamine exposure from the weaning period (21st postnatal days in rats) on liver tissue. Female Wistar albino rats (n = 18) were divided into three groups. About 0.1-ml saline was applied to the control group by gavage for 21 days from the postnatal 21st day. The second group was taken 50-mg/kg melamine (in 0.1-ml saline) and the third group was taken 75-mg/kg melamine (in 0.1-ml saline) p.o. On the postnatal 45th day, all rats were sacrificed under anesthesia. Then, liver tissues were cut into three parts and two of them placed in neutral formalin for histopathological and flow cytometric analysis, and one of them placed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde. Histopathological analysis was performed with hematoxylin & eosin, Masson trichrome, periodic acid Schiff stained sections, and also with transmission electron microscopy. Apoptosis (Annexin V positivity) was analyzed by flow cytometry. According to histopathological analysis, hepatocyte damage, sinusoidal dilatation, and inflammatory cell infiltration significantly increased in both melamine groups compared with the control group. Apoptosis significantly increased in the 50 and 75-mg melamine groups compared with the control group. In the results of transmission electron microscopy analysis, there was abnormal chromatin distribution in the hepatocyte nuclei, loss in the cristae of the mitochondria, and organelle loss in large areas in the cytoplasm in both melamine exposure groups. As result, melamine exposure from the weaning period causes liver damage with increasing doses. [GRAPHICS] .Öğe The Involvement of the Serotonergic System in Ketamine and Fluoxetine Combination-induced Cognitive Impairments in Mice(Ataturk Univ, 2024) Uyar, Emre; Erdinc, Meral; Kelle, Lker; Erdinc, Levent; Seker, Ugur; Nergiz, YusufBackground: Gluta mater gic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play vital roles in memory formation. Changes in the activity of these receptors influence memory processes. Ketamine is a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist drug with promising mood-altering and pain-reducing effects ff ects in low doses. These effects ff ects are believed to be related to altered serotonergic transmission. Methods: The present study investigated the involvement of the serotonergic system in low-dose ketamine administrations' effects ff ects on memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval processes. Sixty-four male BALB/c mice were used in this experiment and separated into 8t groups. Mice were treated subchronically with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, and a serotonin depletion agent, p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA). A serotonin antagonist, methiothepin, and ketamine were acutely administered 60 minutes before or after the behavioral tests. A passive avoidance (PA) test measured emotional memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval processes. Hippocampi malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were analyzed, and histopathological examinations were performed. Results: Ketamine alone did not significantly affect ff ect memory encoding processes in the PA test, while the ketamine-fluoxetine combination disrupted memory consolidation. Fluoxetine negatively affected ff ected the memory acquisition process, which was normalized during the consolidation and retrieval trials. Drug applications did not significantly alter hippocampal MDA levels. In all ketamine-applied groups, histopathologic alterations were evident. Conclusion: Low-dose ketamine administration induces neurodegeneration, and it also impairs memory functions when combined with fluoxetine, indicating increased serotonergic transmission may be involved in the memory-impairing and neurotoxic effects ff ects of ketamine.Öğe Long-term effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phone on testicular tissue and epididymal semen quality(Informa Healthcare, 2014) Tas, Muzaffer; Dasdag, Suleyman; Akdag, Mehmet Zulkuf; Cirit, Umut; Yegin, Korkut; Seker, Ugur; Ozmen, Mehmet FeritThe purpose of this study is to bridge this gap by investigating effects of long term 900 MHz mobile phone exposure on reproductive organs of male rats. The study was carried out on 14 adult Wistar Albino rats by dividing them randomly into two groups (n: 7) as sham group and exposure group. Rats were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency (RF) radiation emitted from a GSM signal generator. Point, 1 g and 10 g specific absorption rate (SAR) levels of testis and prostate were found as 0.0623 W/kg, 0.0445 W/kg and 0.0373 W/kg, respectively. The rats in the exposure group were subject to RF radiation 3 h per day (7 d a week) for one year. For the sham group, the same procedure was applied, except the generator was turned off. At the end of the study, epididymal sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility, abnormal sperm rate, all-genital organs weights and testis histopathology were evaluated. Any differences were not observed in sperm motility and concentration (p>0.05). However, the morphologically normal spermatozoa rates were found higher in the exposure group (p<0.05). Although histological examination showed similarity in the seminiferous tubules diameters in both groups, tunica albuginea thickness and the Johnsen testicular biopsy score were found lower in the exposure group (p<0.05, p<0.0001). In conclusion, we claim that long-term exposure of 900 MHz RF radiation alter some reproductive parameters. However, more supporting evidence and research is definitely needed on this topic.Öğe The M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization and Hepatoprotective Activity of Quercetin in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Experimental Liver Toxicity(Wiley, 2025) Seker, Ugur; Uyar, Emre; Gokdemir, Gul Sahika; Kavak, Deniz Evrim; Irtegun-Kandemir, SevgiBackground: Chemotherapy drugs may lead to hepatic injury, which is considered one of the limitations of these drugs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quercetin (QUE) on M1/M2 macrophage polarization and hepatoprotective effect in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced liver toxicity. Methods: Twenty-four mice were divided into four groups (Control, QUE, CTX, CTX + QUE). The CTX and CTX + QUE groups received 200 mg/kg CTX. The animals in the QUE and CTX + QUE groups received 50 mg/kg QUE. All animals were sacrificed, and serum and liver samples were used for laboratory analyses. Results: Examinations indicated that CTX exposure led to disruption of liver functions and morphological degenerations. Tissue pro-apoptotic Bax and caspase 3, pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, transcription factor NF-kappa B, and M1 macrophage polarization marker CD86 were upregulated significant (p < 0.05) in this group. In addition, CTX exposure led to significantly (p < 0.05) upregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio and DNA fragmentations. The PCNA-positive hepatic cell ratio and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression are remarkably suppressed (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analyses are also indicated that M2 macrophage polarization marker CD163 is slightly but remarkably (p < 0.05) downregulated in the CTX group compared to the Control and QUE groups. The morphological and biochemical disruptions were alleviated in QUE-treated animals in the CTX + QUE group. Liver function test results, apoptosis, inflammatory, transcription factor NF-kappa B, regeneration/proliferation, and apoptotic index results in this group were similar (p > 0.05) to the control and QUE groups. The M1 cell surface marker expression of CD86 is significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated, and M2 macrophage polarization marker expression of CD163 is upregulated significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the CTX group. Conclusions: This study indicates that QUE has the potential to downregulate CTX-induced hepatic injury and regulate M1/M2 macrophage polarization to the M2 side, which indirectly demonstrates activation of anti-inflammatory signalling and tissue repair.Öğe Protective Role of Vitamin C on Sperm Characteristics and Testicular Damage in Rats Exposed to Radiation(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2014) Tas, Muzaffer; Cirit, Umut; Ozkan, Oktay; Denli, Muzaffer; Zincircioglu, Seyit Burhanedtin; Seker, Ugur; Ozmen, Mehmet FeritThe aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of vitamin C on sperm characteristics and testes in male rats exposed gamma radiation (2 Gy). A total of 21 adult male wistar albino rats (8 weeks of age, weighing 180-220 g) were divided into three groups. Control, radiotherapy (received scrotal.-radiation of 2 Gy as a single dose) and radiotherapy + vitamin C treated rats (during the 55 days after irradiation, 500 mg vitamin C/500 ml water daily orally). Testes samples from all groups were taken at day 55 post-irradiation and epididymal sperm characteristics, all-genital organs weights and testes histology were evaluated. Radiotherapy decreased significantly the sperm motility, concentration, left testes and epididymis weights, Johnsen's biopsy score and seminiferous tubular diameter but it increased the sperm head defects as compared to the Control group (P<0.05). The administration of vitamin C only reduced the harmful effects of radiotherapy on the seminiferous tubular diameter (P<0.05). It has been concluded that the radiotherapy may cause alteration in the genital organ weights, spermatologic and hystologic parameters in rats and administration of vitamin C may be slightly beneficial for seminiferous tubular diameter following testicular irradiation during the radiotherapy.Öğe Response to letter to the editor 'Trolox is more successful than allopurinol to reduce degenerative effects of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats'(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Seker, Ugur[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Trolox is more successful than allopurinol to reduce degenerative effects of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Seker, Ugur; Nergiz, Yusuf; Aktas, Ayfer; Akkus, Murat; Ozmen, Mehmet Ferit; Uyar, Emre; Soker, SevdaIntroduction Reperfusion surgery following testicular ischemia is a reproductive health threatening status and may result with organ dysfunction in men. The high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cease of blood flow to the testis are the most important reasons of this testicular injury. Until today, numerous experimental studies reported that antioxidants might be efficient to alleviate oxidative stress induced organ dysfunction. For this purpose, in this study, we have investigated the protective effects of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor, allopurinol, and ROS scavenger, trolox, in a comparative perspective in testicular ischemia reperfusion injury subjected rats. Materials and methods Twenty-eight adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups of seven animals in each; control, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), allopurinol and trolox. The rats in control group did not receive any application. Animals in I/R, allopurinol and trolox groups were subjected to 2 h testicular reperfusion injury following 5 h ischemia. Intraperitoneally (i.p.) 1 ml isotonic, 200 mg/kg allopurinol and 50 mg/kg trolox were administered to the animals in these groups 30 min prior reperfusion. At the end of experiment, all animals were sacrificed and blood serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Histological sections were obtained from the testis and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cleaved caspase-3. Apoptotic index was evaluated with TUNEL Assay. Results Severe morphological degenerations, increased serum MDA, cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL Assay positivity rate, but reduced PCNA positivity rate was observed in ischemia and reperfusion group. Morphological degenerations, MDA level, apoptotic index and PCNA positive cell rate were slightly alleviated in allopurinol administered animals compared with ischemia and reperfusion group. Protection with trolox was more successful and the results of the analysis were similar to the control group. Discussion Ischemia that leading to testicular torsion is a reproductive health affecting problem and current surgical treatment methods might be insufficient to recover testis. Various types of ROS generating mechanisms in cell are limiting protective potency of allopurinol, and cocktail administration of different ROS inhibitors might be more effective. However, our results indicate that free radical scavenger trolox might be a candidate drug to alleviate degenerative effects of testicular ischemia reperfusion injury. Conclusions This is the first study that demonstrates antioxidant trolox was more successful than XO inhibitor allopurinol to protect testis against ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. [GRAPHICS]
