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    Impact of chromium histidinate on high fat diet induced obesity in rats
    (Bmc, 2011) Tuzcu, Mehmet; Sahin, Nurhan; Orhan, Cemal; Agca, Can Ali; Akdemir, Fatih; Tuzcu, Zeynep; Komorowski, James
    Background: Chromium (Cr) is an essential trace element that has garnered interest for use as a weight loss aid, but its molecular mechanism in obesity is not clear. In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the effects of chromium histidinate (CrHis) on glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B p65) and the oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxynonenal adducts (HNE) expressions in liver of rats fed high fat diet (HFD). Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 40, 8 wk-old) were divided into four groups. Group I was fed a standard diet (12% of calories as fat); Group II was fed a standard diet and supplemented with 110 mu g CrHis/kg BW/d; Group III was fed a HFD (40% of calories as fat); Group IV was fed HFD and supplemented with 110 mu g CrHis/kg BW/d. Results: Rats fed HFD possessed greater serum insulin (40 vs. 33 pmol/L) and glucose (158 vs. 143 mg/dL) concentration and less liver Cr (44 vs. 82 mu g/g) concentration than rats fed the control diet. However, rats supplemented with CrHis had greater liver Cr and serum insulin and lower glucose concentration in rats fed HFD (P < 0.05). The hepatic nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B p65) and HNE were increased in high fat group compared to control group, but reduced by the CrHis administration (P < 0.05). The levels of hepatic Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased by supplementation of CrHis (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that supplementation of CrHis is protective against obesity, at least in part, through Nrf2-mediated induction of HO-1 in rats fed high fat diet.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    A novel nutritional supplement containing chromium picolinate, phosphatidylserine, docosahexaenoic acid, and boron activates the antioxidant pathway Nrf2/HO-1 and protects the brain against oxidative stress in high-fat-fed rats
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) Sahin, Nurhan; Akdemir, Fatih; Orhan, Cemal; Aslan, Abdullah; Agca, Can A.; Gencoglu, Hasan; Ulas, Mustafa
    Aims: A novel nutritional supplement complex (N21 #125) composed of four well-known compounds (chromium picolinate, phosphatidylserine, docosahexaenoic acid, and boron) was designed to improve memory function and maintain brain health. The present study evaluated the complex's potential mechanism of action and its role in reducing oxidative stress in the brain of obese rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 40, 8-week-old) were divided into four groups. Group I was fed a standard diet; Group II was fed a standard diet and supplemented with N21 #125; Group III was fed an HFD; and Group IV was fed an HFD and supplemented with N21 #125 for 12 weeks. Results: Rats fed HFD had greater serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and brain malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations than rats fed the control diet. Supplementation of N21 #125 decreased CRP, TNF-a, and MDA concentration in rats fed HFD. The levels of brain nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase, extracellular signal-regulated kinases and protein kinase B were lower in rats fed the control diet than for rats fed the HFD. These parameters were increased by supplementation of N21 #125. Discussion: The data indicate that N21 #125 protected the brain from oxidative damage and inflammation induced by the HFD. This effect may be through up-regulation of the transcription factor Nrf2 expression.