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    INVESTIGATION OF SFLT-1 AND VEGF EXPRESSION IN NORMOTENSIVE AND PREECLAMPTIC PLACENTA. AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY
    (Rojan GÜMÜŞ, 2020) Sahin, Firat; Akkuş, Murat; Şeker, Uğur; Soker, Sevda; Gokalp-ozkorkmaz, Ebru; Ağaçayak, Elif; Aşır, Fırat
    Objectives: The pathogenesis of preeclampsia is still not clear, but endothelial dysfunction believed to be one of the most encountered problems during placenta development in preeclamptic patients. Both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its antagonist, soluble Fms-Like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), have roles in vascular function. In this study, we have investigated immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and sFlt-1 in term placenta of normotensive and preeclampsia patients. Methods: Totally twenty term placentas were obtained from pregnant women of which 10 preeclampsia patient and 10 normotensive. Placentas were dissected and tissue samples were subjected to routine tissue processing protocol, then embedded in paraffin blocks. Serial sections were obtained from paraffin blocks and stained with H&E and PAS for routine histopathology. VEGF and sFlt-1 immunohistochemistry was performed to the sections. Results: When compared to control group, severe pathological changes were observed in preeclamptic placentas. Increase in number of syncytial knots and intervillous bridges, hemorrhage in interstitium, dilatation and congestion in villous capillaries, increase in fibrin accumulation in villus stroma, and increase in thickening of basement membrane were very clear. VEGF expression was significantly higher in normotensive placentas compared to preeclamptic. On the other hand, sFlt-1 expression was significantly increased in preeclamptic placentas. Conclusions: When the VEGF and sFlt-1 expression was considered, higher expression of sFlt-1 at preeclampsia, but decrease in VEGF expression, might be related to endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. Overall, this study demonstrates, imbalance between VEGF and sFlt-1 is one of the major reason of endothelial dysfunction in preeclamptic placenta.
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    Investigation of Vitamin D Levels in Men with Suspected Infertility
    (Mdpi, 2024) Asir, Firat; Duran, Senem cetin; Afsin, Muhammet; Duran, Enis; Korak, Tugcan; Sahin, Firat
    Male infertility may be caused by an impaired sperm functionality, with insufficient vitamin D levels affecting the quantity and development of motile sperm. Given the influence of vitamin D on vital aspects of male infertility, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between vitamin D levels and male infertility, along with exploring the possible mechanism of action. A total of 306 male participants were included. Semen samples were collected and analyzed for semen parameters with demographic features. Patients were classified into two groups based on vitamin D levels of <20 ng/mL (low) and >= 20 ng/mL (high). The Super-PRED, Swiss TargetPrediction, GeneCards, and DisGeNET databases were utilized to retrieve potential molecular targets associated with both vitamin D and male infertility, while the STRING database was employed for constructing protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and conducting a functional enrichment analysis. A total of 146 patients (47.71%) showed low vitamin D levels and 160 patients (52.29%) had high vitamin D levels. Vitamin D was not strongly influenced by demographic parameters. Vitamin D demonstrated significant positive correlations with type A and B sperm motility. Conversely, it exhibited significant negative correlations with type C and D sperm motility. Hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, estradiol) were not significantly associated with vitamin D; however, testosterone was significantly positive correlated with vitamin D. Notably, no significant correlation was found between vitamin D levels and iron, ferritin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels. The functional annotations of potential vitamin D targets associated with male infertility primarily indicated involvement in regulating infection, the immune response, forkhead box O (FOXO) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) signals in male infertility. Adequate vitamin D levels are associated with an improved reproductive health, evidenced by positive correlations with hormone levels and sperm motility. Specifically, the FOXO and HIF-1 signaling pathways may be effective in the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of vitamin D on male infertility and/or in the significant correlations identified.
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    Öğe
    Yardımcı Üreme Tekniklerinde Yapay Zeka
    (DNT Ortadoğu Yayıncılık A.Ş., 2024) Sahin, Firat; Özkorkmaz, Ebru Gökalp; Kaya, Seval; Aşır, Fırat
    Yapay zeka (YZ), son yıllarda biyomedikal alanlarda, özellikle de yardımcı üreme teknikleri (YÜT) içinde önemli bir yer edinmiştir. YÜT, infertilite tedavisinde kullanılan yöntemleri kapsar ve süreçlerin optimize edilmesi için YZ' nin entegrasyonu büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. YZ kullanımı, sperm analizi, oosit kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi ve embriyo seçimi gibi kritik aşamalarda önemli iyileştirmeler sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca, bu süreçlerin daha hassas ve doğru bir şekilde yönetilmesine olanak tanırken, kişiselleştirilmiş tedavi yaklaşımlarının uygulanmasını da kolaylaştırır. YZ destekli sistemler, infertilite tedavisinde başarı oranlarını artırabilir, maliyetleri düşürebilir ve klinik sonuçları iyileştirebilir. YÜT alanında YZ' nin entegrasyonunun, gelecekte daha verimli ve etkili tedavi süreçlerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.